英语易错单词及知识点整理

英语易错单词及知识点整理 tidy adj 整洁的 neat v 使整洁 tidy tidied tidied track n 足迹 C footprint 火车 轨道 体育 跑道 路径 径赛 tracks and fields tractor n 拖拉机 traffic n 交通 Traffic returned to normal soon transport v 运输 ship 指的是用船运送 装船 In the past English criminals were transported to Australia transportation n 运输 运输方式 means of transportation total n 总数 What does the total comes to a total of 数目 in total adj 总的 全体的 the total number the total population vt 合计 共计 I totaled my expenses with a calculator The students in my school total four thousand altogether adv 总共 in total 注意 totally completely 完全的 而不是总共的意思 valuable 注意要去 e 加 able 类似的还有 believe believable 什么时候需要去 e 加后缀 单词以 e 结尾 且 e 不发音 在派生时就应该去 e 比如 hide hiding have having 上面的 value 由于 e 不发音 故 able 时去 e argue 末尾的 e 也不发音 故变为 argument 但如果末尾的 e 也参与发音 则不能去 e 如 guarantee guaranteeing wealth n U 财富 财产 fortune 财富 财产 好运 possession C 财产 U 所有物 wild 固定搭配 grow wild 野生 疯长 run wild 放肆 Most African fruits grow wild wood n 木头 woods 树林 vast adj 巨大的 后跟抽象名词 differences changes 等 广阔的 形容面积大 不常形容体积 wind v 缠绕 蜿蜒 wind waind wound waund wound n 风 relatively adv 相对地 relatively speaking remaining adj 剩下的 the remaining money the money remained rest n 剩余部分 the rest of the money scene n 场面 场景 satisfaction n 满意 satisfy v satisfied satisfying adj satisfaction n to one s satisfaction with great satisfaction 不要误以为 satisfy 名词不变 像 surprise 等一样 ride v 骑 ride rode ridden rubber n 橡胶 sharp adj 尖的 锋利的 明确的 清楚的 尖刻的 刺耳的 急剧的 a sharp corner 急转弯 a sharp voice 高嗓门 at 7 o clock sharp 七点整 shake v 颤抖 摇动 震动 握手 shake hands shake shook shaken shade n 阴凉处 树荫 shadow n 影子 阴影 shine v 发光 闪耀 shine shone shone A shell shone on the shore shoot v 射击 射中 射死 拍摄 shoot shot shot shoot sb sth 射中 射死 shoot at sb sth 瞄准 shot n C 射手 U 发射 射击声 the shot of the bullet nail v 钉 ed nail up 钉牢 n 钉子 指甲 object v 反对 object to object that 从句 nobody n 小人物 He was a nobody ten years ago but now he is a somebody otherwise adv 否则 要不然 别的方式 别的方面 另外 其他 Do what you have been told otherwise you will be punished He is sometime noisy but otherwise a good boy adj 另外的 Some are wise some are otherwise pack v 整理行装 打包 n 包 捆 行李卷 packet n 小包 小袋 捆 overcoat n 大衣 coat n 外套 pan n 平底锅 adventure n C 奇遇 冒险 U 冒险精神 v 冒险 探险 adventure sth doing sth 冒险做某事 adventure 地点 against prep 在 映衬下 反对 倚靠 alone adv 仅仅 only just simply merely 独自地 adj 单独的 The boy is alone 仅用于表语强调数量 而 lonely 既用于定语也用于表语 强调孤单 aloud adv 出声地 read aloud 朗读 aloud 一般不能表示高声地 loud 常用于 speak talk shout laugh 等后 有大声的意思 在口语中常 loudly loudly 高声地 常含喧哗的意思 appearance n 出现 露面 外貌 外观 appear v appearance n artist n 艺术家 画家 ashamed adj 惭愧的 羞耻的 be ashamed of I am ashamed of what I have done shame n 遗憾 What a shame pity 羞愧 I feel great shame at what I have done shameful adj 可耻的 丢脸的 plough n 犁 v 犁地 耕地 也可用于主动表被动 I ploughed the land in spring The land ploughs hard after the drought plough through 艰难地阅读 钻研 差点没通过 plough into 全力投入 投身 The ship ploughed through the ice Life is too short to plough through it preparation n C 准备 make preparations for 注意 preparation 用复数 take action to 中 action 不可数 而 take measures to 也用复数 prefer preferring preferred 双写 preferable 什么时候需要双写加后缀 一 语音方面的前提条件 1 末音节是重读音节 单音节词必然是重读音节 若为非重读音节 则不双写 例如 o pen opening opened lis ten listening listened listener cle ver cleverer cleverest nar row narrower narrowest 2 末音节中的元音字母发短音 若发长音或多元音组合则不双写 例如 enjoy i enjoying enjoyed enjoyable repair e repairing repaired repairer return returning returned slow u slower slowest 二 书写方面的前提条件 1 末音节中只包含单个的元音字母 若为多个的元音字母 则不双写 例如 cook cooking cooked cooker sweet sweeter sweetest remain remaining remained repeat repeating repeated 2 末音节中只包含单个的尾辅音字母 若为多个的尾辅音字母 则不双写 例如 plant planting planted planter strong stronger strongest