U1-U4语法复习

U1-U4语法复习U1语法1.some/anysome意为“一些，有些”，常在肯定句中作主语，宾语或定语。作定语时，既可以修饰复数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。Shewantssomerice.Ihavesomebooks.(2012贵阳) Itspolitetotake_flowersasagiftwhenyougotovisitafriend.A.little B.any C.someany意为“任何，一些”，常用在否定和疑问句中，也可以用在条件状语从句中，作定语时既可以修饰复数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。eg:Haveyougotanypaper?Therearentanytreeshere.Ifyouhaveanywater,pleasegivemesome. Theyneedsomemoreworkersandmoneytobuildthebridge.(改为否定句) Theydontneed_moreworkers_moneytobuildthebridge.特殊用法：some也可以用于表示请求的疑问句中。eg:CanIhavesomewater?Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?any也可以用在肯定句中，意为“任一”eg:Anymanknowsthat.2：复合不定代词复合不定代词在句中主要作主语，宾语，表语eg:Somethingiswrongwithmycomputer.Imetsomeoneyouknowlastnight.IcantconnectmycomputertotheInternet.Theremustbe_wrongwithit.(2012.上海中考)A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing使用复合不定代词时应注意：(1).一般情况下，由some构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句；由any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句和疑问句；由no构成的复合不定代词表示否定意义eg:Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Icantseeanything.TheresnothingIcando.(2).复合不定代词作主语应视为单数eg:Someoneisknockingatthedoor.(3).形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。eg:Thereissomethinginterestingintodaysnewspaper.Mrs.Brownisnice.Everydayshetriedtocook_formeduringmystayinCanadaA.somethingdifferent B.anythingdifferent C.nothingdifferent语法针对练习一、用some或any填空1.-Arethere_mapsonthewall?-Yes,thereare.2.-Haveyougot_uncles?-Yes,andIhavegot_auntstoo.3.Thereis_meatandfishforlunch.4.Wehaventgot_beef.Letsbuy_.5.-Isthere_cheese?-No,thereisnt_.二、单项选择( )1.Pleasekeepquiet,everybody!Ihave_importanttotellyou. A.nothing B.something C.everything( )2.Theremustbe_wrongwiththeclock.Itdoesntwork. A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything( )3.CCTV-10oftenplays_aroundtheworld.Itcanhelpuslearnmoreaboutnotonlynaturebutalsoculturesandcustoms. A.newsomething B.somethingnew C.anythingnew( )4.Ithink_canmakeAndychangehismind. Heissuchapersonwhonevergivesupeasily. A.something B.everything C.Anything D.nothing( )5.MsWangisanexcellentteacher._inourclasslovesher. A.Someone B.Noone C.Everyone D.Anyone( )6.WhentheGreensmovedintothehouselastweek, _wasatsixesandsevens,sotheydidabigcleaning. A.something B.everything C.Anything D.nothing( )7.Theywereallverytired,but_ofthemtookarest. A.none B.all C.both D.either( )8.IaskedJohnfor_ink,buthedidnthave_. A.any;some B.any;any C.some;any D.some;some( )9.Idonthave_money.Couldyoupleaselendme_? A.any;some B.some;any C.any;any D.some;some( )10.I donthaveapresentformyfriend.Whatif_elsebringsapresent? A.anybodyB.nobodyC.everyone D.none( )11.Lincolncamefromnothing,yethedid_thatchangedtheworld. A.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anything( )12.-HowisHeleninthenewschool?-Sheisdoingverywell. Thereis_ toworryabout. A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything( )13.Thereis_intodayshomework. A.difficultnothingB.difficultanythingC.nothingdifficultD.anythingdifficult( )14.-Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulikebest,Kobe,James,orJordan? -_ofthem.LinShuhaoismyfavorite. A.AllB.noneC.EitherD.Neither.( )15.Lets_forawalk,shallwe? A.togoB.goingC.goD.goneU2语法一、基数词1.