hope_和wish的用法.doc

Wish& Hope两词都表示希望，但在用法上有相同不同之处，不能随意互换。 一、相同之处 1.都可接不定式作宾语。 We wish to see the film. 我们都希望看那部电影。 The children hope to do something for the old man. 这些孩子希望为这位老人做些事情。 2.都能以某些代词作宾语。 Thats what you have wished. 那就是你所希望的。 You cant hope much from such people. 对于这样的人，我们的希望不能过多。 3.都能与介词for连用，后接名词或某些不定代词，表示希望得到祈求。 Do you hope for peace? 你希望和平吗？ Do you wish for anything better? 你希望得到更好的东西吗？ 4.都可与过去过完成时连用，表示本来想做而没做成。 I had hoped to come here, but I couldnt. 我本来希望来这里，但没能做到。 He had wished to finish it on time, but he didnt. 他希望按时完成这件事，但没有。 5.都用于It is / was to bethat的句型中。 It is to be hoped that she will get full marks in English. 希望她会在英语考试中得到满分。 It is to be wished that the problem will soon be solved. 希望这个问题很快会得到解决。 二、不同之处 1. wish作为及物动词，可接名词或代词作宾语，hope则不能。 Do you wish a pen or a book? 你要的是钢笔还是书？ 2. wish能接双宾语表示祝愿，hope则不能。 I wish you success. 我祝你成功。 3. wish能接复合宾语，hope则不能。 I wish you to go with me. 我希望你同我一道去。 4. wish和hope都能接that引导的从句，但wish后的从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（动词用过去时，或过去完成时），hope则用所需要的时态。 I hope that he will win the game. 我希望他会赢得这场比赛。 I wish that I knew the answer. 我希望我知道这个答案。 I wish I had bought it yesterday. 我希望昨天买了它。 5. hope可与so或not连用，分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句，以免重复，wish则不能。 -Will it be fine tomorrow? -I hope so. -Will it rain tomorrow? -I hope not. 三、wish, hope都可作名词，可数或不可数均可，wish表示愿望、心愿、祝愿，hope表示希望。 1. My wish is to become a doctor. 我的愿望是当一名医生。 2. It is said that they have realized their wishes. 据说他们已实现了他们的愿望。 3. I have no (not much) wish to see him. 我并不（不大）想见他。 4. Send him my best wishes. 请代我向他致意。 5. Where there is life there is hope. 有生命就有希望。 6. There is a hope of success. 有成功的希望。 7. He has some hope (s) of success. 他有成功的希望。Hope： vt., vi. hoped, hoping 希望；期望；愿望 I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。 The foreign friends hope that they can join the celebrations for the universitys eighty anniversary. 外国朋友们希望能参加八十周年校庆活动。 We hope for an early answer to our letter. 盼早日赐覆。 I hope youll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起来。 hope against hope 抱一线希望 hope r. To wish for something with expectation of its fulfillment. 希望期待某些事情能够实现 Archaic 【古语】 To have confidence; trust. 信任对有信心；信赖 hope v.tr. To look forward to with confidence or expectation: 期待充满信心或期望地盼着： We hope that our children will carry on our family traditions. 我们期待我们的孩子能继承家族的传统 To expect and desire. 期待和渴望 See: expect hope （n.） A wish or desire accompanied by confident expectation of its fulfillment. 希望一种愿望或渴望，对其实现有自信的期待 Something that is hoped for or desired: 盼望的东西： Success is our hope. 成功是我们所期望的 One that is a source of or reason for hope: 被寄予希望的人或事实现希望的来源或理由： the teams only hope for victory. 这支队伍是获胜的唯一希望 Often Hope 常作Hope The theological virtue defined as the desire and search for a future good, difficult but not impossible to attain with Gods help. 