2014博士学位英语真题.doc

PLA University of Science and Technology 2009 Proficiency Test of English for Graduate StudentsPart IListening Comprehension (20 % 20 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. 1.A) The man could come some time later.B) The size the man wants will arrive soon.C) The size of the skirt is all right for the man. D) The man could buy a shirt of a different color.2. A) The woman is filming the lake. B) The woman is running toward the lake.C) The woman cant take a photo of the manD) The woman is watching an exciting film with the man.3. A) Its quiet in the restaurant. B) The restaurant is too far from their school.C) The price is high in the restaurant.D) The restaurant serves good food.4. A) On a busy street B) In a Hong Kong hotel C) At an airport D) At a booking office5. A) The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor. B) The woman should have seen the doctor earlier.C) The womans headache will go away by itself.D) The woman has been complaining too much.6. A) Put off his appointment with Mr. Johnson.B) Help move things to Mr. Johnsons office.C) Help the woman move the items. D) Hurry to Mr. Johnsons office.7. A) The man didnt practice hard enough.B) The man should find a new partner.C) The man should not give up.D) The man should not dream of being a superstar.8. A) It doesnt appeal to her. B) Its incredibly delicious.C) She has already tasted it. D) There is no more left.9. A) The man is a diligent student.B) The man has bad study habits.C) The man has made a mess of his midterm exam. D) The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.10.A) The man has finished his assignment.B) The man is willing to help the woman.C) The man will drive the woman to school. D) The man is losing patience with the woman.Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The importance of good manners.B) The art of saying thank you.C) The secret of staying pretty. D) The difference between elegance and good manners.12. A) They were willing to spend more money on clothes.B) They paid more attention to their appearance.C) They were more aware of changes in fashion. D) They were nicer and gentler.13. A) By putting on a little make-up. B) By decorating our homes.C) By being kind and generous. D) By wearing fashionable clothes.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) Children dont get enough education in safety.B) The playgrounds are in poor condition.C) The playgrounds are overcrowded. D) Children are keen on dangerous games.15. A) They should help maintain the equipment.B) They should teach their children how to use the equipment.C) They should stop their children from climbing ladders. D) They should keep a watchful eye on their children.16. A) They can be creative when they feel secure.B) They may panic in front of high playground equipment.C) They should be aware of the potential risks in the playground.D) They tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Its admired worldwide. B) It takes skill. C) It pays well. D) Its a full-time job.18.A) An old lady carrying a handbag on the left. B) A mother with a baby in her arms.C) A woman whose bag is hanging in front. D) A lone female with a handbag at her right side.19. A) A side pocket of his jacketB) The top pocket of his jacketC) A side pocket of his trousers D) The back pocket of his tight trousers20. A) Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard. B) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London.C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage.D) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards.Part II Short Answers (5 % 15 minutes)Directions: In this section there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage and answer the questions briefly.One thing almost everyone agrees on, including Americans, is that they place a high valuation upon success. Success does not necessarily mean material rewards, but recognition of some sortpreferably measurable. A good many things contributed to this accent on success. There was the Puritan (清教徒的) belief in the virtue of work, both for its own sake and because the rewards it brought were regarded as signs of Gods love. There was the richness of opportunity in a land waiting to be settled. There was the lack of a settled society with fixed ranks and classes, so that a man was certain to rise through achievement.There was the determination of the immigrant to gain in the new world what had been denied to him in the old, and on the part of his children an urge to throw off the immigrant onus by still more success and still more rise in a fluid, classless society. Brothers did not compete within the family for the favor of the parents as in Europe, but strove (奋斗) for success in the outer world, along paths of their won choosing.Not to strive, not to take advantage of the opportunities in such a world, not to succeed where success was so availablethese things naturally became a sort of crime against the state. To develop the resources of a new country required energetic people, bent upon using their energiesnot only for the rewards that would result to themselves, but even more important, to the community. So material success in the United Stated is not looked upon as selfish. Its results are seen to have communal value.This striving for success, according to psychologists, is a way of overcoming fears and a sense of inner emptiness. In a mobile society an energetic person can hardly help matching himself against others and seeing how far he can go.Such a system is fine for those who have it in them to succeed. It is not so good for the mediocre (平凡的). The fear of failure, the fear of competitors, the loss of self-respectthese arouse tensions that some people cannot handle.Q1. What does success mean, according to the passage?