施工英语部分表达.doc

1.5单层钢结构安装施工工艺Installation Process Steel monolayer（1） 基础 Foundation建筑物的定位轴线、基础轴线和标高、地脚螺栓的规格及其紧固应符合设计要求。基础顶面直接作为柱的支承面和基础顶面预埋钢板或支座作为柱支承面时，其支承面、地脚螺栓（锚栓）位置的允许偏差应符合规范的规定。Axis positioning buildings, infrastructure and elevation axes, anchor bolt fastening should conform to the specifications and design requirements. Top - directly as a basis and foundation of the bearing surface as the top-embedded steel bearings or bearing surface, the supporting surface, the anchor bolt (Anchor) position should be consistent with the allowable deviation of norms.（2） 构件 Components钢构件应符合设计要求和规范的规定。运输、堆放和吊装等造成的钢构件变形及涂层脱落，应进行矫正和修补。Steel components should comply with the design requirements and norms. Transport, storage and loading of the steel components, such as deformation and peeling coating, repair and should be corrected.（3） 顶紧接触面 The top tight contact设计要求顶紧的节点，接触面不应少于70%紧贴，且边缘最大间隙不应大于0.8.Top tight design requirements of the node, not less than 70% of close contact, and the gap should not exceed 0.8 mm greatest risk.（4） 垂直度和侧弯曲 Vertical and lateral bending钢屋架的垂直度和侧向弯曲的允许偏差应符合规范的规定.Vertical and lateral bending of the steel roof of the deviation should be allowed to meet the norms.（5） 主体结构尺寸 The size of the main structure主体结构的整体垂直度和整体平面弯曲的允许偏差应符合规范的规定.Verticality and the main structure of the overall total deviation should be allowed to meet the plane bending norms.（6） 地脚螺栓精度 Anchor bolt precision地脚螺栓（锚栓）尺寸的偏差应符合规范的规定.地脚螺栓的螺纹应受到保护.Anchor Bolt (Anchor), the error should be consistent with the size norms. Thread the anchor bolt should be protected.（7） 标记 Marker钢柱等主要构件的中心线及标高基准点等标记应齐全.Steel and other major components such as marking the centerline and elevation benchmarks should be complete.（8）梁、柱、檩条等安装精度Beams and columns, purlines installation accuracy梁、柱、檩条的安装的允许偏差应符合规范的规定。Beams and columns and purlines deviation should be allowed to meet the norms.（9）平台等安装精度Platforms installation accuracy钢平台、钢梯、栏杆安装等应符合现行国家标准固定式钢直梯（GB4053.1）、固定式钢斜梯（GB4053.2）、固定式防护栏杆、（GB4053.3）和固定式钢平台（GB4053.4）的规定.钢平台、钢梯和防护栏杆安装的允许偏差应符合规范的规定。Steel platforms, ladders, railings installation should comply with the national standard fixed straight staircase (GB4053.1), fixed steel ladder(GB4053.2), a permanent protective railings， (GB4053.3) and the fixed steel platform(GB4053.4). Steel platform, and the installation of protective railings maximum deviation should be allowed to meet the norms.（10）现场组对精度Precision Group to the scene现场焊缝组对间隙的允许偏差应符合规范的规定。Weld scene deviation should allow the group to meet clearance norms.（11）结构表面Surface structure钢结构表面应干净，结构主要表面不应有疤痕、泥沙等污垢。Steel surface should be clean, not a scar on the major surface structures, such as silt dirt.1.6压型金属板安装施工工艺Pressed metal plate Installation Process（1） 压型金属板进场Pressed metal plate approach金属压型板及制造金属压型板所采用的原材料,其品种、规格、性能等应符合现行国家产品标准和设计要求。压型金属泛水板、包角板、和零配件的品种、规格以及防水密封材料的性能应符合现行国家产品标准和设计要求。Metal plate and metal plate used in the manufacture of raw materials, varieties and specifications, and other products should be consistent with existing national standards and design requirements. Pressed metal pan of water boards, Angle plates, and a variety of spare parts, and sealing materials specifications should conform to the performance of existing national product standards and design requirements.（2） 基板裂纹Substrate cracks压型金属板成型后，其基板不应有裂纹。Pressing sheet metal forming, its substrate should be crack.（3） 涂（镀）层缺陷Coating errors有涂层、镀层的压型金属板成型后，涂、镀层不应有肉眼可见的裂纹、剥落和擦痕等缺陷。