prevent preventing prevented concern concerning concerned 以上为四个必备的前提条件 可以概括为重读 短音 单元 单辅 如 permit permitting permitted permission permissible permissive red redder reddest redden reddish rob robbing robbed robber robbery slip slipping slipped slippery slipper slippy hot hotter hottest hotting hotted begin beginning beginner regret regretting regretted regrettable god goddess fog foggy man manned 但有若干特殊情况 1 末音节以字母组合 qu 开头的单词 其中的元音字母 u 可作辅音字母看待 在此基础上 凡符合上述 4 个前提条件者 则应双写 因为从语音的角度上考量 qu 发 kw 音 其间的元音字母 u 实质上与辅音字母 w 等值 例如 quiz quizzing quizzed quit quitting quitted quitter e quip equipping equipped 2 以辅音字母 r 结尾的词 只要符合 重读 单元 单辅 3 个前提条件 即缺 短音 条件 就应双写 prefer preferring preferred occur occurring occurred occurrence 但 en ter entering entered of fer offering offered 由于不重读 依然不双写 3 个别双音节动词 重音落在第一个音节上 虽仅符合 短音 单元 单辅 3 个前提条件 即缺 重读 条件 按理不该双写 但 英式英语却习惯双写 而美式英语仍不双写 例如 travel travelling travelled traveller BrE program programming programmed programmer BrE 4 个别双音节动词 其末音节以辅音字母 c 结尾 且重音落在第一个音节上 虽仅符合 短音 单元 单辅 3 个前提条件 即缺 重 读 条件 仍然双写 例如 panic panicking panicked panicky picnic picnicking picnicked 以上单词中的尾辅音字母 c 其双写形式常采用 ck 取代 因为从语音的角度上考量 c 发 k 音 与 k 等值 在英语单词的拼写上 我们不时可以看到其间出现双写辅音字母的情况 诸如 ill happy apple letter middle village cock clock black check quick thick worry opposite possible different difficult 等等 多半正是由于该辅音字母前面音节的构词组合符合本文所论述的 4 个前提条件或所列举的若干特殊情况 才引起双写的 hide hiding hidden ride riding rider ridden write writing writer written 在一系列词形变化当中 每组最后一个单词中的辅音字母之所以双写 正是其前面音节中的元音字母发音改变 从原来的长音变为短 音所致 从这一点 可通过单词构词中的双写现象反推 判断其前面音节中元音字母的发音规律 重读闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母 r 除外 结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节 称为闭音节 例如 map desk is 等 在重读的 闭音节中元音字母读做短元音 recognize v 承认 admit 认可 认出 认识 receive v 收到 接到 客观动作 accept 强调主观情感 接待 欢迎 Received as an honored guest he felt very happy produce v 生产 n 农产品 farm produce 前不加冠词 指所有农产品的总称 U We can buy farm produce on the market production n U 生产 的动作 产量 文学艺术作品 C Some people don t believe that advertising can increase production The factory was built for the production of automobiles The novels are the latest productions of the known writer product n C 工业产品 农业加工品 脑力劳动所创造的产品 Farm products are the chief exports of the country This novel is the product of ten years of labour reduce v 缩减 减少 迫使 使沦落 reduce sb to sth doing sth force push 也有迫使的意思 但后接不定式 force push sb to do sth progress n 进展 in progress 进步 U radio n U 无线电 广播 on the radio C 收音机 pl radios radiation n 放射 名词变复数的注意事项 1 以 y 结尾的专有名词 或元音字母 y 结尾的名词变复数时 直接加 s 变复数 如 two Marys the Henrys monkey monkeys holiday holidays 辅音字母 y 结尾的 变 y 为 i es 如 story stories strawberry strawberries 2 以 o 结尾的名词 变复数 a 加 s 如 photo photos piano pianos radio radios zoo zoos b 加 es 如 potato potatoes tomato tomatoes hero heroes c 均可 如 zero zeros zeroes mosquito mosquitos mosquitoes 3 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数 a 加 s 如 belief beliefs roof roofs safe safes gulf gulfs b 去 f fe 加 ves 如 half halves knife knives leaf leaves wolf wolves wife wives life ives thief thieves c 均可 如 handkerchief handkerchiefs handkerchieves badly adv 严重地 seriously 恶劣地 极度地 extremely 迫切地 eagerly bell n 钟 铃 clock 是时钟 blow v 吹 使爆炸 是 explode 的结果 The explosion blew the bridge to pieces blow blew blown n 打击 猛攻 a big crashing blow to sb 给某人沉重打击 broom n 扫帚 bitter adj 苦的 辛酸的 严寒的 The wind is bitter 怀恨的 be bitter against sb bitterness n 苦味 悲痛 bitterly adv 愤怒的 伤心的 极其 非常 深深地 be bitterly disappointed beyond prep 使人无法理解 想象 做 The idea is really beyond me bite 咬 bite bit bitten cause n 直接原因 reason 强调推理性或指不言而喻的原因 理由 You have no cause to complain content n C 内容 目录 contents adj 满足的 满意的 be content with be satisfied with be content to do be willing