神学美德，指对于来世幸福的渴望及寻求，虽然艰难，但是，上帝的帮助使它的获得成为可能 Archaic 【古语】 Trust; confidence. 信赖；信心 Anchor ones hope in 寄希望于. Anchor ones hope on 寄希望于. Lay ones hope in 寄希望于. Lay ones hope on 寄希望于. Pin ones hope in 寄希望于. Pin ones hope on 寄希望于. set ones hope in 寄希望于. set ones hope on 寄希望于. beyond (all) hope 没有希望 build ones hope on 把希望寄托在. dash sb.s hopes 使某人的希望破灭 forlorn hope 极微渺的希望; 最后的希望 孤注一掷的举动 【军】敢死队 give up all hope 放弃一切希望 resign all hope 放弃一切希望 hold out hope 给予希望, 使有理由希望 in hopes of 希望着 in the hope of 希望能 in vain hope 幻想地, 空想地 last hope 最后的希望或被寄托最后希望的人 live in hope(s) 仍然希望情况会好转 lose all hope(s) 完全失望 past hope 没有希望; 不可挽救 Some hope(s)! (=What a hope!) 真是妄想! 决不可能! There is a ray of hope. 仍有一线希望。 Where there is life, there is hope. 谚有生命就有希望。 white hope 被认为可以击败黑人重量级拳王的白人选手 口被指望能为本地区单位带来荣誉的人 without any hope of 毫无.的希望 hope against hope 抱一线希望 H-for the best and prepare for the worst. 谚作最好的打算, 作最坏的准备。 H-deferred makes the heart sick. 谚希望不实现令人心烦。 H-is a good breakfast, but a bad supper. 谚事前希望真美妙, 事败之后成苦恼。 If it were not for hope, the heart would break. 谚人是靠希望活着。 wish vt., vi. 但愿；要是多好 I wish we had a car. 要是我们有一辆车多好啊。 I wish you a very happy future. 祝你一生幸福。 I wish I were 30 years younger. 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。 I wish I know. 但愿我知道。 I wish I were a cat. 如果我是只猫多好。 （常与for连用）想要 You have everything you could wish for. 你想要的已经全有了。 希望 When do you wish to leave? 你希望什么时候离开？ 要 Do you wish to eat alone? 您要一个人用餐吗？ （常与on, upon连用）把强加于 Wish is widely used as a polite substitute for want with infinitives: Wish已广泛地成为与不定式连用表示 want的礼貌的代替语。 Do you wish to sit at a table on the terrace? 你想坐在阳台上的桌旁吗? Anyone who wishes to may leave now. This usage is consonant with formal style, where it is natural to treat the desires of others with exaggerated deference. The corresponding use of wish with a noun-phrase object is less frequent, though it cannot be regarded as incorrect: 想走的现在可以走了。这种用法符合正式文体，因正式文体中对别人的愿望表示出夸大的尊重很自然。尽管不会认为是错误的，但 wish加上名词短语作宾语不太常见： Anyone who wishes an aisle seat should see an attendant. Both usages are likely to sound stilted in informal style, however. ? When wish precedes a subordinate clause containing a contrary-to-fact statement, strict grammatical correctness requires that one use were rather than was: I wish I were (not was) lighter on my feet. Many writers continue to insist on this rule, but precedent for using the indicative was in such clauses can be found in the works of many writers, including King Alfred and Jonathan Swift. 任何想要走廊座位的人都要同服务员商量。但这两种用法在非正式文体中会显得不自然。当 wish后面接一个与事实相反的陈述句作从属分句时，按严格的语法来说，应在从句中用 were代替 was： I wish I were（不是 was) lighter on my feet（多希望我能步履轻盈。）许多作家仍坚持这条规则，但在从句中用表陈述的 was可在许多作家包括金阿尔弗雷德和约纳森斯威夫特的作品中找到先例 See: if want Dont you wish you may get it? (=I wish you may get it.) 讽不见得吧! 那未免太好了! get ones wish 达到愿望,如愿以偿 If wishes were horses,beggars might ride. 谚如果愿望都能实现,乞丐