初一英语人教版下册知识点内容.doc

初一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 1、 Where is your pen pal from?课前预习资料学习目标 1. To talk about where people are from . 2. To talk about countries , cities , and languages . 3. To get some knowledge about geography in English . 4. To get information about different cultures .学习内容 A. 主要句型： 1. Where is your pen pal from ? 你的笔友来自哪里？ 2. She is from Mexico. 她来自墨西哥。 3. Where does she live ? 她住在什么地方？ 4. She lives in Mexico City . 她住在墨西哥城。 5. What language does she speak ? 她讲什么语言？ 6. She speaks English and Spanish . 她讲英语和西班牙语。 7. Does she speak French ? 她讲法语吗？ B. 主要词汇： Countries : Brazil , South Korea , Japan , The United States , Canada , Australia , Mexico , Argentina , China , The United Kingdom , France , Germany , New Zealand Languages : Chinese , Japanese , German , French , English , Spanish , Portuguese , KoreanOther words : pal , pen pal , south , country , New York , Rio de Janeiro , Tokyo , live , language , easy , step , beginner , advanced , conversational , introduce , written , world , Ottawa , place , physics , enjoy , frequency , nationality , dislike 难点解析 1. To ask about where people are from . 询问人们来自哪里。 a. be from “来自” （1）Where is your pen pal from ? “你的笔友来自哪里？” （2）Mary and Tony are from the United States . “Mary 和Tony来自美国。” （3）Im / I am from China . “我来自中国。” b. come from “来自” （1）Where do you come from ? “你来自什么地方？” （2）Where does your pen pal come from ? “你的笔友来自哪里？” （3）My pen pal comes from Korea . “我的笔友是韩国人。” （4）They come from Russia . “他们来自俄罗斯。” 2. To ask about what languages people speak . 询问人们讲什么语言。 （1）What language do you speak ? 你讲什么语言？ （2）I speak Chinese . 我讲汉语。 （3）What language does your pen pal speak ? 你的笔友讲什么语言？ （4）He speaks Japanese and a little English . 他讲日语，也讲一点英语。 注意：“说”某种语言，要用“speak”. 不能用其他的动词。 3. To ask about where people live . 询问人们居住地。 （1）Where do you live ? 你住在哪里？ I live in Beijing . 我住在北京。 （2）Where does your pen friend live ? 你的笔友住在什么地方？ She lives in Washington . 她住在华盛顿。 注意：表示在某个城市，介词用“in” 如：in New York in Tokyo in Mexico City 4. I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports . like“喜欢”，后多跟动词ing形式。 如：I like listening to music ! My father likes watching TV. Boys like playing balls. 5. Can you write to me soon ? 你可以快些给我写信吗？ write to sb . “给某人写信” I write to my pen pal twice （两次）a month . 我每月给我的笔友写两次信。 Sometimes I write to my parents . 6. I enjoy physics class at school . enjoy “非常喜欢”，指可以从中得到乐趣。 e.g. I enjoy listening to classical music . 听古典音乐是种享受。 He enjoys his meals . 他非常满意饭菜。课后复习资料一短语：1 be from = come from 来自于- 2 live in 居住在- 3 on weekends 在周末4 write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人 5 in the world 在世界上 6.in China 在中国 7pen pal 笔友8. 14 years old 14岁 9.favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 10the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽11speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎12go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二重点句式： 1 Wheres your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.初一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 2、Wheres the post office?课前预习资料学习目标 ：1、掌握表示地点的词汇；2、掌握where 引导的特殊疑问句；3、能够简单地描述地点方位；4、能够画出简单的示意图。语言目标学习策略与思维技巧重点词汇1掌握表示地点的词汇和短语：hotel, bank, park, supermarket, street, avenue, new, clean, quiet, big, small, dirty, old, busy, left, right, near, pay phone, post office, video arcade, next to, pay phone, across from, betweenand, turn left / right, go straight, take a walk, excuse me, go through, take a taxi, arrive at2掌握where引导的特殊疑问句；3能够简单地描述地点方位；4能够画出简单的示意图；5. There be句型以及where句型的问答。重点和难点1. 重点：问路和指路。句型：Is there a near hear/ in the neighborhood? Go straight and turn left/right. Its down on the left/right.2. 难点：要使学生能在看地图给他人指路时，把自己设身处地地放到地图当中去，不然很难搞清楚何为左何为右。同时要熟练掌握指路时的几个重点句子，能举一反三。 课后复习资料一 Asking ways: (问路)1 Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？2 Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？3 How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达呢？4 Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？5 Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？二Showing the ways: （指路）1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。5. Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）三词组1. across from 在的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. betweenand 在和之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树。in the front of 在（内）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。5. behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边 on ones left/right 在某人的左/右边 on my left在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along沿着（街道 down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近 10 welcome to 欢迎来到11. take /have a walk 散步 12. the beginning of 的开始,前端 at the beginning of 在的开始,前端 in the beginning 起初，一开始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快 我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快 15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank. reach +地方 17go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street横过马路go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest穿过树林18on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street三重难点解析1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事 I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。 到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。2hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。 hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。 （从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。 If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。四本单元的反义词、近义词配对1、newold 2、 quiet- busy 3 、dirty- clean 4 、big- small初一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 3、 Why do you like koalas?课前预习资料一、学习目标谈论自己的喜好询问他人的喜好能够谈论喜爱某种动物的理由二、学习向导语言目标：使用like的一般现在时句型，使用like的一般现在时的疑问句，并作肯定与否定回答。学会使用What animals do you like ? I like koalas .Why do you like koalas ?Because theyre cute .重点词汇：Zoo , animal , tiger , elephant , koalas , dolphin , panda , lion , penguin , giraffe , smart , cute , kind of跨学科学习了解自然，熟知更多的动物，保护动物。三、重点句型Why do you like pandas ?Because theyre very cute .Why does he like koalas ?Because theyre kind of interesting .What animals do you like ?I like elephants .课后复习资料一重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat nightin the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pandas? Because theyre very clever.2. Why does he like koalas? Because theyre kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too. Why? Because theyre friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. Shes very shy. 7. He is from Australia. 8He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.9He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 10Lets see the pandas first. 11Theyre kind of interesting.12What other animals do you like? 13Why do you want to see the lions?三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点，稍微 Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。 kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的 all kinds of We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲 China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。 There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的 它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。 The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟，同，和在一起 I usually play chess with my father. 注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和一起玩耍”“玩”I often play with my pet dog. Dont play with water!5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。 通常说in the day, during the day, at night。 Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子 复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wifewives, wolfwolves, knifeknives，scarf-scarfs(scarves)等。7、hour n. 小时；点钟 hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。 There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自 be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much meat He eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草， 为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。 There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：Whats your grandfathers telephone number?你爷爷的电话号码是多少？Who is that boy with big eyes?那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节？When is he going to play the piano?他什么时候弹钢琴？Where does he live?他住在哪儿？ How are you?你好吗？ How old are you?你多大了？How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有几个兄弟姐妹？2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日？Which man is your teacher? 哪位男士是你的老师？我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。例如：I like English. What/How about you?我喜欢英语。你呢？What about playing basketball?打篮球怎么样？一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 4、I want to be an actor课前预习资料学习目标：1. 知识目标1)词汇：doctor, reporter, police officer, waiter, bank clerk, sales assistant, dangerous2)句型： What does he do? He is a waiter.What do you want to be? I want to be an actor.Where does he work? He works at a bank.2.能力目标: 谈论有关职业的话题. 为将来踏入社会求职打下基础.3.情感目标: 热爱学习, 以便将来在各自不同的岗位上为建设祖国做出贡献。重点、难点1. 重点1) -What do you do? -I am a reporter.2) -What does he do? -He is a student.3) -What do you want to be? -I want to be an actor.4) -What does he want to be? -He wants to be a bank clerk.2. 难点一般现在时态的概念和用法: 当主语用第三人称单数时, 谓语动词的相应变化。