A coating, the coating - pressure molding of sheet metal, the coating should be visible to the naked eye, cracked concrete and scratches error.（4）现场安装Field Installation压型金属板、泛水板和包角板等应固定可靠、牢固，防腐涂料涂刷和密封材料敷设完好，连接件数量、间距应符合设计要求和国家现行有关标准规定。Pressed metal plates, the water board and the whole board should be fixed angle reliable, strong, anti-corrosion coatings and sealing material coating installation intact, connector size, spacing and the state should comply with the design requirements of the standard.（5）搭接Lap压型金属板应在支承构件上可靠搭接，搭接长度应符合设计要求且不应小于规范的数值。Pressing sheet metal components in supporting reliable lap, lap length comply with design requirements and should not be less than the numerical standards.（6） 端部锚固Anchorage end组合楼板中压型板与主体结构（梁）的连接，其锚固支承长度应符合设计要求且应小于50，端部锚固件连接应可靠，设置位置应符合设计要求。Floors were plate with the main structure (beam) link, the length of anchor support should comply with the design requirements and should be less than 50 mm, will be a reliable link anchor pieces, location should meet the design requirements.（7） 压型金属板精度Pressure-precision sheet metal压型金属板的尺寸及允许偏差、表面质量、涂层质量等应符合设计要求和规范的规定。Pressed metal plate size and allow deviation, surface quality, quality coating should comply with the design requirements and norms.（8） 轧制精度Rolling accuracy压型金属板的尺寸允许偏差应符合规范的规定。压型金属板施工现场制作的允许偏差符合规范的规定。Pressed metal plates the size of deviation should be allowed to meet norms. Pressure produced by the metal plates to allow the construction site with a standard deviation requirements.（9） 表面质量Surface Quality压型金属板成型后，表面应干净 ，不应有明显的凹凸和皱褶。Pressing sheet metal forming, the surface should be clean, there should be clear and convex fold.（10） 安装质量Installation Quality压型金属板安装应平整、顺直，板面不应有施工残留物和污物。檐口和墙下端应呈直线，不应有未经处理的错钻孔洞。Pressure should be the formation of metal plates installed, straight, there should be no construction of the plate surface residue and dirt. Eave wall and the bottom should shoot and should not be handled without drilling holes in the wrong.（11） 安装精度Installation accuracy压型金属板安装的允许偏差应符合规范的规定。Pressure to allow the installation of metal plates with a standard deviation should be required1.7防腐涂料涂装施工工艺Anticorrosion coating Construction Technology1.7.1工艺流程Process基面清理底漆涂装面漆涂装检查验收Surface cleaning upPainting PrimerPaintingInspection and acceptance1.7.2基层清理Surface cleaning up建筑钢结构工程的油漆涂装应在钢结构安装验收合格后进行.油漆涂刷前,应将需涂装部位的铁锈、焊缝药皮、焊接飞溅物、油污、尘土等杂物清理干净。基面清理除锈质量的好坏，直接关系到涂层质量的好坏。因此涂装工艺的基面除锈质量分为一级和二级，见表5-25的规定Paint steel construction project after acceptance in the installation of steel. Paint coating, should take the rust coating parts, weld coating, welding spatter materials, oil, dust and other debris cleared. Surface cleaning up derusting quality has a direct bearing on the quality of the coating. Thus the base coating process is divided into primary and secondary derusting quality, the table 5-25 钢结构除锈质量等级（表5-25）Derusting quality steel grades (Table 5-25) 等级Grad 质量标准Quality Standards 除锈方法Derusting method1 钢材表面露出金属色泽 喷砂、抛丸、酸洗 Steel exposed metal surface color Sandblasting, peen, pickling2 钢材表面允许存留干净的轧制表皮 一般工具（钢丝刷、砂布）清除Allow the surface to keep skin clean steel rolling General Instruments (wire brush and emery cloth) Elimination 为了保证涂装质量，根据不同需要可以分别用以下除锈工艺喷砂除锈，它是利用压缩空气的压力，连续不断地用石英砂或铁砂冲击钢构件的表面，把钢材表面的铁锈、油污等杂物清理干净，露出金属钢材本色的一种除锈方法。这种方法效率高，除锈彻底，是比较先进的除锈工艺。人工除锈，是由人工用一些比较简单的工具，如刮刀、砂轮、砂布、钢丝刷等工具，清除钢构件上的铁锈。这种方法工作效率低，劳动条件差，除锈也不彻底。