11变焦镜头.doc

常 州 工 学 院 试 卷卷 共4页 第4页班 级_姓 名_学 号 _装 订 线班 级_姓 名_学 号 _装 订 线I. Give the Chinese or English equivalents to the following expressions. (20%)1. sales conference 2. advertising executive3. culture shock 4. public holiday5. annual general meeting 6. search engine7. distance learning 8. luxury goods9. niche market 10. beauty products11.变焦镜头 12.单行道13.平面造型设计师 14. 无息贷款15.服务人员 16. 主菜17.空中电影 18. 儿童保育服务19.光盘 20. 现金流II. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box, changing forms where necessary. (10%) balance candidates identify commercials charge partner essential global communicate fund 1. First, to connect to the Internet, you need to _.2. The company invites a small number of the best _ to an interview.3. TMC is one of the biggest sports agencies in the world. It _ the sportspeople commission based on the money they earned.4. People who didnt know Subway sandwiches never saw any _ or heard from other people about the stores.5. Food can _ complex messages about status, nationality and identity.6. Around 1400 BC Polynesians paddled across the open ocean in canoes, searching for new trading _, and the age of business travel began.7. Problem-solving is an _ skill both at home and in the office.8. It has never been easy to _ work and leisure.9. Companies which deal in the _ marketplace need to be able to adapt to different business cultures.10. If a firm wants to sell successfully, it must _ the target market.III. Multiple choices: choose the best answer for each of the following sentences. (15%)1. The expansion of a firm means it can produce more goods or sell more of its products. ( )a. manufacture b. increase c. reduce d. manage2. In 1973, the Unite States had a population of 209,123, 000. ( )a. two hundred nine thousand million and one hundred twenty-threeb. twenty hundred ninety million one hundred twenty-three thousandc. twenty-nine million one hundred twenty-three thousandd. two hundred nine million one hundred twenty-three thousand3. There was no news; nevertheless we went on hoping. ( )a. forb. therefore c. however d. in case4. Dont bother the manager about business when he and his wife are enjoying themselves in the holiday resort. ( )a. seaside area b. holiday inn c. mountain regiond. popular places for holiday5. Whose job is ( ), a firemans or a policemans?a. more dangerous b. the more dangerous c. the most dangerous d. as dangerous as6. Many of her novels are said to ( ) in the past few years.a. film b. have been filmed c. be filmed d. be filming7. It has been ten years since I ( ) my hometown.a. have leftb. leavec. left d. was leaving8. In class, the teacher told all his pupils that the earth ( ) around the sun.a. moves b. movec. movedd. are moving9. When you came yesterday, I ( ) very tired because I had worked in the garden all day.a. am feeling b. feltc. was feelingd. have felt10. By next month, my father ( ) in the hospital fro 25 years.a. will workb. will be workingc. will have been working d. has worked11. She glanced over her shoulder to make sure she ( ).a. wasnt followingb. wasnt being followedc. hadnt been followed d. might not be following12. Mr. Edwards ( ) to the Hong Kong branch by the Head Office.a. has sent b. has been sent c. may have sentd. is being sent13. The conference hall could have been built on time if the shipment ( ).a. wouldnt be delayed b. havent been delayed c. wasnt delayed d. hadnt been delayed14. Either the strikers or the boss ( ) the claim.a. has misunderstood b. have misunderstoodc. is misunderstanding d. are misunderstanding15. To most westerners, bread and butter ( ) to cakes.a. is preferred b. are preferred c. is being preferred d. are to be preferredIV. Cloze. (15%)Wholesaling is part (1) _ the marketing system (2) _ provides channels of distribution that are used to (3) _ goods to market. Most manufactured consumer goods are marketed through (4) _ indirect channel. This might be from the manufacturer to the wholesaler to the retailer to the consumer, or through more complicated (5) _. However, in general, wholesalers deal in products that are to be resold (6) _ retailers to consumers. A direct channel moves goods from the manufacturer or producer (7) _ the consumer.Wholesaling is mostly a field of small business, (8) _ there is a growing chain movement in the United States. About a quarter of wholesaling units account (9) _ one-third of total sales.(10) _ of the wholesaling middlemen are merchant wholesalers who take title to the goods they deal in. there are (11) _ agent middlemen who negotiate purchases or sales or (12) _, but they dont take title to the goods they deal in. they sometimes take possession, though. These agents dont (13) _ salaries. They receive commissions; this is a percentage of the (14) _ of the goods they (15) _. 