_Q2. What did Puritans think about rewards brought by work?_Q3. What does “onus” (Line2, Par.3) most probably mean?_Q4. Why is material success not regarded as selfish in the United States?_Q5. What does “those who have it in them to succeed” (Line 1, last paragraph) mean?_Part III Reading Comprehension (30 % 45 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the best answer.Passage 1The early days of 1942 were dark ones. American troops were bravely trying to hold the Philippine Islands. But island after island fell to Corregidor, where was the Philippine governments gold and silver. Millions upon millions of pesos piled up there.It soon was clear that Corregidor was going to fall. The money could not be left there for the enemy. Hastily the gold and some of the silver were loaded on a small ship.Nearly sixteen million silver pesos were left, and there was no way to get it to the United States. So it was decided to dump it into the ocean. A ship made trip after back to the dock to pick up the silver and dump it in the south Channel.Only three men knew the exact spot where pesos were dumped. Unfortunately the men were killed in the war. In 1945, the U.S. armed forces decided to find the silver. For a month, the divers went over the site where most of the silver was thought to have been buried. They covered the bottom inch by inch and found no pesos.Then came a hint. A group of men had gone on an illegal treasure hunt of their own. They had found some five thousand pesos. A Filipino who had led the group was caught, and he showed where he found the silver. The search went on day after day for ten months. By then the pesos were getting too hard to find. The Army and Navy decided they had done well enough. Some one third of the total had been recovered.In 1946 the new Philippine government gave licenses to anyone who wanted to search for the missing pesos. Some treasure hunters brought up hundreds and hundreds of pesos for their own.Now 1,678,000 pesos are still in the channel mud. The search is probably going on right at this moment. But, as one of the divers said, “Theyll likely be diving for those pesos for a hundred years to come.”21. Why was the Corrigidor Island important?A) Because the American troops were stationed.B) Because it was a part of Japanese island.C) Because there were millions of pesos there.D) Because it was the last island of Philippines.22. What was the decision for the silver pesos?A) They were to be shipped to the United States.B) They were to be buried in the island.C) They were to be hidden in a Japanese island.D) They were to be dropped in the sea.23. Who first discovered the spot of dropped pesos?A) A Filipino B) An American C) A diver D) A Japanese 24. How much of the silver was found by the American armed forces?A) 40% B) 30% C) 60% D) 90%25. Which of the following is true?A) Since 1946, no one is allowed to hunt for the silver.B) Nobody has found pesos since 1945.C) After 1946, people could find the silver by themselves.D) Searching for the silver is illegal.Passage 2An Ohio State University study has linked behavior in young children with the type of job their mother has. Mothers with complex occupations that are self-directed and require working with other people tended to have offspring with relatively low levels of behavior problems. The opposite held true when the jobs were routine, closely supervised, and dealt with things, rather than people.“A job that challenges and interests a mother and gives her an opportunity to exercise judgement and solve problems clearly has positive consequences for her childrens behavior,” indicates associate professor of sociology Elizabeth Menaghan. Occupations with more positive conditions include management, sales, and teaching positions. Jobs that may be related to increased child behavior problems include book-keeping, food service, and assembly line positions.Women who are supervised closely at work and made to follow strict orders may be more likely to use this same style in raising their kids. They may emphasize obedience to parental authority and the potential for physical punishment. “We believe that the choice of such a parenting style may increase the frequency of behavior problems in children.” On the other hand, mothers whose jobs are less controlled by supervisors and who must work closely with other people probably rely less on physical punishment, instead encouraging children to think about consequences of their actions and take responsibility for their behavior. Such an approach encourages youngsters to follow parental demands even when they arent being