To ensure the quality of coating, according to the different needs of each of the following can Derusting Sand-blasting, which is using compressed air pressure, worked with quartz sand or steel pellets impact of the component surface, the surface of the rusted steel, oil and other debris to clean up the color of a rust-removing method steel exposed metal. This method is highly efficient, derusting completely rust-removing technology is more advanced. Artificial derusting are some relatively simple manual tools such as Drag and abrasive, emery cloth, and tools such as wire brush to remove rust on the steel members. This approach is inefficient, poor labor conditions, derusting not complete.1.7.3底漆涂装Painting Primer调合红丹防锈漆,控制油漆的粘度、稠度、稀度，兑制时应充分的搅拌，使油漆色泽、粘度均匀一致。刷第一层底漆时涂刷方向应该一致，接搓整齐。刷漆时应采用勤沾、短刷的原则，防止刷子带漆太多而流坠。待第一遍刷完后，应保持一定的时间间隙，防止第一遍未干就上第二遍，这样会使漆液流坠发皱，质量下降。待第一遍干燥后，再刷第二遍，第二遍涂刷方向应与第一遍涂刷方向垂直，这样会使油漆均匀一致。底漆涂装后起码需48H后才能达到表干、表干前不应涂装面漆。Blending Hongdan anti-rust paint, paint control the viscosity, density, rare, the system should be fully covered by mixing, paint color, viscosity uniform. Brush the first layer when brushing paint the same direction, then wake neat. Painting Peregrine adopted when James and the short brush, brush to prevent the flow with too many southbound crash. Brush question groove, the gap should maintain a certain amount of time to prevent the groove was dry on the second time, it would crash fat from the surface flow, the decline in the quality. When groove dry, paint the second time, the second time brushing direction perpendicular direction with bead coating, it would paint uniform. After the primer coating can be applied at least take 48H dry table, Table dry before painting not finish.1.7.4面漆涂装Painting建筑钢结构涂装底漆与面漆一般中间间隙较长.钢结构件涂装防锈漆后送到工地去组装,组装结束后才统一涂装面漆.这样在涂装面漆前需对钢结构表面进行清理,清除安装焊缝焊药,对烧去或碰去漆的构件,还应先补漆.面漆的调制应选择颜色完全一致的面漆,兑制的稀料应适合,面漆使用前应充分搅拌,保持色泽均匀.其工作粘度、稠度应保证涂装时不流坠，不显刷纹。面漆在使用过程中应不断搅和，涂刷的方法和方向与上述工艺相同。涂装工艺采用喷涂施工时，应调整好喷嘴口径、喷涂压力，喷枪胶管能自由拉伸到作业区域，空气压缩机气压应在0.40.7N/m.喷涂时应保持好喷嘴与涂层的距离,一般喷枪与作业面距离应在100左右,喷枪与钢结构基面角度应该保持垂直,或喷嘴略为上倾为宜.喷涂时喷嘴应该平行移动,移动时应平稳,速度一致,保持涂层均匀.但是采用喷涂时,一般涂层厚度 较薄,故应多喷几遍,每层喷涂时应待漆膜已经干燥时进行.Painting primer and finish among the general steel construction space longer. Steel anti-rust paint coating to the work site after the assembly assembly before the end of reunification coating finish. Thus, the steel surface before coating finish screen installed weld removal of medicine, or drop out of the burned out section of the component should first touch-up painting. Topcoat modulation should choose exactly the same color finish, and against the system of rare material should fit, finish mixing before use should be fully maintain uniform color. Its viscosity and consistency to ensure flow coating not crash, no significant brush profile. Topcoat mix in the use of the process should continue, brushing methods and the same direction with the above process. Coating Process spraying construction, we should readjust the nozzle diameter and spraying pressure jet hose to the free operation of regional tension, pressure air compressor in 0.40.7N/m m 2. Spray nozzle and a good coating to keep a distance from the surface in the general Lance with about 100 mm, steel base and Lance vertical angle should be maintained, or slightly tilted suitable nozzle. Spray nozzles should be parallel when moving should be smooth, speed consistency and uniform coating. But when spraying generally thin coating thickness, it should be sprayed several times, and each level should be sprayed coating has been drying time.1.7.5涂层检查与验收Coating inspection and acceptance表面涂装施工时和施工后,应对涂装过的工件进行保护,防止飞扬尘土和其它杂物.