实验5 linux内核的裁剪移植.doc

实验5 linux内核的裁剪移植一、实验目的:学习利用menuconfig配置文件进行裁减内核，编译内核并移植到开发板上。二、实验内容一、开发环境宿主机：ubuntu10.04开发板：tiny6410编译器：4.3.2二、内核移植1.下载源码/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.38.tar.bz2 此实验所需的文件放到/home/embedded/11目录下：linux-2.6.38.tar.bz2, yaffs2.tar.bz2s3c_nand.c , s3c_nand_mlc.fo ,nand_base.c ,Kconfig ,regs-nand.h 2.解压（ 进入根目录下的/home/poplar/expr4/kernel目录，解压源码）# cd /home# mkdir poplar/expr4/kernel p# cd /home/poplar/expr4/kernel# cp /home/embedded/11/linux-2.6.38.tar.bz2 ./tar xvfj /home/poplar/expr4/kernel/linux-2.6.38.tar.bz23.修改架构，编译器（需要在arm上运行，所以用交叉编译器）解压完进入解压出来的linux-2.6.38目录#cd linux-2.6.38#vi Makefile（或者用gedit）191行改为ARCH?= arm /191行CROSS_COMPILE?= /usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-linux- (找到其交叉编译环境,把路径加全) /192行4.生成默认配置文件#cp arch/arm/configs/s3c6400_defconfig .config如省略这个操作的话后面会找不到System TypeLinux内核中已经自带了关于我们6410开发板的配置。5.修改配置项#make menuconfigSystem Type-* MINI6410 选上，6.拷贝NAND FLASH驱动到根目录下的/home/poplar/expr4/kernel下的linux-2.6.38里相应的文件位置处（以下的文件在实验五文件夹里有）drivers/mtd/nand/s3c_nand.c arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/regs-nand.h drivers/mtd/nand/s3c_nand_mlc.fo drivers/mtd/nand/nand_base.cdrivers/mtd/nand/Kconfig执行命令：#cp /home/embedded/11/s3c_nand.c ./drivers/mtd/nand/#cp /home/embedded/11/s3c_nand_mlc.fo ./drivers/mtd/nand/#cp /home/embedded/11/nand_base.c ./drivers/mtd/nand/#cp /home/embedded/11/Kconfig ./drivers/mtd/nand/#cp /home/embedded/11/regs-nand.h ./arch/arm/plat-samsung/include/plat/7修改nand 驱动makefile输入指令#cd drivers/mtd/nand#vi Makefiledrivers/mtd/nand/Makefile中20行增加obj-$(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C) += s3c_nand.o末尾再增加obj-$(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_S3C) += s3c_nand_mlc.fo8增加相应选项输入指令#cd /home/poplar/expr4/kernel/linux-2.6.38#make menuconfigDevice Drivers- Memory Technology Device (MTD) support- * MTD partitioning support* Command line partition table parsing Direct char device access to MTD devices Caching block device access to MTD devices NAND Device Support- NAND Flash support for Samsung S3C SoCs去掉不要选 NAND Flash support for S3C SoC* S3C NAND Hardware ECC三、 添加yaffs2文件系统的支持首先向内核源代码中加入支持yaffs2的源代码】解压yaffs2.tar.bz2#cd /home/poplar/expr4/kernel#cp /home/embedded/11/yaffs2.tar.bz2 ./#tar xvfj yaffs2.tar.bz2进入解压出的目录#cd yaffs2执行如下命令./patch-ker.sh c m +内核源码路径# ./patch-ker.sh c m ./linux-2.6.38然后进入内核源码目录#cd /home/poplar/expr4/kernel/linux-2.6.38执行make menuconfig选择File systems选择 * Miscellaneous filesystems - 选择上 yaffs2 file system support以及与yaffs2相关选项。配置结果如下：退出保存四、 添加对UBIFS文件系统的支持1. 配置内核支持UBIFS#make menuconfigDevice Drivers -Memory Technology Device (MTD) support -Enable UBI - Unsorted block images -2.配置mtd支持UBI接口File systems -Miscellaneous filesystems -UBIFS file system support 3.再次make#make zImage一、 下载到开发板（见实验三操作说明）先将zImage用DNW下载到开发板，然后将开关拨动到nand方式启动，观察超级终端此时启动会出现如下问题如果成功,如下图:usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhidusbhid: USB HID core driverVFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 5drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)mmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 300000 Hzmmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 200000 HzUBIFS: recovery neededusb 1-1: new full speed USB device using s3c2410-ohci and address 2mmc0: mmc_rescan_try_freq: trying to init card at 100000 HzUBIFS: recovery completedUBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name FriendlyARM-rootUBIFS: file system size: 2061287424 bytes (2012976 KiB, 1965 MiB, 1997 LEBs)UBIFS: journal size: 12517376 bytes (12224 KiB, 11 MiB, 13 LEBs)UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)UBIFS: default compressor: lzoUBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB)VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:10.hwclock: cant open /dev/misc/rtc: No such file or directory01/Jan/1970:00:00:18 +0000 boa.c:173 - unable to create socket: Function not implemented open device leds: No such file or directory/usr/sbin/alsactl: load_state:1610: No soundcards found. ifconfig: socket: Functio