课后复习资料一短语：1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 / 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天 6 at night 在晚上 7 talk with/ to sb 和-谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院 10 work/ study hard 努力工 11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二重点句式及注意事项： 1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what； 有三种主要句式 What + is / are + sb? Eg. What is your mother? What + does/ do + sb + do? Eg. What does his brother do? What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job? Eg . what is your job?2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. Im very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work?7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三 本单元中的名词复数。1 policeman-policemen 2 woman doctor-women doctors 3 thief-thieves 4.apple tree-apple trees初一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 5、 Im watching TV课前预习资料1.语言知识：本单元要求掌握以下词汇（phone, mall, movies, sound, show, boring, library, soccer. watch TV, do homework, eating dinner, talking on the phone)语言功能：学会读、写一篇有关人们正在运动的短文。语言结构（日常交际用语）：What are you / they doing?Im / Were/ Theyre watching TV.Is he/ she watching TV?Yes, he/ she is. /No, he/ she isnt.2. 语言技能：（1）能用现在进行时的各种形式进行准确的描述和表达正在发生的动作。（2）能掌握现在进行时态及一些表示具体动作的词组搭配，如：watch TV, read books, play soccer, talk with/ to , be boring, go to the movies, want to do sth.等。（3）能在日常生活中恰当理解和运用本单元的话题范围内的单词和习惯用语。3、学习策略：通过本单元的教学，我要求学生能通过上下文内在的逻辑联系，或在观察别人的行为和活动时能用现在进行时来准确地表达所发生或进行的动作。4、情感态度：通过对本单元的任务性活动，我的目的是能培养同学间的友好相处，规范自己的行为，同时能提高他们的观察能力和判断能力，激发他们对学习英语的兴趣和热情，在接近生活常态的交际中能乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。5、文化意识：了解西方人是如何表达或描述正在进行的动作。课后复习资料一现在进行时现在进行时的用法 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作现在进行时时间状语及标志性词now 现在 at the moment 现在look 看（后面有明显的“！”） listen 听（后面有明显的“！”） 现在分词的构成 一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg: gogoing look-looking 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。Eg: writewriting close-closing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing.Eg: getgetting runrunning ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin) 现在进行时的构成肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状. Eg: He is doing his homework now.否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. Eg: He is not doing his homework now.一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状？Eg: Is he doing his homework now?肯定回答：Yes,主语 +am/is/are Eg Yes, he is.否定回答：No, 主语+am not/isnt/arent Eg: No, he isnt.二短语：1do ones homework 做某人的作业 do housework 做家务2talk on the phone 在电话里交谈， talk about谈论 talk to(with)sb 和某人交谈3write a letter 写信 write a letter to sb 给某人写信4play with 和一起玩 5watch TV看电视 TV show 电视节目6wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物 7some of 中的一些8in the first photo 在第一张照片里（介词用in,序数词前面有the）in the last photo 在最后一张照片里 a photo of ones family 某人的家庭照片9at the mall 在购物街 at/in the library 在图书室 at/in the pool 在游泳池10read a book = read books = do some reading看书阅读11thanks for = thank you for为某事而感谢（后接动词要用ving）三 重点句式及注意事项： 1 他正在干什么？ What is he doing? 他正在吃饭。He is eating dinner.他正在哪里吃饭？Where is he eating dinner他正在家里吃饭。He is eating dinner at home.2 你想什么时候去？When do you want to go? 让我们六点钟去吧。Lets go at six oclock.3 他正在等什么？ What is he waiting for? 他正在等公交车。 He is waiting for a bus.4 他们正在和谁说话？ Who are they talking with?他们正在和Miss Wu说话。They are talking with Miss Wu.5 你们正在谈论什么？ What are you talking about?我们正在谈论天气。We are talking about the weather.6 他们都正在去上学。They are all going to school.7这儿是一些我的照片。Here are some of my photos.这儿是一些肉。 Here is some of meat.(some of meat不可数，故用is)8谢谢你帮我买这本书。 Thank you for helping me buy this book.9family 家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。His family has a shower. 他们家有一个淋浴。His family are watching TV. 他全家在看电视。初一英语人教版下册知识点内容Unit 6、 Its raining!课前预习资料学习目标：1学会描述并谈论天气2描述正在发生的事情-学习现在进行时的用法3学会描述在不同的天气背景下能做什么4. 表达自己对天气的喜好并说明原因语言功能：描述天气，描述正在发生的动作语言目标：Hows the weather? Its raining.Hows it going? Its great.Is Aunt Sarah there? Yes, she is.Whats she doing? Shes cooking. 语言结构：How 引导的特殊疑问句Yes/ No 问句及简短回答现在进行时的用法重点词汇：raining, sunny, cloudy, snowing, windy, cold, hot, cool, warm, humid, cooking, playing, watching, studying学习策略与思维技巧：言语配合，调用已知信息多元智能：人际交往，逻辑表述，肢体表达能力课后复习资料一短语：1 take photos/ pictures照像 2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth给某人或某物照相3 have a good timehave funhave a great tame 玩得愉快 4 work for sb / sth为某人工作 Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTVs Around The World show5 on vacation度假 Eg: There are many people here on vacation.6 someothers一些另外一些 onethe others一个另一个（两者之间）Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others ar