涂装后的处理检查,应该是涂层颜色一致,色泽鲜明光亮,不起皱皮,不起疙瘩.涂装漆膜厚度的测定,用触点式漆膜测厚仪一般测定3点厚度,取其平均值.Surface Finishing construction and after construction, painting of the workpiece to deal with protection against dust and other debris floated. Painting the inspections should be coating color, bright color clear, wrinkle-free skin, not knots. Coating thickness of the coating determined using point-3:00 measured the thickness of the coating thickness gauge general, the living1.8钢屋架安装施工工艺Installation of the Steel Frame Technology1.8.1工艺流程Process作业准备屋架组拼屋架安装连接与固定检查验收Ready to work Roof group fightRoof installationJoin and immobility Inspection and acceptance1.8.2安装准备Ready to install复验安装定位所用的轴线控制点和测量标高使用的水准点.放出标高控制线和屋架轴线的吊装辅助线.复验屋架支座及支撑系统的预埋件,其轴线、标高、水平度、预埋螺栓位置及露出长度等，超出允许偏差时，应做好技术处理。检查吊装机械及吊具，按照施工组织设计的要求搭设脚手架或操作平台。屋架腹杆设计为拉杆，但吊装时由于吊点位置使其受力改变为压杆时，为防止构件变形、失稳，必要时应采取加固措施，在平行于屋架上、下弦方向采用钢管、方木或其它临时加固措施。测量用钢尺应与钢结构制造用的钢尺校对，并取得计量法定单位检定证明。A post-mortem has complicated the installation of the axis positioning control points and the elevation of the standard of measurement points. Roof released elevation of the line of control and the loading axis auxiliary line. Roof Support and Support System testing complex embedded parts, its axis, elevation, degree level, and his position bolt length in excess of allowable deviation, we should do a good job handling technology. Sling hoisting machinery and inspection, in accordance with the requirements of placing construction organization design platform or scaffold. Roof belly bar designed for the stick, but when hoisting hanging position because it forces changes to Pressure Bar, the components to prevent deformation and instability, reinforcement measures shall be taken, where necessary, in parallel to the roof, and last quarter the direction of using steel, wood or other temporary side reinforcement measures. Be used for the manufacture of steel and steel ruler measurement of the steel ruler proofreading and obtain statutory measurement units approval and certification.1.8.3屋架组拼Roof group fight屋架分片运至现场组装时,拼装平台应平整.组拼时应保证屋架总长及起拱尺寸的要求.焊接时焊完一面检查合格后,再翻身焊另一面,做好施工记录.经验收后方准吊装.屋架及天窗架也可以在地面上组装好一次吊装,但要临时加固,以保证吊装时有足够的刚度.Roof patch shipped to the scene assembly, and assembly platform formation. Assembling and bagging chief roof should guarantee size requirements. Welding Welding End side pass the inspection, then stand up and welded the other hand, do construction records. Lifting the rear prospective admission experience. Roof and rain can also be a lifting assembled on the ground, but temporary reinforcement. Hoisting to ensure we have the necessary stiffness1.8.4屋架安装Roof installation吊点必须设在屋架三汇交节点上.屋架起吊时离地50时暂停,检查无误后再继续起吊.Three points must be located in the roof hanging intersection nodes. Roof lifting at 50 cm from the suspended after inspections continue lifting unmistakable.1.8.5构件连接与固定Join and immobility构件安装采用焊接或螺栓连接的节点,需检查连接节点,合格后方能进行焊接或紧固.安装螺栓孔不允许用气割扩孔,永乆性螺栓不得垫两个以上垫圈,螺栓外露丝扣长度不少于23扣.安装定位焊缝不需承受荷载时,焊缝厚度不少于设计焊缝厚度的2/3,且不大于8,焊缝长度不宜小于25,位置应在焊道内.安装焊缝全数外观检查,主要的焊缝应按设计要求用超声波探伤检查内在质量.上述检查均需做出记录.焊接及高强螺栓连接操作工艺详见该项工艺标准.屋架支架支座、支撑系统的构造做法需认真检查，必须符合设计要求，零配件不得遗漏。