高考英语选修八第一单元单词

,Unit 1,选修8,1.Live on 继续存在，继续生存靠过活，以为食Eg:I had to live on bread and water when I was a student.我上大学时只能靠粗茶淡饭过活。 live by靠谋生 live off 靠供养，依赖生活 live over 重温，重新过 live out 实现,be about to do whenI am about to go out when the bell rings.,Live through 度过，经受住 Live up to 遵守，符合，不辜负 live with 与一起生活，忍受，忍耐 live in hope(s)(of sth)满怀希望,2.by means of 用办法；借助eg:we express our feelings by means of words.我们用语言来表达感情。by no means决不；一点也不by all means 一定；当然可以by any means 不顾一切，不惜以任何方式by this means 通过这种方式eg:Read the book by all means 一定要读读这本书,祈使句,not at all,方式状语,3.make a life 习惯于新的生活方式eg:Many farmers go to the big cities to make a life. be made from/of由制成be made up of由组成make(a) difference有关系，有影响make a face做鬼脸make ones living维持生活,动词不定式作目的状语,make clear表明，说明，讲清楚make ends meet量入为出make sense讲的通，有意义make sure(certain)of确定；确保make use of好好利用make fun of sb取笑某人make progress取得进步make room for为让地make up ones mind to do下定决心做某事,4.elect vt 选择，决定做某事，选举某人eg:they elected him to speak at the meeting 他们推举他在会上发言election n.选举 electric adj. 电的electrical adj.电的，电气科学的辨析： electric指靠电力操作或由电力生产的东西，如：an electric fan电扇An electric clock electrical指与电力有关的特品或人员。如： electricalengineer 电气工程师 an electrical fault 电路故障,elect sb to do选举某人做某事,5.keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗，传统等）eg:He can keep up until ten oclock tonight.今天晚上他能坚持到10点钟睡。keep up with跟上，赶上，不落后keep a promise信守诺言keep a record做记录 保持纪录keep a secret 保密keep body and soul together维持生活keep silence保持安静，保持沉默keep ones balance保持平衡keep back 留下，阻止，隐瞒，拒绝，泄露keep from避开，阻止，抑制，使不做keep off让开，不接近（雨雪等）未下,silent quiet calm still,not until 1.强调句2.倒装句,沉默,安静,风平浪静心情平静,动作一动不动,keep to坚持 不离开，遵循keep out使在外，留在外面keep out of置身于之外keep on 坚持（干）继续前进，保持keep in touch with与保持联系keepin mind记住，想着，把记在心里keep down抑制，控制keep at坚持，纠缠，督促keep away避开，不靠近，离开,6.boom n. (人口，贸易的）繁荣 vi处于经济迅速发展时期eg: China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development.中国已进入了科学技术发展的繁荣时期The steel industry is booming 钢铁工业迅速发展,现在完成进行时,8.occur vi 发生，出现Eg:Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur. 按他们的发生顺序将其编号Occurrence n. 事件，出现Eg:this sort of incident is an everyday occurrence. 这类事情简直都是家常便饭,9.indicate vt.指出，标出，表明，暗示eg:A signpost indicated the right road for us to follow. 一个路标给我们指出应走的路。Indication n. 迹象，指示 Indicator n.迹象，标志eg: All the main economic indicators suggest that trade is improving. 所有的主要经济指标都表明贸易正在改善。,cooker 炊具heater 加热器,10.back to back 背靠背Eg:Our seats on the train were back to back. 我们在火车上的坐位是背靠背的。face to face面对面（adv.作状语）face-to-face （adj.作定语）shoulder to shoulder肩并肩heart to heart心连心hand in hand手牵手side by side 并排的,11.Slip vi.滑动，滑行，滑跤 滑动，滑倒，小失误，差错。eg:Then Xiaoxi slipped and hurt his legs and arms. 然后晓玺滑倒了，摔伤了腿和胳膊。n.He recited the whole poem without making a single slip. 他一字不差的背诵了全诗。,12.team up with 与合作或一起工作eg:He didnt want to team up with anybody.他不想与任何人合作。