在过去的几十年里.doc

在过去的几十年里，可能没有任何其它话题比领导艺术更受到管理研究者的关注。在管理人员的培训和开发方面，领导艺术也是最热门的话题之一。这表明专业管理人员对探索卓有成效的领导艺术的奥秘感兴趣。In the past few decades, perhaps no other topic has gained more attention from management researchers than the art of leadership. In the aspect of management training and development, the art of leadership is also one of the hottest topics . This shows that the professional management staff to explore the mysteries of the art of leadership is interested very fruitful. 在老人与海里，海明威描写了老人以勇气、希望和智慧面对生命与死亡。他懂得谦卑可以与真正的骄傲共存。尽管失败是辛酸的，但他面对并接受了痛苦，就像他接受了孤独一样。老人从苦难和失望中看到了希望，“希望是人的职责。“这种忍耐和希望中有尊严，它将力量和柔情融为一体。In the old man and the sea, Hemingway described the old man with courage, hope and wisdom in the face of life and death. His humility and true pride coexistence. Although failure is bitter, but his face and accept the pain, as he accepted the loneliness. The old man saw a hope from the suffering and despair, hope is the responsibility of the. The dignity of the patience and hope，it make strength and tenderness merged。 对于我们这样发展中的大国来说，经济要发展得快一点，不可能总是那么平平静静、稳稳当当。要注意经济稳定、协调地发展，但稳定和协调也是相对的，不是绝对的。发展才是硬道理。这个问题要搞清楚。如果分析不当，造成误解，就会变得谨小慎微，不敢解放思想，不敢放开手脚，结果是丧失时机，犹如逆水行舟，不进则退。For a big developing nation like China, it is impossible to attain faster economic growth steadily and smoothly at all times. Attention must be paid to stable and proportionate development, but stable and proportionate are relative terms, not absolute. Development is the absolute principle. We must be clear about this question. If we fail to analyse it properly and to understand it correctly, we shall become overcautious, not daring to emancipate our minds and act freely. Consequently, we shall lose opportunities. Like a boat sailing against the current, we must forge ahead or be swept downstream。 随着现代通讯和交通手段的出现，随着更快速的金融的来临，世界变得越来越小。许多国内的公司突然发现那些国外的竞争对手正站在自己的后院中，并且国内市场中也不再充满着机会。如果它们仍然固守家园，不仅会失去打入其它市场的机会，也面临着丢失国内市场的风险。它们必须估计和建立企业在国际市场的地位，以便获得更低的成本和更高的品牌知名度。With the advent of modern means of communication and transportation, with more rapid financial flow is coming, the world is getting smaller and smaller. Many domestic companies suddenly found that foreign rivals are in your own back yard, and the domestic market is no longer full of opportunities. If they still cling to the home, not only lose the inroads into other market opportunity, is also facing the risk of loss of the domestic market. They must be estimated and the establishment of corporate status in the international market, in order to achieve lower costs and higher brand awareness. 成功的关键是：要把世界一流的技术和一流的人才相结合，这点一直以来都很重要。为了能够更好地为客户服务，公司必须要有与众不同的技术和这类人才，懂得此项技术并且把它带给客户，为他们服务，真正对他们有帮助。公司应当努力把自己定位在成为技术，软件和硬件的供应商。The key to success is: to make the world first-class technology and first-class talent combination, this has been very important. In order to serve customers better ,the company must have the out of the ordinary technology and this kind of talent, understand the technology and bring it to the customer, for them, really help them. The company should try to position themselves in a technology, software and hardware vendors. 全球化是一个非常好的现象，因为它把不同国家的人都带到了一起，常使不同文化和不同背景的人感到困惑的时空距离也大大减少了。全球化有一个好处是：他把世界上最优秀的想法凑到一起，因此促进全世界范围内生活水平的提高。这很好，尽管为了确保所有人的生活水平都有提高，显然还有许多问题要去处理。这也是我们所有人的挑战之一。Globalization is a very good phenomenon , because it get people together across countries , the distance often leads to different cultures and backgrounds confused is greatly reduced. Globalization has an advantage: he gets the worlds most excellent idea together, thus promoting the life level of worldwide to improve. This is very good, although in order to ensure that all the peoples standard of living has improved, apparently have many problems to handle. This is one of our challenges all. Then he began to pity the great fish that he had hooked. He is wonderful and strange and who knows how old he is, he thought. Never have I had such a strong fish nor one who acted so strangely. Perhaps he is too wise to jump. He could ruin me by jumping or by a wild rush. But perhaps he has been hooked many times before and he knows that this is how he should make his fight. He cannot know that it is only one man against him, nor that it is an old man. But what great fish he is and what will he bring in the markets if the flesh is good. He took the bait like a male and he pulls like a male and his fight has no panic in it. I wonder if he has any plans or if he is just as desperate as I am?