ready to do congratulation n 祝贺 强调内容时常用 pl 祝词 祝福语 cheek n 脸蛋 面颊 composition n C 作文 U 构成 Scientists study the composition of the air condition n 条件 状况 condition 指外界环境影响的情况 也可以指人的身体状态 state 用途广泛 常可代替 condition situation 指重大处境或危险情况 on upon condition that 假如 在某种条件下 on no condition 决不 cook n 厨师 chef cooker 厨具 与之类似的还有 typist 打字员 typewriter 打字机等 courtyard n 庭院 cruelly adv 残酷的 cupboard n 衣橱 碗橱 柜子 closet 指壁橱或小房间 套间 copy n C 一 份 出版物 副本 U 稿子 damp adj 潮湿的 design n 花纹 花样 图案 v 设计 by design on purpose 反义词 by accident devote v 专心 献身 devote sth to 献给 be devoted to 致力于 全心全意 disturb v 弄乱 打扰 扰乱 dining room n 餐厅 dive v 俯冲 dive into 潜水 跳水 diving dive dove dove divide v 分开 把一大部分分成几小部分 separate 强调独立 产生分歧 The opinions are divided on the problem equal v 比得上 匹敌 match 相等 胜任 equal to adj 平等的 explode v 爆炸 explosion n exploit v 开采 开发 false adj 假的 与 true 相对 fake 指物品是假冒的 flight n 楼梯的一段 There was no lift and we had to climb six flights of stairs 飞行 航班 firm adj 坚固的 牢固的 坚决的 adv 稳固地 坚定地 n 公司 freeze freeze froze frozen flow v 流动 flow flowed flowed 不要与 fly 的过去式弄混 fly flew flown field n 土地 农田 操场 运动场 general n C 将军 adj 大多数的 大体的 笼统的 in general 总的说来 glance v 瞥 强调动作 glimpse 瞥见 强调结果 take a glance at glance at 瞥一眼 catch get a glimpse of 瞥见 at the first sight glance 乍看之下 grain n U 谷物 C 颗粒 a grain of grain 一粒谷子 Greek n 希腊人 honor n 光荣的事 荣誉 面子 尊敬 have the honor of sth doing sth v 尊敬 hammer n 锤子 harmful adj 有害的 be harmful to 对 有害 ham n 火腿 heaven n 天空 常 pl 天堂 U socialist adj 社会主义的 socialism n 社会主义 形近的还有 communism 共产主义 communist 共产主义者 Marxism 马克思主义 modernism 现代主义 splendid adj 辉煌的 光辉的 壮丽的 strength n 力气 力量 U 优点 C suitable adj 适合的 be suitable for to telegram n 电报 一封电报 telegraph n 发电报的方式 leaf n 书刊的一张 两页 叶子 lorry n 卡车 truck loss n 丢失 lose v major adj 主要的 major city 较大的 n 主修课 v 主修 major in manner n 方式 sing 礼貌 pl table manners mass n 堆 团 a mass of 质量 adj 大量的 mean v 意思是 打算 mean to do intend to do n 意思 merry adj 快乐的 Merry Christmas 还有一个常用的祝语 All happy returns of the day 生日快乐 长命百岁 mistake v 误会 误解 n 错误 doubt v 怀疑 不信 n 怀疑 疑问 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 There is some doubt whether 有些怀疑 No doubt that 无疑地 我确信 I expect that No wonder that 难怪 It is no wonder that 类似句型还有 There is no point in doing There is no need to do There It is no use doing 等 but nothing but 除了 anything but 绝不是 may may well 很可能 may as well 不如做某事的好 bit not a bit not at all not a little very 重点看的词 ache admit to doing ahead aircraft ash assistant 图书管理员 bake beat block bucket burst butcher cap cart chain chimney cigar coin collar comrade corn cottage cream cross dare declare delight dig dirt dish drill due dull explode exploit fair fan favor fist flat force fork fountain front fuel gay glove hall ham hammer hill hole indeed infer jam jar kilo kite lab lamp league liberate lifetime lighting lip liter lively living 解析 living room load lorry loss luggage Marxism master meanwhile mend merry metal midday mine2 motor nail noble object officer official onto ox packet pocket painting pale partly past pass passed passed path penny period pile pin pipe plain pole pork port pot powder pound pure quantity remove request require revolution roll rough scold sew shade shave shot sigh sound sleep stare strike tail tailor tale tap tape 卷尺 tax tense thread tin title tractor type well 井 wide awake wind 缠绕 wire woods 看所有短语 不规则名词复数和不规则动词表 1 add to 增加 增进 add up to 加起来是 所有这一切说明 1 This of course our difficulties 2 The figures 360 3 I don t think these facts will anything 4 The music our enjoyment of the film 2 break away from 逃脱 摆脱 破除 改掉 break in 强行进入 插话 break into 强行进入 突然开始 break down 身体垮了 计划 失败 机器等 坏了 break out 爆发 突然发生 break up 散会 会议 结束 学期结束 break off 中断 断绝 5 The thief the