转载 NLP术语中英对照表M Z.doc

转载 NLP术语中英对照表M Z原文地址：NLP术语中英对照表M-Z作者：笨蛋二号匪machine dictionary机器词典machine language机器语言machine learning机器学习machine translation机器翻译machine-readable dictionary(MRD)机读辞典Macrolinguistics宏观语言学Markov chart马可夫图Mathematical Linguistics数理语言学maximum entropy最大熵M-D(modifier-head)construction偏正结构mean length of utterance(MLU)语句平均长度measure of information讯习测度信息测度memory based根据记忆的mental lexicon心理词汇库mental model心理模型mental process心理过程智力过程；智力处理metalanguage超语言metaphor隐喻metaphorical extension隐喻扩展metarule律上律元规则metathesis语音易位Microlinguistics微观语言学middle structure中间式结构minimal pair最小对Minimalist Program微言主义MLU(mean length of utterance)语句平均长度modal情态词modal auxiliary情态助动词modal logic情态逻辑modifier修饰语Modular Logic Grammar模组化逻辑语法modular parsing system模组化句法剖析系统modularity模组性(理论)module模组monophthong单元音monotonic单调monotonicity单调性Montague Grammar蒙泰究语法蒙塔格语法mood语气morpheme词素morphological affix构词词缀morphological decomposition语素分解morphological pattern词型morphological processing词素处理morphological rule构词律词法规则morphological segmentation语素切分Morphology构词学Morphophonemics词音学形态音位学；语素音位学morphophonological rule形态音位规则Morphosyntax词句法Motor Theory肌动理论movement移位MRD(machine-readable dictionary)机读辞典MT(machine translation)机器翻译multilingual processing system多语讯息处理系统multilingual translation多语翻译multimedia多媒体multi-media communication多媒体通讯multiple inheritance多重继承multistate logic多态逻辑mutation语音转换mutual exclusion互斥mutual information相互讯息nativist position语法天生假说natural language自然语言natural language processing(NLP)自然语言处理natural language understanding自然语言理解negation否定negative sentence否定句neologism新词语nested structure套结构network网路neural network类神经网路Neurolinguistics神经语言学neutralization中立化n-gram n-连词n-gram modeling n-连词模型NLP(natural language processing)自然语言处理node节点nominalization名物化nonce暂用的non-finite非限定non-finite clause非限定式子句non-monotonic reasoning非单调推理normal distribution常态分布noun名词noun phrase名词组NP(noun phrase)completeness名词组完全性object宾语语言学/物件资讯科学object oriented programming物件导向程式设计面向对向的程序设计official language官方语言one-place pre dicate一元述语on-line dictionary线上查询词典联机词点onomatopoeia拟声词onset节首音ontogeny个体发生Ontology本体论open set开放集operand运算元操作对象optimization最佳化最优化overgeneralization过度概化overgeneration过度衍生paradigmatic relation聚合关系paralanguage附语言parallel construction并列结构Parallel Corpus平行语料库parallel distributed processing(PDP)平行分布处理paraphrase转述释意；意译；同意互训parole言语parser剖析器句法剖析程序parsing剖析part of speech(POS)词类particle语助词PART-OF relation PART-OF关系part-of-speech tagging词类标注pattern recognition型样识别P-C(predicate-complement)insertion述补中插PDP(parallel distributed processing)平行分布处理perception知觉perceptron感觉器感知器perceptual strategy感知策略performative行为句periphrasis用独立词表达perlocutionary语效性的permutation移位Petri Net Grammar Petri网语法philology语文学phone语音phoneme音素phonemic analysis因素分析phonemic stratum音素层Phonetics语音学phonogram音标Phonology声韵学音位学；广义语音学Phonotactics音位排列理论phrasal verb词组动词短语动词phrase词组短语phrase marker词组标记短语标记pitch音调pitch contour调形变化Pivot Grammar枢轴语法pivotal construction承轴结构plausibility function可能性函数PM(phrase marker)词组标记短语标记polysemy多义性POS-tagging词类标记postposition方位词PP(preposition phrase)attachment介词依附Pragmatics语用学Precedence Grammar优先顺序语法precision精确度predicate述词predicate calculus述词计算predicate logic述词逻辑谓词逻辑predicate-argument structure述词论元结构prefix前缀premodification前置修饰preposition介词Prescriptive Linguistics规定语言学规范语言学presentative sentence引介句presupposition前提Principle of Compositionality语意合成性原理privative二元对立的probabilistic parser概率句法剖析程式problem solving解决问题program程式programming language程式设计语言程序设计语言proofreading system校对系统proper name专有名词prosody节律prototype原型pseudo-cleft sentence准分裂句Psycholinguistics心理语言学punctuation标点符号pushdown automata下推自动机pushdown transducer下推转换器qualification后置修饰quantification量化quantifier范域词Quantitative Linguistics计量语言学questio nanswering system问答系统queue伫列radical字根词干；词根；部首；偏旁radix of tuple元组数基random access随机存取rationalism理性论rationalist(position)理性论立场唯理论观点reading laboratory阅读实验室real time即时real time control即时控制实时控制recursive transition network递回转移网路reduplication重迭词重复reference指涉referent指称对象referential indices指标referring