基数词的构成-表示数目多少的词叫基数词。(1).1-12独立成词：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。(2).13-19(+teen):thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen。两个音节都要重读。(3).20-90(整十位数+ty):twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety。第一个音节重读。(4).21-99间的两位数，先说“十位”，再说“个位”，中间要加连字符“-”(5).101-999之间的三位数，先说“百位”，再加and,再加末尾两位数。eg:onehundredandoneninehundredandninety-nine 156读作：_ 709读作：_(6).1000以上的大数，使用计数符号，每三位加以逗号，从第一个逗号起单位依次为thousand,million,billion.“万”表达为tenthousand Theroadisover_metreslong.A. sixhundredandfifty-two B.sixhundredsandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-two D.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo【关于基数词的重点与考点：】基数词表示顺序编号时：名词+基数词，此时两个词的首字母都要大些。ClassThreeRoom5LessonOne Now,everyone,pleaseturntoPage_andlookatthe_picture.A. Twelve;fifthB.Twelfth;fifthC.Twelve;fiveD.Twelfth;five确数与概数的表达:确数：基数词+单位+复数名词：twohundredstudents200名学生概数：单位加S+of+复数名词：thousandsofvisitors成千上万的游客“整十加S”用于表示“几十年代”或“某人几十多岁时”Inthe1960s,peoplehadtoleadapoorlife.在20世纪60年代，人们不得不过着贫困的生活。Heinventedmanythingsinhistwenties.他在20多岁时就发明了很多东西。Mygrandmaisinher_(八十多岁), butshecanstilltakecareofherself.二、序数词(1)序数词的构成表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词。序数词大多由基数词变形而成，所以掌握了基数词和基变序的方法，序数词也就简单啦。基变序的方法：基变序，有规律，词尾加上th;一二三，单独记；八减t,九去e;ve变f；遇y变ie,词尾再加th。若遇几十几，只变个位就可以。twenty-two-twenty-second注意：fourfourteenfortyforty-twoninenineteenninetyninety-nine fourthfourteenthfortiethforty-second ninthnineteenthninetiethninety-ninth-Howwasyourweekend?-Great!Itwasmygrandpas_birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.A. seventyB.seventiethC.theseventiethD.seventeenth(2)序数词的考点：序数词表示顺序时,其前要加the,后面接单数名词。Thesecondpictureisverybeautiful.ThefourthstudentcomesfromAmerica. Jackgotthe_(four)placeinthe100-metrerace.表示日期中的“日”,如2013年9月19日，表示为“September19th,2013”;读作：Septemberthenineteenth,twothousandandthirteen序数词的缩写：1st2nd3rd4th20th63rd78th序数词表示编号顺序时：UnitOne=thefirstunitPartTwo=thesecondpart几种特殊数词的表示方法：普通分数：子饥母叙，分子1,分母+S（饥-基，叙-序）eg:1/3:onethird2/3:twothirds1/2:读作ahalf或onehalf1/4读作aquarter或onefourtheg:Twothirdsoftheearthiscoveredbywater.百分比：基数词+percent(percent)2%读作twopercent27%读作twenty-sevenpercenteg:Over25percentofthesurfaceofthegroundiscoveredwithgrass.习惯表达oneandahalfapples=oneappleandahalf一个半苹果halfanapple半个苹果oneortwoapples=oneappleortwo一两个苹果10:30halfpastten10:25twentyfivepastten9:45fifteentoten或aquartertoten三、加减乘除-数字的运算加法：3plus9is/equals12.减法：9minus3is/equals6.乘法：3multipliedby9is/equals27.除法：9dividedby3is/equals3.=:is/equals+:plus-:minus*:multipliedby/:dividedby都是表示加减乘除的介词。用于读出已列的算式。eg:-Whatis2plus3?-2plus3is5.而出题者通常用“加减乘除”的动词原形来开头,构成祈使句,命令做题者。AddAandBSubtractAfromBMultiplyAbyBDivideAbyBIfweadd2to5,wecanget7. Multiply2by3,please. (1)用英语读出下列算式：4+5=9_6*6=36_48-11=37_15/3=5_(2)听口令写出算式并得出结果，再用英语表达出算式。_语法针对练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Tomsmomgavehimanicegiftonhis_(eight)birthday.2.-Whatsthedatetoday?-ItsSeptemberthe_(thirty).3.Mr.Wuaskedhisstudentstoturntothe_(fifty-nine)page.4.Heopeneduphisowncompanyinhis_(twenty).5.Howhappywearelivinginthe_(twenty-one)century!二、根据汉语提示完成句子。1.KateandMaryarein_(三年级五班).2.IwasborninShanghaion_(1999年10月17日).3.ShesbeenawayfromLondonfor_(三天半).4.Itwasalonelyvillagein_(20世纪80年代), butnowtherearemanytallbuildingsinit.5.Takethe_(第二)turningonyourleftandyoullseethemuseum.