四级翻译训练.doc

第二部分 四级汉译英核心词汇1. 发明：中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass书法calligraphy文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)：The Four Treasure of the Study (Brush, Ink-stick, Paper, and Ink-stone)2. 艺术：京剧Peking opera秦腔Qin opera相声comic cross talk杂技acrobatics踩高跷stilt walk木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadowplay折子戏opera highlight泥人 clay figure口技ventriloquism花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle刺绣embroidery剪纸paper cutting针灸acupuncture中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot3. 美食：小吃摊snack bar/snack stand月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu; bean curd麻花 fried dough twist蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg4. 节日：春节： the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day5. 名著：大学The Great Learning中庸The Doctrine of the Mean论语The Analects of Confucius孟子The Mencius孙子兵法The Art of War三国演义Three Kingdoms西游记Journey to the West红楼梦Dream of the Red Mansions水浒传Heroes of the Marshes山海经The Classic of Mountains and Rivers资治通鉴History as a Mirror春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals史记Historical Records诗经The Book of Songs易经The Book of Changes礼记The Book of Rites三字经Three-character Scriptures6. 旅游景点：秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 2.翻译下列短文，并分析每个句子类型。1）Two men were standing at a bar. One man turned to the other and said,“ Ill bet you 100 that I can bite my left eye.” The wager（赌注） was accepted, and the man popped out （挖出）his glass eye and bit it.“ Now,” he said, “ Ill give you a chance to win your money back. I”ll bet you another 100 t hat I can bite my right eye.” “ He cant have two glass eyes,” thought the other man, and he plunked down（重重摔下） his money.Then the first man took out his false teeth and bit his right eye.2）Losers look for quick fixes.There are two ways of getting rid of weeds in your yard: the easy way and the not-so-easy way. The easy way may be to run a lawnmower and the yard looks fine for a while, but that is a temporary answer. Soon the weeds are back. But the not-so-easy way may mean getting down on your hands and knees and pulling out the weeds by the roots. It is time-consuming and painful, but the weeds will stay away for a longer time. The first solution appeared easy, but the problem remained. The second solution was not so easy, but took care of the problem from the roots. The key is to get to the root of the problem.The same thing is true of our attitude in life. The problem with people today is that they want instant answer. They are looking for one-minute solutions to everything. Just like instant coffee, they want instant happiness. There are no quick fixes. This attitude leads to disappointment or even failure.3.下面两则笑话故事，都涉及对句子成分的理解，请给出解释。1) A: A father can lift a pig with one hand. Can your dad do that?B: Im not sure. Where do you get a pig with one hand?2) Hairdresser: I ve had a lot of strange customers in my time. Customer: Have you ever shaved a man with a wooden leg? Hairdresser: No. I always use a razor.（四）翻译相关训练（1）英译汉1.Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. 2.A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. 3.His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of Renaissance Master.4. Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter. 5.Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time.6. What make Leonardos drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind. 7.Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output quite small.8. Although not a prolific (多产的) painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams. 9.These notebooks, often referred to as da Vincis manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. 10.Leonards genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook.11. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art.译文：1.莱奥纳多达芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。2.他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。3.他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师”的称号。4.莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。5.在其所有作品中，蒙娜丽莎最为有名，而最后的晚餐则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。6.莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。7.他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。8.莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。9.这些笔记通常被称为达芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。10.莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