然后，他开始可怜那条已经上钩的大鱼。他想它如此神勇、特别，谁晓得它到底有多大年纪了呢？我从来就没有遇见过一条这么强壮、但又表现得如此反常的鱼。也许是他太聪明了，所以不跳出来。它只要那么一跳，或者猛撞一下就可以把我搞垮的。也许它曾经上钩很多次，所以知道这就是应战之道。但是它绝对不会知道，现在和它对抗的只是一个人，更不会晓得，他只不过是一个老头子。话说回来，这条鱼还真大啊！如果它的肉够鲜的话，市场上不知可以值多少价钱呢。看它吃鱼饵和拉扯鱼线的方式，都像一条公鱼，而它面对这场战斗也毫不惊慌。我怀疑它是否有了什么样的计划，或者它只是像我一样地绝望呢？ We stand here today as nothing more than a representative of the millions of people who dared to rise up against a social system whose very essence is war, violence, racism, oppression, repression and the impoverishment of an entire people. I am also here today as a representative of the millions of the globe, the anti-apartheid movement, the governments and organizations that joined with us, not to fight against South Africa as a country or any of its peoples, but to oppose an inhuman system and ask for a speedy end to the apartheid crime against humanity. These countless human beings, both inside and outside our country, have the nobility of spirit to stand in the path of tyranny and injustice, without seeking selfish gain. They recognized that an injury to one is an injury to all and therefore acted together in defense of justice and a common human decency. 今天我们站在这儿，是代表千百万敢于站起来反抗一种社会制度的人民，这种社会制度的本质就是战争，暴力，种族主义、压迫及全体人民的贫困。 今天我还代表全世界千千万万的人们及一些政府和组织，他们加入我们反对种族隔离制度的运动，他们不是反对作为国家的南非或南非人民，而是控诉一种非人道的制度，要求这种反人类的种族隔离罪行尽快灭亡。这些人，不论是国内的还是国外的，都有着反对暴政与不公，而非出于一己私利的高贵精神。他们认识到，对一个人的伤害即是对所有人的伤害，他们因此组织起来、共同行动，去捍卫正义与人的基本尊严。 In light of all the concerns associated with this new development of genetic information technology, supporters of the research stress that the benefits of the new drafts, such as improves screening for diseases, personally tailored meditation and a better scientific understanding of the human body, should not be overlooked. Some have said the human genome will diminish humanity by taking the mystery out of life. Nothing could be further from the truth. on the contrary, It will keep poets and philosophers inspired for millennia.在所有的这一新的发展的遗传信息技术相关的问题，研究支持者强调，新的草案的好处，如提高筛查疾病，个性化的冥想和对人体有了更科学的认识，不应被忽视。有人说，人类基因组将以神秘的生活减少人类。这差不多就是真相了。相反，“它将使诗人和哲学家的启发千年”。 Human resource management shares a platform with personnel management on important issues. on the other hand, it focuses on the notion that people ought to be considered as social capable of development and that employees are valued assets of the organization. one remarkable feature of HRM is that human resource strategy should keep in line with business strategy and with problem-seeking and problem-solving orientation. the next feature is that HRM fosters good leadership and vision, with the requirements of corporate strategy so as to create and sustain clear organizational values that bind employees to the organization. Another prominent feature is that HRM policy creates mutuality-mutual goals, mutual influence, mutual respect, mutual reward and mutual responsibility. HRM emphasizes the common interests of management and employees in profitability of the enterprise. All in all, special attention should be attached to the interaction between HRM system and the corporate planning process. 人力资源管理和人事管理在重要问题上共享一个平台。另一方面，它着重于人的观念应该被视为社会发展的能力和员工的组织价值的资产。人力资源管理的一个显著的特征是，人力资源战略应与企业战略和寻找问题和解决问题的方向保持一致。另一个特征是，人力资源管理养成符合企业战略要求的良好的领 导才能和远见，以创造和维持将员工融入组织的明确的组织价值观。另一个突出的特点是，人力资源管理政策创造互动共同的目标，相互影响，相互尊重，相互的奖励和共同责任。人力资源管理强调管理和员工在企业盈利上的“共同利益”。总之，特别应重视人力资源管理系统与企业规划过程之间的相互作用。In the beginning opinions were divided about the reform and the open policy. That was normal. The difference was not only over the special economic zones but also over the bigger issues, such as the rural reform that introduced the household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output and abolished the system of peoples communes. Initially, in the country as a whole, only one third of the provinces launched the reform. By the second year, however, more than two thirds of them had done so, and the third year almost all the rest joined in. At first, people were not enthusiastic about rural reform, and many waited to see how it would work. It was our policy to permit people to do that, which was much better than coercin