日本落叶松论文：北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林立地分类与质量评价.doc

日本落叶松论文：北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林立地分类与质量评价【中文摘要】本研究对北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林进行了立地类型划分,并实现了有林地与无林地立地质量的统一评价。以期为北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林科学育林,合理经营,降低木材生产成本和营林投资,提高森林经营的各种效益,提供理论支撑。研究结果如下:1、立地分类研究运用数量化理论,采用偏相关系数、方差比和得分范围3个指标作为判定因子贡献率大小的主要依据,确定了北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林生长的主导立地因子是海拔、坡度和土层厚度,其次是坡向和坡位。根据综合多因子分析与主导因子分级组合的方法,将北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林划分了48个立地类型。2、数量化立地质量得分表与评分表的编制采用数量化理论,建立了数量化立地指数方程。将数量化立地指数方程转化为数量化立地质量得分表,并在其基础上编制了数量化立地质量评分表。二者均通过2检验,表明可以在实际中使用。运用数量化立地质量评分表可以实现有林地与无林地(宜林地)的统一评价。并且将48个立地类型划分为优、良、中、差4个立地等级,分别用、表示。北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林立地质量等级绝大部分处于中等以上。3、立地指数表的编制采用最新森林经理二类调查数据,运用51块固定标准地作为检验样本,建立了林分平均树高与林分优势木平均树高之间的回归方程。运用该回归方程,将林分平均树高值转换为林分优势木平均树高,然后用林分优势木平均树高值,拟合了立地指数导向曲线方程;采用比例调整法,生成立地指数曲线簇和立地指数表。4、土壤养分在立地评价中的应用经过相关分析,立地指数与速效N、速效P、速效K、全N、全P、全K及有机质呈正相关,而PH与立地指数负相关。用立地指数做因变量,海拔、土层厚度、坡向、坡度、坡位等物理环境因子,以及速效氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾、有机质和PH值等化学因子做自变量,经过回归分析,得出立地指数与立地因子的回归方程。采用该回归方程,可以方便地计算出某一立地的立地指数。【英文摘要】In order to provide theory support of choosing the most productive tree species, proposing appropriate forest cultivation measures, estimating forest management benefit, reducing timber production cost and forest investment. Site type of artifical forest of Larix kaempferi was devided in north sub-tropical Medium high area. Forestedland and non-rorestedland could be evaluated together. The results were as follows:1. Reaserch of site classificationUsing quantification theory, and judge factor contribution according to the partial correlation, coefficients variance and scoring range as three main indexes. It is concluded that altitude, slope degree and thickness of soil layer are the dominant site factors, slope position and directin are secondly dominant site factors in Northern sub-tropical Medium high area. Forty eight site types were devided on the basis of comprehensive factors, classification and combination of dominant factors.2. Formation of quantitative site quality score tableThe quantitative site index equation is construducted using quantitative theory. Transform the quantitative site index equation into quantitative site quality score table. Both of them have passed chi-square test, it is showed that they can be used in practice. Using the quantitative site quality score table can evaluate forest land, non-forest land and suitable forests land uniformly. The forty site types were devided into four site quality classes: excellent, good, middle and poor.3. Formation of site index tableRrgression function between stand average tree height and dominant tree height was constructed using the latest second-class investigation data of forest management. Transform stand average tree height into dominant tree height according to the regression function, then fit site index curve by the dominant tree height values. Site index curves and site index table were established by using of ratio adjustment.4. Application of soil nutrient in site evaluation Site index is positive correlation with available N, P, K, total N, P, K, OM; but negative correlation with PH. The regression function of site index was obtained by regression analysis using altitude , soil thickness, slope position, slope direction, slope degree, available N, P, K, total N, P, K, OM and PH. Site index can be calculated conveniently on the basis of regression function.【关键词】日本落叶松 立地分类 立地质量 立地指数【英文关键词】Larix kaempferi site classification site quality site index【目录】北亚热带中山区日本落叶松人工林立地分类与质量评价摘要5-7Abstract7-8第一章 绪论14-261.1 引言141.2 立地分类研究现状及评述14-191.2.1 植被因子途径15-161.2.2 环境因子途径16-181.2.3 综合多因子途径18-191.3 立地质量评价研究现状及评述19-221.3.1 直接评价法19-211.3.2 间接评定方法21-221.4 林木生长与立地因子间关系的研究方法22-231.4.1 主成分分析法221.4.2 典型相关分析22-231.4.3 逐步回归分析法231.4.4 数量化分析法231.4.5 通径分析231.5 研究的主要内容及技术路线23-261.5.1 研究内容23-251.5.2 技术路线25-26第二章 研究区域概况及数据的收集26-332.1 研究区域概况26-282.1.1 地理位置262.1.2 地形地貌262.1.3 气候条件26-272.1.4 土壤条件272.1.5 植物资源27-282.2 数据的收集与整理28-332.2.1 固定样地设置282.2.2 固定样地调查28-292.2.3 二类调查资料样本的提取292.2.4 数据整理29-33第三章 立地类型划分33-413.1 研究方法33-353.1.1 立地分类的依据33-343.1.2 立地因子的分级标准确定34-353.1.3 主导立地因子的筛选353.1.4 原始数据反应表的编制353.2 结果与分析35-403.2.1 主导立地因子的筛选35-383.2.2 立地类型的划分38-403.3 结论与讨论40-41第四章 日本落叶松人工林立地质量评价41-594.1 用数量化立地质量得分表评价立地质量41-464.1.1 数量化立地质量方程的建立41-424.1.2 数量化立地质量得分表的编制42-444.1.3 数量化立地质量评价表的编制44-464.2 用立地指数法评价立地质量46-554.2.1 资料的整理46-484.2.2 导向曲线的拟合48-504.2.3 标准年龄