police and ran into the woods 6 Don t while others are speaking 7 Then the car I was in so I had to walk home 8 A house was between midnight and 4 a m 9 Excuse me for like this said the headmaster 10 We thought it was time to the talk 11 A big fire in the town last night 12 After ten years of hard work his health is 13 The meeting without result 14 When does school 3 bring about 引起 实现 使发生 bring down 使下降 使倒下 bring in 收庄稼 提出 bring out 说明 出版 bring up 提出 抚养 培养 bring back 使回想起 15 The wind a lot of trees last night 16 Xiao Li was by his uncle in Shanghai 17 How can we the price 18 This story my unhappy childhood 19 This a change in the balance of force 20 Farmers in the south have also good crops 21 Next month they will a new edition of book 22 Does anyone want to anything further 4 call at 停留 停靠 call for 叫 某人 接某人 索取 需要有 call in 来访 找 请 来 收回 call off 取消 不举行 call on 拜 访 号召 call out 大声叫 请去 call up 给 打电话 征召 入伍 23 He was right at the beginning of the war 24 Doctors are often in the middle of the night 25 The sports meet was on account of the rain 26 The next day I went to her again 27 He insisted that we should a specialist at this point 28 The librarian has all the books 29 Please wait for me at home I ll you at your house at seven tonight 30 The train several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou 5 come about 某情况 发生 come across 碰到 come along 一道去 赶快 生长 进行 come in 进来 站 存在 come down 下降 下落 传下来 传病 come for 来拿 来取 come from 出身于 来自 come out 出版 开花 come up 走过来 出 现 come to 来到 某地 来参加 某项活动 合计 总共计 苏醒过来 31 Seeing the teacher we all stopped talking 32 The magazine once a month 33 I think the roses will next week 34 Where do you 35 I the book I lent you last month 36 I don t know how this thing 37 I am going to Shanghai tomorrow Perhaps I will Xiao Li there 38 We are very glad that some prices have 39 Let s wait till the train 40 Please don t keep him out in the cold Let him 41 How are you with the plan for your factory buildings 42 When I I found myself lying in hospital 43 How much does the bill 44 We walked and walked in the end we a small mountain village 6 cut down 消减 压缩 缩短 cut off 切断 断绝 cut out 删 省 掉 戒掉 45 We must our expenses 46 We were for the cost of production 47 Let s the unimportant details 48 They were then almost completely from the outside world 7 get along 进行 相处 get back 回来 找回 get down 记下来 打下来 get over 克服 get on 上 火车等 相处 进行 get off 下 火车等 起飞 不惩罚 get out 拔出 洗掉 传出去 get rid of 消灭 摆脱 除掉 get up 起床 起身 get to 到达 get round 传开 get in touch with 和 取得联系 49 He the watch he had lost 50 She spoke so fast that I couldn t what she said 51 On the way to school I saw Xiao Li Bus No 1 52 You won t so easily next time 53 the rope and I ll try my best to pull you out 54 At what time do you every day 55 How are you with your work 56 We will find ways to the difficulties 57 Only in this way can you your headache 58 Write to us when you Shanghai 59 The story has and everyone knows about it 60 When you arrive you may a friend of mine Linda 8 give in 屈服 让步 投降 give off 散发出 give out 分发 用完 give up 放弃 61 After the 90th failure he was almost ready to 62 These flowers a pleasant smell 63 After two months our food 64 The doctor advised my father to smoking 65 We decided to to the wish of the majority 9 go against 违反 go ahead 进行 进展 先走 走在前面 干吧 说吧 go all out 全力以赴 go down 下降 减弱 go in for 从 事 某种事业或活动 go off 爆炸 go on 继续下去 发生 进行 go out 熄灭 go over 审阅 检查 go round 够用 够分配 go down on one s knees 屈膝下跪 66 His actions the will of the people 67 We shall have to if we are to make a success of it 68 The prices are expected to in two months 69 If you think that you can solve the problem 70 He and begged for mercy 71 A lot of