三、单项选择( )1.Thereare_workersinthisfactory.A.twohundredsandthirty-sixB.twohundreds,thirty-sixC.twohundredandthirty-sixD.twohundred,thirty-six( )2.Thereare_monthayear.Decemberisthe_monthoftheyear.A. twelve;twelveB.twelfth;twelveC.twelve;twelfthD.twelfth;twelfth( )3.-CouldyoutellmewhenConfuciusbegantoteach?-Sure.Hebegantoteachwhenhewasinhisthirties.(划线同义替换)A. atthirtyB.morethanthirtyC.thirtyD.attheageofthirty( )4.-Whatsthetimenow?-Its_.A.tenoclockB.ThursdayC.June15D.morning( )5.-Whatclassareyouin?-Imin_.A.classnineB.class9C.ClassnineD.ClassNine四、链接中考1.Ourteamwonthe_(第二)placeinthecompetition.2.TinacomplainsthatwaitingforSallyalways_(make)herangry.( )3.Readingmorehelps_learnbetter.A.weB.ourC.usD.ours( )4.-Wellgoforapicnicifit_thisSunday.-Wishyoualovelyweekend.A.rainB.DoesntrainC.Wontrain( )5.Weneedsomemorecoffee.Thereisonly_left.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.alittleD.afew( )6.-Iwonthavetimetogoshoppingwithyouthisafternoon.-Butyou_meyesterday.A.orderedB.mentionedC.promisedD.knew( )7.Thelittlegirlistooshorttoreachtheorangeonthetable.Thelittlegirlisnt_toreachtheorangeonthetable.( )8.Weplanted_treeslastyear.A.hundredsofB.hundredofC.fivehundredsD.fivehundredof( )9.-Excuseme,whichisthewaytothemuseum?-Sorry,Idontknow.Thisismy_timehere.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.four( )10.-IhearyourfriendisvisitingSanYaagain.Isitthesecondtimeforhim?-Yes,andhewillcomefor_timenextspring.A.athirdB.asecondC.thethird( )11.The_actionfilmhasattractedmillionsofyoungpeopletothecinema.A.130-minuteB.130-minutesC.130minuteD.130minutes( )12.Ifa=3,b=4,whatistheanswertothequestiona+2ab+1=?A.Twenty-eightB.Twenty-eighthC.ThirteenD.Eighteen( )13.-Whatwouldyoulike,sir?-_.A.TwopopB.TwobottlesPopC.TwobottlesofPopD.TwobottleofPop( )14.-Thisis_secondbookIvereadtoday.-Areyougoingtoread_thirdone?A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the( )15._ofthelandinthatdistrict_coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifths;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifth;isD.Twofifths;are( )16._ofthestudentsinourclassis50and_ofthemareboys.A.Thenumber;twothirdsB.Anumber;threequartersC.Anumber;ahalfD.Thenumber;firstthirds( )17.当我们购物时，应该带上自己的布袋而不是使用塑料袋。Weshouldtakeourownclothbagswhenshopping_usingplasticbags.( )18.“10月1日”的正确读法是_.A.OctoberthefirstB.OctoberNo.oneC.OctoberoneD.Octoberfirstone( )19.Helefthometown_.A.whenhethirtiesB.inthethirtiesC.inhisthirtiesD.atthirties( )20.Thenumber2,548isreadas_.A.twothousandandfivehundredsandfortyandeightB.twothousand,fivehundredandforty-eightC.twothousand,fivehundredsandforty-eightD.fivehundredandfivehundredandforty-eightU3语法常考知识点一:形容词的比较级和最高级的构成（1） .以不发音的e结尾，直接加-r或-st:nicenicernicestlargelargerlargest（2） .以辅字母+y结尾的，变y为i，再加-er或-est:easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest（3） .以“辅元辅”结尾的，双写末尾字母，再加-er或-est:bigbiggerbiggest 常见的还有：thin,fat,wet,red,sadhothotterhottest（4）.不规则变化：goodbetterbestmany/muchmoremost(好坏多少远老)badworseworstlittle(少)lessleastfarfartherfarthestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest（5）.其他较短的单词，直接在词尾加-er或-est。smallsmallershortshorter（6）.对于较长的单词，在其前加more，most即可。