expression指涉词指示短语register暂存器寄存器资讯科学/调高语音学/语言的场合层级社会语言学regular language正规语言正则语言relational database关联式资料库关系数据库relative clause关系子句relaxation method松弛法relevance相关性Restricted Logic Grammar受限逻辑语法resumptive pronouns复指代词retroactive inhibition逆抑制rewriting rule重写规则rheme述位rhetorical structure修辞结构rhetorics修辞学robust强健性robust processing强健性处理robustness强健性schema基朴school grammar教学语法scope范域作用域；范围script脚本search mechanism检索机制search space检索空间searching route检索路径搜索路径second order predicate二阶述词segmentation分词segmentation marker分段标志selectional restriction选择限制semantic field语意场semantic frame语意架构semantic network语意网路semantic representation语意表征语义表示semantic representation language语意表征语言semantic restriction语意限制semantic structure语意结构Semantics语意学sememe意素Semiotics符号学sender发送者sensorimotor stage感觉运动期sensory information感官讯息感觉信息sentence句子sentence generator句子产生器句子生成程序sentence pattern句型separation of homonyms同音词区分sequence序列serial order learning顺序学习serial verb construction连动结构set oriented semantic network集合导向型语意网路面向集合型语意网路SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language)结构化通用标记语言shift-reduce parsing替换简化式剖析short term memory短程记忆sign信号signal processing technology信号处理技术simple word单纯词situation情境Situation Semantics情境语意学situational type情境类型social context社会环境sociolinguistics社会语言学software engineering软体工程软件工程sort排序speaker-independent spee ch recognition非特定语者语音识别spectrum频谱speech口语speech act assignment言语行为指定speech continuum言语连续体speech disorder语言失序言语缺失speech recognition语音辨识speech retrieval语音检索speech situation言谈情境言语情境speech synthesis语音合成speech translation system语音翻译系统speech understanding system语音理解系统spreading activation model扩散激发模型standard deviation标准差Standard Generalized Markup Language标准通用标示语言start-bound complement接头词state of affairs algebra事态代数state transition diagram状态转移图statement kernel句核static attribute list静态属性表statistical analysis统计分析Statistical Linguistics统计语言学statistical significance统计意义stem词干stimulus-response theory刺激反应理论stochastic approach to parsing概率式句法剖析句法剖析的随机方法stop爆破音Stratificational Grammar阶层语法层级语法string字串串；字符串string manipulation language字串操作语言string matching字串匹配字符串structural ambiguity结构歧义Structural Linguistics结构语言学structural relation结构关系structural transfer结构转换structuralism结构主义structure结构structure sharing representation结构共享表征subcategorization次类划分下位范畴化subjunctive假设的sublanguage子语言subordinate从属关系subordinate clause从属子句从句；子句subordination从属substitution rule代换规则置换规则substrate底层语言suffix后缀superordinate上位的superstratum上层语言suppletion异型不规则词型变化suprasegmental超音段的syllabification音节划分syllable音节syllable structure constraint音节结构限制symbolization and verbalization符号化与字句化synchronic同步的synonym同义词syntactic category句法类别syntactic constituent句法成分syntactic rule语法规律句法规则Syntactic Semantics句法语意学syntagm句段syntagmatic组合关系结构段的；组合的Syntax句法Systemic Grammar系统语法tag标记target language目的语言目标语言task sharing课题分享任务共享tautology套套逻辑恒真式；重言式；同义反复taxonomical hierarchy分类阶层分类层次telescopic compound套装合并template模板temporal inference循序推理时序推理temporal logic时间逻辑时序逻辑temporal marker时貌标记tense时态terminology术语text文本text analyzing文本分析text coherence文本一致性text generation文本生成篇章生成Text Linguistics文本语言学text planning文本规划text proofreading文本校对text retrieval文本检索text structure文本结构篇章结构text summarization文本自动摘要篇章摘要text understanding文本理解text-to-speech文本转语音thematic role题旨角色thematic structure题旨结构theorem定理thesaurus同义词辞典theta role题旨角色theta-grid题旨网格token实类标记项tone音调tone language音调语言tone sandhi连调变换top-down由上而下自顶向下topic主题topicalization主题化话题化trace痕迹Trace Theory痕迹理论training训练transaction异动处理单位transcription转写抄写；速记翻译transducer转换器transfer转移transfer approach转换方法transfer framework转换框架transformation变形转换Transformational Grammar变形语法转换语法transitional state term set转移状态项集合transitivity及物性translation翻译translation equivalence翻译等值性translation memory翻译记忆transparency透明性tree树状结构树Tree Adjoining Grammar树形加接语法树连接语法treebank树图资料库语法关系树库trigram三连词t-score t-数turing machine杜林机图灵机turing test杜林测试图灵试验type类型type/token node标记类型/实类节点type-feature structure类型特征结构typology类型学ultimate constituent终端成分unbounded dependency无界限依存underlying form基底型式underlying structure