students playing basketball football and volleyball 72 The bomb and killed ten people 73 What s outside 74 How did you in your examination 75 Suddenly all the light and the room became dark 76 He our written material word for word to correct and improve it 10 have a word with 和 讲句话 have a good time 过得好 had better 最好 have on 穿着 have to do with 和 有关系 77 Excuse me may I you 78 Did you at the party 79 That nothing what we are discussing 80 It s cold outside you put on your overcoat 81 Where did you get the shoes you yesterday 11 hear about 听到 听说 hear form 接到 的信 从 听到 hear out 听完 别人的话 hear of 听说 82 Have you the accident that happened the other day 83 I ve just Xiao Li that we ll have an English examination next week 84 I don t know him but I ve him 85 I haven t my parents for a long time 86 Stop talking Please me 英语短语动词归纳及练习 二 12 hold back 阻碍 阻止 hold down 控制 镇压 hold on 别挂 电话 支持下去 hold out 维持 坚持 87 Hearing the news she couldn t her tears coming down her cheeks 88 please I heard a pleasant voice on the phone 89 These measures helped to the city s population 90 The water won t much longer 13 keep off 防止 挡住 keep on 继续干 keep up with 赶上 不落在后面 keep sth sb out 不使 进入 keep in touch with 和 保持联系 keep one s word 守信 遵守诺言 91 You should study hard if you want to others 92 We had to think of a way to the rain 93 It was raining but they till the work was finished 94 The Chinese people always 95 The rain for several days 96 We have each other after graduation 97 Don t me in the cold Let me in 14 know about 了解 知道 的情况 know from 区分 know of 听说过 知道 有 be known as 被称为 是有名的 be known for 因 而出名 be known to all 众所周知 98 It happened that I him 99 It isn t easy for a child to right wrong 100 I a shop where you can get things like that 101 China is a large country as 102 Hangzhou its beautiful West Lake 103 She was well an excellent dancer 15 look after 照顾 look as if 看起来似乎 look back 回想 回顾 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望 期待 look into 调查 了 解 研究 look like 看起来像 look on 旁观 look out 注意 look on as 把 看作 认为 look round 到外看看 来访 look through 翻阅 浏览 look up 查找 look down upon 看不起 104 I spent two hours the students papers 105 Let s hurry it it s going to rain 106 I am seeing you again someday next month in Shanghai 107 There is a big hole in front 108 Xiao Li took part in the games the rest of us just carefully 109 Many people monkeys they do things quickly without thinking 110 The man you are has come 111 Sorry I can t go with you I must stay at home to my brother 112 The workers were in the old society 113 He me his sister 114 If you don t understand the meaning of the word you can it in the dictionary 115 I but I could see nothing 116 They traveled from place matters of all kinds 117 As we over the month we spent there our hearts are filled with gratitude 16 lose oneself 迷失方向 be lost in 消失在 中 be lost in thought 陷入沉思 lose heart 失去信心 118 Don t I m sure you ll succeed 119 Soon he the darkness 120 My mother sat silent for some time 121 When walking in the forest you must be careful not to 17 pass away 去世 pass down 传下 pass on 谈下一个问题 122 If there is no further discussion let s 123 The great man in 1998 124 The old house has been for four generation 18 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 拜访 访问 pay back 偿还 报复 pay for 付 款 偿还 pay off 还清 125 How much did you the dictionary 126 You should the money you borrowed from me 127 Have you the money you borrowed from Xiao Li 128 I ll London next month 129 We should the teacher in class 19 pick out 挑选 找出 pick up 拾起 顺便用车来接 收听广播 学会 130 I saw a wallet on the ground and it 131 The bus stopped to passengers 132 I ll come to you at two o clock 133 Where did you yo