1. a. of b. on c. in d. at2. a. whatb. whenc. whichd. where3. a. bring b. bringingc. take d. taking4. a. a b. the c. /d. an5. a. markets b. channelsc. shopsd. stores6. a. as b. in c. from d. by7. a. at b. to c. betweend. on8. a. so b. suchc. althoughd. in spite of9. a. on b. ontoc. for d. to10.a. Two-thirdb. Twos-thirdsc. Two-thirdsd. Two-third11.a. too b. alsoc. againd. still12.a. twob. allc. both d. each13.a. require b. regainc. demandd. earn14.a. price b. valuec. prized. award15.a. buy b. boughtc. soldd. sellV. Reading comprehension. (20%)Passage1Paul Samuelson(1915-), who in 1970 became the first American to receive a Nobel Prize in economics, is one of the worlds most widely known economists, and some would argue that he is the greatest contemporary economist. Millions of college students both in the United States and abroad have used his introductory textbook, which first appeared nearly 40 years age. In addition, millions of readers of American and foreign newspapers and magazines have been influenced by his articles on economic policies.Samuelson received a bachelors degree from the University of Chicago in 1935 and a doctorate in economics from Harvard University in 1941. At the age of 32, he became a full professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Professional economists throughout the world have studied and been led toward further research by the extraordinary range of Samuelsons scientific work, which includes hundreds of papers and several books. Samuelson pioneered the use of mathematics in economics. His first book Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947), gave precise mathematical meaning to much of economic reasoning, thus breaking new ground（开辟新天地）by making economics a more precise and scientific discipline.Samuelson has been a leading spokesman for Keynesian economics, a school of economic thought named after the British economist John Maynard Keynes. He also has been a leading critic of another school of economic thought known as monetarism. Samuelson believes that the government can and should use its spending and taxing powers to influence the level of total spending in the economy to control unemployment and inflation.1. Paul Samuelson is _A. an American economistB. an American mathematicianC. an American leading spokesmanD. Both a and b2. Millions of students and reader have been influenced by _A. his extraordinary ideasB. his introductory text bookC. foreign newspapers and magazinesD. his articles on economic policies3. Samuelson received _A. a Nobel Prize in economics in 1970B. a bachelors degree in 1935C. a doctorate in 1941D. all of the above4. What was his outstanding contribution in economics?A. He pioneered the use of mathematics in economics.B. He gave a more precise and scientific discipline for students.C. He has been a leading spokesman for Keynesian economics.D. He suggested the government should use its spending and taxing powers.5. Samuelson believes that unemployment and inflation can be controlled by _A. making economics a more precise and scientific disciplineB. the use of governments spending and taxing powersC. the governments economic policyD. Both b and cPassage 2Adam Smith (1723 - 1790), who was affectionately called “a shy and absent-minded scholar” by his contemporaries, revolutionized the economic world with the publication of his book The Wealth of Nations in 1776. Because of the ideas expounded in his book, Smith is generally credited with championing the economic freedom, industrialization, and prosperity that characterized the Western world during the nineteenth century.At the age of 28, the Scottish-born Smith became a professor of logic and moral philosophy at the University of Glasgow. His studies led him to believe that people always act in their own best interests. Individual self-interest, he contended, was not a curse but a powerful vehicle for economic progress. He argued that if individuals were allowed to pursue their own interest free from government interference, they would be led as if by and “invisible hand” to promote what was best for society as a whole.Smith also promoted other revolutionary ideas. He argued that the wealth of a nation did not lie with gold and silver, as was commonly thought, but rather was determined by the goods and services available to the people. In addition, he recognized the advantages of the division of labor. To Smith, it was more productive for a worker to become skilled at, and complete a particular task in a job, than it was for the worker to do the entire job alone. Such greater productivity would in turn lead to greater wealth for individuals.Smiths ideas paved the way for the systematic study of economics. Later economists were to build on Smiths foundation. Because of his approach to economic questions, his organization of the discipline, and his substantive theory, Adam Smith is generally regarded as the founder of economics.1. Adam Smith was _A. a founder of economicsB. a shy and absent-minded scholarC. the author of The Wealth of NationsD. All of the above2. Because of the ideas expounded in The Wealth of Nations, Smith is _A. believed as the person who spoke of the economic freedom and industrialization in the Western worldB. marked difference from other economistsC. considered as a revolutionaryD. called “a shy and absent-minded scholar”3. Smith believed that if individuals were allowed to pursue their own interests, _A. they wou