Component installation of nodes connected by bolts or welding required inspection Connections after passing before welding or fastening. Installing bolts allowed to use gas cutting bore hole and never more than two gaskets pad not sexual bolts, exposed screw bolt length of not less than 2-3 deduction. Weld positioning under load without installation, seam thickness of the seam thickness of not less than two-thirds of the design, not to exceed 8 mm, should not be less than 25 mm in length Weld, located in welds inside. Weld full appearance of the installation and inspection of weld made major design requirements using ultrasonic flaw detection inspection quality. Need to make a record of these checks. Join welding technology and high-strength bolts details of this technology standards. Roof support bearings, and the support systems needed structural inspection practices must meet design requirements, not missing parts1.8.6检查验收Inspection and acceptance屋架安装后首先检查现场连接部位的质量.屋架安装质量主要检查屋架跨中对两支座中心竖向面的不垂直度;屋架受压弦杆对屋架竖向面的侧面弯曲,必须保证上述偏差不超过允许偏差,以保证屋架符合设计受力状态及整体稳定要求.屋架支座的标高、轴线位移、跨中挠度，经测量做出记录。First, inspect the site after the installation of roof connecting quality. Cross-check the main roof truss roof installation quality of the surface is not perpendicular to the vertical center two blocks; Roof surface pressure chord of the roof truss vertical bending side, we must ensure that such errors do not exceed the allowable deviation to ensure roof stability and comply with the design requirements of the state by force. Roof Support elevation, the axis displacement and cross-deflection, the measurement made by the record.1.8.7除锈、涂料Removing rust and paint连接处焊缝无焊渣、油污、除锈合格后方可涂刷涂料。涂层干漆膜厚度应符合设计要求或施工规范的规定。Connection weld without welding slag, oils, derusting pass before brushing paint. Coating thickness of the coating should conform to the standard design or construction requirements.1.9钢结构防火涂料涂装施工工艺Fire coating steel construction technology1.9.1工艺流程Process作业准备防火涂料配料、搅拌喷涂检查验收Ready to work Fireproof coating ingredients, stirringSpraying Inspection and acceptance1.9.2防火涂料配料、搅拌Fireproof coating ingredients, stirring粉状涂料应随用随配。以ST1-A型配合比如下（表5-27）With powder coatings should be allocated and used. For example, under a tie-ST1-A (Table 5-27)表5-27Table 5-27涂料层数 施工配合比 每用量Paint rise Construction Mix Dosage/1 防火涂料：高强胶粘剂：钢防胶：水=1：0.05:0.17:0.8 Fireproof coating : High strength steel anti-adhesive glue : Water 23 防火涂料:钢防胶:水=1:0.17:0.85 Fire prevention : steel coating plastic water 搅拌时先将涂料倒入混合机加水水拌合2min后,再加胶粘剂及钢防充分搅拌55min,使稠度达到可喷程度.Mixing paint into the mixer when the first increase in water mixture 2 minutes, stirring 55min fully with anti-adhesive and steel, jet can achieve consistency level.1.9.3喷涂Spraying一般设计要求厚度为经耐火试验达到耐火极限厚度的1.2倍,以耐火极限为梁2h,柱3h,其设计厚度为梁30,柱35.第一层厚度为1左右,晾干七八成再喷第二层,第二层厚11.2左右为宜,晾干七八成后再喷第三层达到所需厚度为止.喷涂时喷枪要垂直于被喷钢构件,距离610为宜,喷涂气压应保持0.40.6Mpa,喷完后进行自检,厚度不够的部分再补喷一次.正式喷涂前,应试喷一建筑层（段）,经消防部门、质监站核验合格后，再大面积作业。施工环境温度低于5时不得施工，应采取外围封闭，加温措施，施工前后48h保持5以上为宜。Thickness on the general design requirements for fire resistance test to achieve maximum thickness of 1.2 times the limit for the beam to fire 2h - 3h, and its design beam thickness of 30 mm, 35-mm. The first layer thickness of 1 cm around 70 80% dry then sprayed the second floor, around 2 cm thickness 11.2 suitable. 70 80% dry and then spray the third so far to achieve the required thickness. Lance must be perpendicular to the jet spraying steel components, from 6-10 cm wide margin, spraying pressure must be maintained 0.40.6Mpa, after spray for self-thickness not part of a jet refilling. Official spraying, spraying test of a construction zone (above), the fire department, pertaining to quality supervision station after passing another large-scale operations. Construction may not begin at +5 C below ambient temperature