team up结对，合作a team of 一组，一批team spirit协作精神teammate n.c队友teamwork n.u合作，协作，配合,13.hire vt&n租用，雇用eg:he hired himself to work in the fields for one summer . 他曾受雇在田里干一个夏天的活。How much is the hire of the house? 这间房子的租金是多少？hire out 出租，应雇hire oneself to受雇于on/for hire 供出租，应雇用,14.mark out 用线画出范围，标出 界限eg:They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch.他们在地上划出一个球场。make ones mark出名，成功leave/make ones mark on sb.留下持久印象mark down记下，降低的价格，降低的分数mark off划出，划线分隔出mark out 划线标出mark up 提高的价格,提高.的分数,15.take in 包括，吸收eg:The club took in a new member last week.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。take back收回，接收，退回，让退（货）take back to 使回想起take a message for给捎个信take away拿走take apart拆开take charge of 掌管负责,take down 1.写下、记下2.拆下3.拿开4.咽下take it easy 别着急，别紧张take after 相像、相似take along 随身携带，带领take off 脱下、起飞、休假、取消、移开、减掉、除去、模仿、成名take on 呈现、雇佣、聘用、接受、承担take out 把拿出来，取出，带出去take place 发生、举行Take ones place=take the place of. . . . .坐某人座位、代替某人的职务。Take ones turn 依次，轮流,Take part in 参加 join inTake up 拿起，从事，占用，着手处理，进行Take over 接替，接管，继承，借用，承蒙Take in 收留，包括，理解，欺骗Take pride in 以自豪，对感到自信=be proud of,16.distinct adj.清晰的，明显的，明确的eg:There was a distinct smell of gas.有一股明显的煤气味。distinction n.差别，区分，卓著eg:We need to draw a distinction between the two events. 我们得把两起事件区别开来distinctive adj.独特的，特别的，有特色的,17.majority n.大多数，大半a majority 多数的eg:In the nursing profssion,women are in a/the majority.女性在护理行业中占大多数a minority 少数的eg:Only a minority of British households do not have a car. 英国只有少数家庭没有汽车。,倒装,部分倒装,完全倒装,否定含义词Onlyso neithernor虚拟语气，省略if祝福语not onlybut also,动词提前,18.hardship n. 苦难，困苦eg:it was no hardship to walk home on such a lovely evening.在这么一个宜人的傍晚步行回家一点也不辛苦同义词：difficulty suffering,19.racial adj.人种的，种族的 race n.赛跑eg:they have pledged to end racial discrimination in area such as employment他们已经保证在诸如就业等方面停止种族歧视,20.crossing n.横渡，横越，十字路口，人行横道Cross across prep./adv. over through 的区别,21.nephew n.侄子，外甥grandson孙子granddaughter孙女 表姑/表叔Second cousin公公father-in-law婆婆mother-in-law 嫂/嫂子 sister-in-law 堂兄弟Paternal male cousin堂姊妹Paternal female cousin 女婿Son-in-law继父Step father 继母Step mother表兄弟male cousin 表姊妹femal cousin,22.socialist n.社会主义者，社会党人 adj.社会主义者 a socialish country 社会主义国家socialism n. 社会主义,23.apparent adj.显而易见的，显然的，表面上的apparently adv. 显然的，显而易见的eg:It was apparent from her face that she was really upset从面容上一眼就可以看出她确实心绪烦乱eg:He paused apparently lost in thought 他停顿下来，显然陷入了沉思,24.punishment n.处罚，惩罚punishable adj.可以惩罚的，可以处罚的（尤指）应该办的punish v.处罚，惩罚eg:he was sent to his room as a punishment.他被罚回到他的房间,25.justice n.正义，公平eg:they are demanding eqyal rights and justice 他们要求平等的权利和公平的待遇,demand,26.authority n.权威，权利，当局，官方eg:The government is the highest authority in the country. 政府是国家的最高权力机构。,27.a great /good many 许多，很多eg:There are a great /good many people in the hall.大厅里有很多人,28.apply for 申请，请示得到eg:My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。,29.nowhere adv.无处，到处都无Eg:I could find her nowhere.我到处都没能找到他倒装：nowere else cou