supervised because they have accepted parental values as their own. Moreover, mothers whose jobs dont involve constant supervision “develop problem-solving skills that they can bring to other parts of their life”.The research also found that those who have more challenging and interesting jobs provide better home environments for their children. The mothers give their offspring more intellectual stimulation and emotional support, and this, in turn, is linked to fewer behavior problems.26. What is the main idea of this passage?A) Mothers jobs may affect kids future career.B) Mothers jobs may affect kids behavior.C) Closely supervised women often punish children.D) Youngsters like to follow parental demand.27. If a mother is a teacher, her child will have _levels of behavior problems.A) low B) high C) zero D) harmless28. It can be inferred from the passage that, if a mother works as book-keeper, she will have _consequences for her childrens behavior.A) positive B) negative C) neutral D) no29. Which word can best replace “offspring” (Par.1, sentence 2)?A) Trouble B) Consequences C) Supervision D) Children30. Which one of the following statements is right based on the above passage?A) Less controlled mothers at work rely much on physical punishment.B) The frequency of behavior problems in children is determined by mothers.C) Parents with challenging jobs give their children better home environment.D) Children are encouraged to follow parental demands even when they arent being supervised.Passage 3Japan, land of the electronic pet chicken, is worrying about the potentially lethal dangers that go with the lonely-high-tech life of the modern world. The debate was started by two women believed to have been killed by a robber they met on a telephone dating service. A third woman survived an encounter with the same suspect.“Sensitive young people who do not make friends easily may find it easier to communicate by phone or computer,” said an editorial in the daily Asahi Schimbun. “But this case demonstrates that as means of communication become easier and more anonymous (匿名的), those who use them are also exposed to more potential dangers.”Certainly Japan offers the shy some methods to avoid embarrassment in meeting potential partners or avoiding social contact altogether. A big hit for youngsters last year was Lovegetty, an electronic gadget for finding a date. The palm-sized Lovegetty transmitters come in male and female versions and when two strangers of the opposite sex come within range they begin to beep, allowing the start of a chat without fear of embarrassment. Japan also gave the world the Tamagotchi, or electronic pet, a hand-held device with a screen displaying an egg which must be “nurtured” into a young chick by pressing the right buttons.Questions about isolation and a widespread lack of social skills are well-worn in Japans press. This has been partly attributed to a rise in juvenile crime. On December 7, police arrested a man suspected of meeting women via telephone dating service, giving them sleeping pills and robbing them. Two of the three victims died from the cold after being left outside. “Its hard to believe a woman would associate with a stranger whose motives for meeting her are unknown,” wrote Asahi, “One explanation is that young people place too much trust and reliance on modern communications such as mobile phones and computers.”Young and old Japanese people alike were faced with the question of how to make friends in a world where associations had become more fluid.31. Modern world can be described by the following EXCEPT “_”.A) lonely B) isolated C) high-tech D) sensible32. Which of the following is NOT true about Lovegetty?A) Its an electronic gadget.B) Its different for male and female.C) Its a kind of pet.D) Its about palm-sized.33. Young people prefer to telephone dating service because_.A) they dont trust people they knowB) they find it easier to communicate by phoneC) they place too much trust on other peopleD) they believe telephone dating is a new and fashionable trend34. What does the word “fluid” (last Par.) mean in this passage?A) Complex B) Free C) Loose D) Changing35. Whats the main idea of this passage?A) High-tech life may be risky.B) Its difficult to make friends in modern world.C) Juvenile crime is rising in Japan.D) More electronic pets are coming.Passage 4Jose Saramago is a Portuguese storyteller, a kind man of 76 with a soft voice and hard, unbending political views that made life intolerable in his home country and caused him to move with his Spanish wife, to these Spanish islands, to a small white house where he writes novels that won him last years Nobel Prize for Literature, the first Portuguese writer to do so, in fact, and he did this with a style of writing that is peculiar because its not easy to read at the start, this waterfall of words, intimate and conversational.How can we be expected, say some, to read these long, exhausting sentences these greedy sentences that sometimes consume an entire page and only have commas and periods for punctuationsentences much like the one you just read?“My friends call me and grumble, I cant follow whats going on, they say, I dont know which character