2010中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟题 二.doc

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料模拟试题二 I. Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. After we had been in the village for a few months, we so liked it that we decided to settle there B. for good 2. I am easily hurt because my feelings are very _ C. sensitive _ 3. A large sum of money has been raised for the _ D. benefit _ of the poorly educated children in the mountainous districts. 4. High speed aircraft is made of metals that can _ D. withstand _ both high temperature and pressure. 5. He failed again in the driving test. I dont know why _ D. on earth _ he was so nervous. 6. No one can behave _ A. at will _ ., completely regardless of social conventions. 7. The attack on Pearl Harbor _ C. aroused _ the indignation of the whole nation. 8. Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the U.S. to _ C. celebrate _ the centennial ( -qz ) of Einsteins birth. 9. With the winter here you can _ B. put away _ these skirts till you need them again next summer. 10. In the bitter cold, the explorers managed to _ B. survive _ despite the shortage of food. 11. She was a simple, _ D. practical _ and hard-working woman. 12. It is _ D. common _ practice to bring a present to the hostess when one is invited to dinner. 13. Mother hopes her son will _ A. keep from _ doing anything rash. 14. The Johnsons _ B. looked over _ the house before they decided to buy it. 15. It was a long time before the cut on my hand _ A. healed _ completely. 16. They remained full of hope and determination _ D. in spite of _ their repeated failures. 17. I mistook you A. for your brother. 18. A. Access to secret document is denied to all but few. 19. On Christmas Eve, we had several guests, who were B. mostly . friends of our daughter. 20. He has to make a living by himself because he doesnt have parents to _ C. rely on _ II. Grammatical Structure Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 21. So forcefully _ C. did he speak _ that we were all convinced. 22. It is human nature to think back to a Golden Age A. when ones country was strong and respected. 23. C, Give them an inch, and they will ask for a mile. is just one of the wise sayings in the English language24. Isnt it lovely to think that I _ C. will be enjoying myself on the sunny beach tomorrow at this time. 25. He always dreams of _ A. there being _ a chance for him to bring into full play his potential. 26. Id just as soon remind D. you didnt take those important documents with you. 27. The only thing . A. that really matters to the children is how soon they can return to their aunt and uncles farm 28. D. Not having been written carefully _, the book has many mistakes. 29. I guess Jones didnt have a chance to win the election. _ C. Almost all of the people in the city voted for hisopponent. 30. Susan must _ D. have done _ quite well on the exam since she seems so confident of passing. 31. The ancient Egyptians believed all illnesses were related to _ C. what _ was eaten. 32. How many times have I told you _ C. not to play _ football on the street? 33. Never before that night A. had I felt the extent of my own power. 34. The newly developing science of artificial intelligence aims at programming the computer to think, reason and react B. in much the same way that people do. 35. Your hair needed B. cutting ; I am glad you had it cut. 36. I wish that he _ D. could have gone _ to the movies with me yesterday. 37. A. Hardly had he arrived _ at the railway station when it began to rain. 38. _ A. Compared with _ the number of paid holidays enjoyed by most employees in the company, three weeks of vacation seems generous. 39. He is younger than A. any other boy in the class 40. You _ C. must have misunderstood _ me because I didnt say that. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage: According to the dictionary definition of create, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means to bring into being, to cause to exist-something each of us does daily. We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sense to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression, There is nothing new under the sun, the creativity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph. A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day to day activities. 41. The author holds that A. creativity is of highly demand B. creativity is connected with a deep insight to some extent C. creativity is to create something new and concrete D. to practise and practise is the only way to cultivate ones creativity 42. There is nothing new under the sun. (Par. 3) really implies that _ A. we can seldom create new things B. a new thing is only a tale C. a new thing can only be created at the basis of original things D. we can scarcely see really new things in the world 43. What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice? A. Its more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice. B. To find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing. C. One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice. D. A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor. 44. The best title for this passage is _ A. How to Cultivate Ones Creativity B. What is Creativity C. The Importance of Creativity D. Creativity-a Not Farway Thing Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage: Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called, she began to dress only in white-a habit that added to her reputation as an eccentric. In their determination to read Dickinsons life in terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life-her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luces 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst. Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society in the 1850s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a more general pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for self sovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and irony their cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stem patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of true womanhood. 45. Whats the authors main purpose in the passage? A. To interpret Emily Dickinsons eccentric behavior. B. To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson. C. To discuss Emily Dickinsons failed love affair. D. To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinsons time. 46. Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickinsons eccentricities? A. Refusing to eat. B. Wearing only white. C. Avoiding visitors. D. Staying in her room. 47. The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinsons seclusion to _ A. physical illness B. a failed love affair C. religious fervor D. her dislike of people 48. It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by _ A. strong Puritan beliefs B. equality of men and women C. the encouragement of nonconformity D. the appreciation of poetic creativity Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage: The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be all things to all people. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, the nations colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文 凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an integrated core of common learning. Such a core would introduce students to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. Although the key to a good college is a high quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicate themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任职), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculties say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. 49. The word core (lines 9, 1 st paragraph) might mean A. aim B. unit C. center D. course 50. One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that _ A. a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many colleges B. students dont have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learn C. skills are being taught as a means to an end D. students are not interested in learning 51. American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their fouryeardegree candidates because A. most of them lack high quality faculties B. students are becoming more and more lazy C. there are not enough incentives for students to study hard D. they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching 52. It can be inferred from the passage that high quality college education calls for _ A. high quality faculties B. a commitment to students and effective teaching C. the cultivation of students interest in learning D. dedication to research in frontier areas of knowledge Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage: Once upon a time, the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around. Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over. Plenty of space for parks and factories. Plenty of forests to cut and grasslands to pl0w. But that was once upon a time. The days of unused land are over. Now the land has been spoken for, fenced off, carved up into cities and farms and industrial parks, put to use. At the same time, the population keeps growing. People need places to work and places to play. So we need more sites for more industries, more beaches for more sunbathers, and more clean rivers for more fishers. And it isnt just a matter of population growth. Our modem technology has needs that must be met, too. We need more coal for energy, and we need more power plants; cars must have highways and parking lots, and jets must have airports. Each of these land uses swallows up precious space. Highways and expressways alone take some 200,000 acres each year. And urban sprawl - the spreading out of cities - is expected to gobble up vast areas of land by the year 2,000. But there is only so much land to go around. It is always hard to decide. Take, for example, a forest. A forest can be a timber supply. It can provide a home for wildlife. It is scenery and a recreation area for man. It is soil and watershed protection. 53. .the United States seemed to have plenty of land to go around means that _ A. the United States seemed to have vast land for its people to walk around B. the United States seemed to have enough land for sharing with everyone C. the United States could provide whatever its inhabitents needs D. the United States was not able to allow its people to do what they wanted to 54. The sentence of Plenty of rivers to dam and plenty of rural valleys left over suggests that A, the United States had a lot of rivers to dam and many rural valleys, too B. the rivers could be dammed later C. rural valleys would be considered in the future D. people neednt think of the rivers and valleys 55. Now the land has been spoken for, . tells us that _ A. today, land has shown its values B. now, people have said something about land C. nowadays, land has been claimed by human beings D. recently, people spoke for the land 56. The word sprawl indicates that A. cities are developing very fast to meet the peoples demands B. urban areas are diminishing smoothly C. urban areas are enlarging steadily in a planned way D. cities are spreading out without any plans Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage: Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed. Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts. 57. What kind of society tends to promote social changes? A. A society where people are similar in many ways. B. A society where there are only white people. C. A society where there are only black people. D. A society where there is a mixture of different kinds of people.