popularmorepopularthemostpopulardeliciousmoredeliciousthemostdelicious 1.ThisT-shirtisnotlargeenough.Pleaseshowmea_one.A.largeB.largerC.largest 2.Sheisthe_(good)studentinherclass.注意：下列词为易错，fewfewernewnewernewestclevercleverertiredmoretiredpleasedmorepleased常考知识点二:含有比较级的句型结构1) Ais.thanB:A比B更.Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.2) Adosth.thanB:A比B更.Heworksharderthanus. Chinahasbecomemuch_(strong)thanbefore.Weareproudofher.3)Which/Whois.,AorB?“A和B哪个/谁更.?”4).and.越来越.Whenspringcomes,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.5)moreandmore.“越来越.”Thesongisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Manypeopleprefertravelbyplane.Theythinkaplaneisfasterand_(safe)thanatrain.6)the.,the.“越.就越.”Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Themoreyouhave,themoreyouwant.-CanyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?-Itsverysimple._youwork,_gradesyouwillget.A. Theharder,thebestB.Thehard,thebetterC.Harder,betterD.Theharder,thebetter常考知识点三：比较级的修饰语当强调比较级的程度时，可以在形容词(或副词)的前面使用much,alittle,alot,even,still等。注意：quiet,so,very,enough这些词后面不能接比较级。只能接原级。Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.Myappleisalittlebiggerthanyours. Thefirstcomputerswerebuiltinthe1940s.Theywereeven_(big)thancars.使用形容词比较级时的三个注意事项(易错点)：1)比较的对象前后要保持一致。()ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.()ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanBeijing.2)避免将主语包含在比较对象中。()ChinaisbiggerthananycountryinAfrica.()ChinaisbiggerthananyothercountryinAfrica.3)避免重复使用比较级：()Heisclevererthanhisbrother.()Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother. Tomis_(tall)thananyotherplayersintheschoolteam.A. tallB.tallerC.tallestD.moretaller常考知识点四：形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级用于三者及以上的比较，表示在一定范围内“最.”。范围通常用in/of/among.来表达。形容词的常考句型：1)Aisthe.in.Heisthetallestinhisclass.或Aisthe.of.Heisthetallestofthethreeboys.或Aisthe.among.Heisthetallestamongthethreeboys.Breakfastis_mealoftheday.Itprovidesuswithenergyafteralongnightwithoutfood.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportantD.veryimportant2)Aisoneofthe最高级+复数名词 A是最.的之一JayChouisoneofthemostpopularsingersinTaiwan.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.【中考题】-Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmyousawyesterday?-Oh!Itsoneof_filmsIveeverseen.A.Interesting B.moreinteresting C.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting3)Aisthefirst最高级+复数名词 A是第一最.的.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestriverinourcountry.【中考题】印度是世界上第二人口大国。Indiahasthe_populationintheworld.4)Which/Whoisthe.,A,BorC? A,B和C，哪个/谁最.?Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?Whoisthethinnest,Kate,TomorMike?语法针对练习一、根据汉语意思，完成句子。1.我们的家乡变得越来越美丽了。Ourhometownisgetting_.2.在考试中，你越细心，出的错就越少。Intheexam,_youare,_mistakesyoullmake.3. 冬天，深圳的天气比北京的天气暖和。 TheweatherinShenzhenis_inBeijinginwinter.4.红色的那条裙子比蓝色的那条贵。Theredskirtis_thantheblueone.5. 这架相机是三架相机中最便宜的。Thiscamerais_ofthethree.6.上海中国最大的城市之一。Shanghaiisoneof_citiesinChina.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Whichis_(big),thesunortheearth?2.Thissongis_(popular)thanthatone,Ithink.3.TheYellowRiveristhesecond_(long)riverinChina.4.LiMingisoneof_(good)studentsinourclass.5.Tom,youaretoofat!Youmusttake_(much)exerciseandeat_(little)meat.三、单项选择1.