unit 3 Understanding your owner

Understanding your ownerOjective Atopics and functions Exoressing disapproval and dissatisfactionDiscussing pet-keeping, and the issues of mutual understaningFairy tales in English speaking culturesB Language KnowledgeWords and phrases for talking aboutHuman-animal relationships such as mutual understanging and communicationEmotional sharing in human communicationAnimals and fairy talesPart 1 communicative activitiesPart II Reading Comprehension and Language ActivitiesangerAnger usually goes hand in hand with displeasure. If one is a little displeased, you say he is annoyed; if one is extremely displeased or even behaves violently, you say he is angry. When one gets angry, you may also say he is mad / furious / indignant / in a temper / seething with rage, or he loses his temper / goes crazy / goes nuts / blows his top . People may choose their own way to demonstrate or vent their rage; for example, to shake ones fist, to stamp ones foot, to make a scene, or to let off steam by whatever means they prefer. structures for expressing anger I cant stand to do something I simply cant stand something I just cant bear to do something I really cant put up with something I really hate doing something Im disgusted at/with It make me sick It makes my blood boil. (He could have broken my new MP3!)Discuss in pair how to express anger at the following events: Someone woke you up at midnight. Someone used your computer without asking your permission. Someone spilt some ink on your expensive shirt/skirt. Someone has broken his/her promise many time. Someone has taken away all your cloth-hangers. Someone never returns money he borrows.You may express your anger like this: Any from of racism makes me sick. Im disgusted. How could you be so rude to your elders! Dont tell mum this coat costs 500 yuan, shell hit the roof. When I saw the mess my sister had left, I had a fit. His stubborn refusal to answer any questions infuriated me. It makes my blood boil the way they experiment on innocent animals. The very sight of youths with dyed hair is like a red flag to a bull to me. Quit needling me, you smug little shit! Shes married again? Youre winding me up!Study the cartoon Nowadays, more and more people are beginning to keep pets such as dogs for pleasure or companionship. Nevertheless, treating pet animals as our human fellows, or giving them too much respect, many people have reduced themselves into the pets of pets, while pet animals becoming the masters of their owners. Instead of walking dogs, many of us are being walked by dogs.Pre-reading Tasksl In what ways can dogs be helpful to human beings?l Why do people want to keep dogs as pets?l Do you suppose that a dog can understand its owner? Are there any other animals that can understand their owners and become god friends of human beings?l If you have a dog, what kind of dog do you like to have? Choose appropriate expressions from below.Pre-reading Tasksl Humans need dogs to serve quite different purposes: hunting, guiding, keeping home, educating children, looking fashionable or mere companionship.l Could you rearrange the following words into two groups according to their emotional coloring (commendatory or derogatory):docile; aggressive; obedient; fierce; submissive; atrocious; faithfull docile: compliant, tame, obedient, submissivel obedient: dutifully complying with the commands, orders, or instructions of one in authorityl submissive: inclined or willing to submitl faithful: Adhering firmly and devotedly, as to a person, a cause, or an idea; loyal.l aggressive: inclined to behave in a hostile fashionl fierce: having a savage and violent nature; ferocious.l atrocious: extremely evil or cruel; monstrous1 tendl vi. be apt or inclined (to action, quality, or to do)I tend to be optimistic about this matter.l vt. to take care of, look after (invalid person, animals)Tending a sick baby requires extraordinary patience and love.l tendency: n. inclination2 awarel a. conscious, having knowledge (of thing, that)Unfortunately, she was not ware of my devotion to her. Finally, she was aware that it would be stupid to do that.l structure be aware of / that-clausel awareness: n.3 varyl v. to make different; become different (If sth varies, it changes depending on the situation)The results of the experiment varied wildly.Prices vary with the seasons.Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression.l structurevary (with sth) / vary (from sth to sth) / vary (between A and B)l various: a. different, diversel variety: n. diversity4 fromto l from territory to territory: from one nation to anotherl from age to age: from one age to anotherl from coast to coast: across the countryl from day to day: every dayl from door to door: each door in successionl from end to end: from one extremity to the otherl from hand to hand: from one person to another and anotherl from mouth to mouth: from one speaker to anotherl from out to out: in total external length or breadthl from sun to sun: from sunrise to sunset; from day to dayl from time to time: now and then5 representl to be a sign or mark that means sth; to stand for, correspond to, be specimen of, symbolize How many countries are represented at the meeting?X represents the unknown.Wind direction is represented by arrow.l representation: n. representing or being representedl representative: a. typical of a class n. delegate 6 concentratel to bring or come together to one placeModern industry has been concentrated in a few large urban centers.l to employ all ones thought, attention, efforts (on)He believed government should concentrate more on education.l concentration: n, 7 interpretationl n. explaining or explanationThis passage is open to a variety of interpretations. l interpret: v. to explain; make out meaning of; understand in a specified way; believe that sth has a particular meaning; act as interpreter; to translate one language into another as you hear it The election result is being interpreted as a serious setback for the government.We interpreted/translated his silence as a refusal. interpret for sb.l putto endanger Such a hasty decision would put the whole detachment into danger.l put into use: to put to applicationl put into practice: to carry out; realizel put into words: to express by means of language 8 try to do vs. try doingl try to do: to make an effort to do My sister tried to persuade me to buy her a bike.l try doing: to do sth. in order to find out how useful, effective or enjoyable it is Have you ever tried getting on well with him?9 gesturel n. movement to give information or express emotion, attitude or intentionsShe made a impatient gesture with her fist.l v. to use gestures instead of or to reinforce speechShe gestured to me to keep silent.10 breedl v. (of animals) to produce youngSome animals will not breed if they are kept in cages.Those people breed like rabbits.l He breeds tropical fish.l All this uncertainty breeds insecurity.l n. a kind or class of animal or plant usually developed under human influencea strong breed of doga new breed of rose11 all very well: (spoken) good as it were (used to say that sth seems to be a good idea, but is not really possible, helpful or satisfactory) its/thats all very well, but . e.g. Its all very well the doctors telling me Ive got to rest, but whos going to look after my children?12 fit in with: match; suit; agree exactly with; be accepted by; be appropriate, or sensible in relation to sth else; live in an easy and natural way with sb/sthe.g. His plans to take his vacation early in the next month fit in very nicely with mine. His good mood fit in with the joyful occasion.13 end up: be in a particular situation, state, or place after a series of events eventually, esp. when you did not plan it; turn out end up sth/doing sthe.g. This promising young man ended up a total loser in life. At first they hated each other, but they ended up getting married. You will end up in debt if you keep on spending money like that. 14 deny: to declare untrue or non-existent; refuse to believe (accept or give) deny sb. sth.e.g. He denied knowing the plan. Parents should not deny their children any lawful right. 15 all too: very; much more than is desirablee.g. It ended all too soon. These scenes of violence are all too familiar. 16 force sth on/upon sb: to compel sb to do sth e.g. We did not want the war, but it was forced on us by the Japanese. 17 keep away: to prevent from coming near; to remain absent or at a distance e.g. Keep away from suspicious strangers. To keep away evil spirits, many Chinese hang a mirror right above their front door. 18 desperate: a desperate situation is extremely bad, serious or dangerouse.g. a desperate illness/shortage/situation 绝症/奇缺/危局desperate for sth / to do sth: needing or wanting something very muche.g. He was so desperate for a job.A revisionl be aware of: realize He was fully aware of the gravity of the situation. l vary from.to: become different from.toIntelligence Quotient (IQ) varies from person to person. l end up: finally reach the state (of ) This high-rank government officer ended up in prison. l force on: impose on They must not force their will upon me. l desperate: leaving no or little room for hope Desperate disease must have desperate remedies. l companionship: state of being companions His life has been spent in the companionship of the sea. Notice that choosing (rather than “to choose”) is used after for because reason requires a for prepositional phrase. The -ing phrase has any animal as its subject. N + V-ing as a noun phrase is common in English. Here are more examples.Do you remember the students and teacher protesting against the new rule? I did not know about the weather being so awful in this area.My forgetting her name was embarrassing. Key Structure 1. so that2. nothing.more3. It is all very well ., but .4. although + adverbial phrasel And these sounds vary fr