讲座高考英语单项选择题解题技巧

,高考英语专题讲座（一）,单 项 填 空亳州一中南校：高 楠,有人说，每一个单项填空题都是一个小小的语言世界， 那里面人物、时间、地点、 事件、结果等等“五脏俱全”。各种语法项目穿插其中，真可谓是“步步惊心”。,单 项 填 空 题,第一部分：走进高考第二部分：揭秘高考,第一部分：走进高考考纲说明：,单项填空着重考查考生对英语语言知识的识记,理解和运用能力.要求考生根据题干所给的语境进行分析,对比,灵活的运用英语基础知识. -2012年考试说明,安徽高考单项填空考点分布（近三年）,代词：三年两考 冠词：三年一考 名词：三年一考 介词：三年两考形容词和副词：三年五考三大从句：三年六考交际用语：三年六考动词及短语动词：三年五考情态动词和虚拟语气：三年两考时态和语态：三年八考特殊句式：三年一考非谓语动词 ：三年四考主谓一致：三年一考（与时态搭配）,高考必考点,时态语态,三大从句,形容词副词,非谓语动词,动词及动词短语,交际用语,必考点之情景交际,（安徽2012）32. I love the Internet. Ive come to know many friends on the Net. . Few of them would become your real friends. A. Thats for sure B. Its not the case C. I couldnt agree more D. Im pleased to know that （安徽2011）23.Oh, you sounded just like a native. _, I still have trouble expressing myself. A. Well, not quite B.I dont care C. Yes, youre right D. Im glad you like it,29. You can have a pet dog, but suppose you get bored with it in a few days? _ We wont, we promise! A. Then what B. All right C. How come D. So what35. We got here Tuesday afternoon. _Why didnt you call us earlier? A. Good luck! B. You did? C. Its no surprise. D. You are welcome,锦囊妙解：,交际用语的特点是“你有来言，我有去语”,这就是信息。分析，理解，推断这种信息就是解题的关键！Tips:1. 置身语境中，扮演对话角色，体会语言信息和语气；2.尤其注意空白处后的答句，找到解题的关键词；3.了解英汉文化的差异，注意语言的地道得体，不受汉语思维限制。4.了解每个选项所对应具体首先语境，如：道歉，道谢，问候，告别，电话用语等5.对拿不准的选项可用“代入检验法”，试读别扭的不选。,Return,安徽2012 26. In order to find the missing child , villagers all they can over the past five hours. A.did B. do C. had done D. have been doing35. After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it . A. was decorated B. had decorated C. had been decorating D. was being decorated,必考点之时态及语态,安徽201127.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were 32. I didnt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed,一看时间状语。记住与各种时态经常连用的时间状语。二看已知动词时态。注意复合句中主、从句之间的呼应关系。三看语境。注意上下文隐含的时间提示。四看句型。,锦囊妙解：“四看法”,学以致用安徽2010 28.-Were you surprised by the ending of the film? -No , I_ the book ,so I already knew the story. A.was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 34.-We ve spent too much money recently. Well ,it isnt surprising ,Our friend and relatives around all the time A.coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming,Return,安徽201128. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator , _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A.when B. which C. where D. while 33.Just use this room for the time being ,and well offer you a larger one _it becomes available A as soon as B unless C as far as D until,必考点之三大从句,安徽201227. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. Why安徽201029.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest.A. wherever B. whenever C even if D as if,解题思路,1)首先要确定考察的是从句（根据四个选项）,选项多为引导词或连词如：that,what,where,when,why,how,if,because,even if,now that,as soon as.2)进一步确定考察的是何种从句（定从，名从，状从），依据各种从句的具体语法要求来解题定从：确定先行词名从：确定主干结构（如主句的谓语动词）状从：体会前后两句话之间的关系，主要看翻译。尤其要记住固定连词的翻译,Return,必考点之非谓语动词,安徽2012 24. I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 安徽2011 30.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break,安徽201030.He had a wonderful childhood， _with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 安徽200928.The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local cultureA.produced B.being produced C.to be produced D.having been produced 安徽2008 30. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked,非谓语动词解题四部曲,分析句子结构，判断是否用非谓语形式；2. 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻 主语之间的关系（主动还是被动）；3. 搜索句中相关时间信息，确定非谓语动词的 恰当形式；4.结合语境，代入检验。,学法导航,1.熟记一些固定或特殊用法、搭配；2.注意非谓语与独立主格结构，with复合结构等的区别。3.逐步培养利用题干和选项分析问题、解决问题的能力。,Return,必考点之形容词副词,安徽201223. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand ,even more so. A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar 34.Queen Elizabeth is often to be richest woman in the world. , her personal wealth seems rather small. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether,安徽201124.To be great, you must be smart, confident, and , _, honest. A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after all 31._, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently安徽2010 31. _, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile A. Shy and cautious B. sensitive and thoughtful C Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic,点津：,近三年乃至五年的安徽高考对于形容词和副词的考察主要是词义辨析题，解题方式较简单：1.读懂语义，结合语境，2.明白选项意思，代入检验即可。绝招：熟记考纲词汇！警惕：有可能还会考查倍数表达法，多个形容词修饰名词，熟词生义，同根形容词副词辨析，比较级及其修饰语等。,Return,必考点之动词及短语动词安徽2012 28.The athletes years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. A. went on B. got through C. paid off D. ended up 安徽2011 21. As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 34. If you _faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon,安徽2010 22.No matter how low you consider yourself ,there are always someone _you wishing they were that high getting rid of B. getting along with C. Looking up to D. looking down upon 23.-How did you like Nicks performance last night?To be honest, his singing didnt _to me much A. appeal B .belong C refer D. occur 安徽200933.We tried to find a table for seven,but they were all Agiven away Bkept away Ctaken up Dused up,点津,近五年对于动词及短语动词的考查主要是通过设置具体语境来考查不同动词短语的本义或引申义，另外集中考查常见高频动词及其搭配。解题技巧：结合语境，代入检验。关键：平时多积累，集中突破高频短语动词，牢记基本义，关注引申义,Return,第二部分：命 题 规 律 探 索,命题常用手段：增、省、变、混、惑 具体来说，主要通过增加句子的复杂 度、省略句子的某些成分、改变句子 的正常结构、利用相似易混的句式结 构或创设迷惑的语言环境等手段来设 计干扰信息，误导学生的思维。,“增” 命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分，无疑增加了句子的复杂程度，造成学生的视觉差异，从而导致思维错位，产生误导。解答这类题通常采用的方法是“删除法”，去掉多余信息(插入语、限定语等)，答案就显而易见了。,1.John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as,增,B,33.（2011安徽）Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. A keeps B keep C have kept D had kept,A,“省” 省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。解答此类题的较好方法是“补全法”。句子结构补充完整后，干扰因素也就随之消失，答案也就容易判断了。,3I will spend as much as I _ the lessons.Acan go over Bcan to go overCcan going over Dgo答案C把这句话写完整就是：I will spend as much as I can spend in going over the lessons.4The young student did what he could _ the examinations.Apass Bto pass Cpassing Dpassed答案Bcould后省略了do，不定式表目的。,“变”,命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目，答案就一目了然了。,由于疑问句的使用，句子的结构变得陌生，对于这类题，可将题干还原成一个陈述句。如:,1.Whom would you rather have _with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going,分析：本题题干改成陈述句，则应是：You would rather have whom_with you .,have sb do sth,Never _time come back again. A. will lose B. will lost C. will losing D. will to lose,如果将这个句子改为陈述句后我们便可以很容易地看出其结构为： Lost time will never come back again.,Oh, John. _ you gave us! A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant surprise C. What a pleasant surprise D. What pleasant surprise,分析:先把题干还原为陈述句：Oh, John. You gave us a pleasant surprise!,由于被动句的使用，句子的结构相对于主动句来说就没有那么清楚。我们如果将其改为主动句，这类题就会变得清楚的多。,1.Time should be made good use of _our lessons well. A. learningB. learned C. to learn D. learns,分析：将题干改写为主动句则：We should make good use of time _our lesson well。,“混”惑 英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同，命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱”。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式，极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意，要注重语境，理解句意，强化对易混句的辨析，有意识地改变思维定势。,1. _ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.2. _ is known to the world that Mark Twain is a great American writer. 3._is known to the world is that Mark Twain is a great American writer