2017年高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 基础知识聚焦 unit 4 earthquakes课件 新人教版必修1【更多资料关注@高中学习资料库 】

路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,走向高考 英语,人教版 高考总复习,Unit 4Earthquakes,必修一,第一部分基础知识聚焦,.单词速记A快速识记1_ n& vt. 援救；营救2_ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭3_ n标题；头衔；资格4_ n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处5_ vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境6_ n. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产7_ vi.爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发8_ n. 要点；大纲；轮廓vt.概述；略述,rescue,destroytitlesheltertrapruinburstoutline,9_ n. 记者_ n& vt.报告；报导10_ adj.极度的_ adv. 极其；非常11_ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏_ n埋葬；葬礼12_ n祝贺；贺词_ vt. 祝贺；恭喜；庆贺13_ n污垢；泥土_ adj.脏的；下流的；卑鄙的14_ adv. 真诚地；真挚地_ adj.真诚的；诚挚的,reporter,report,extreme,extremely,bury,burial,congratulation,congratulate,dirt,dirty,sincerely,sincere,15_ n灾难；灾祸_ adj. 灾难性的；损失惨重的16_ n裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断_ n判断；判断力17_ vt.损害；伤害_ adj.受伤的；受损害的_ n伤害；受伤；损害18_ vt.使惊吓；吓唬_ adj.受惊的；受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的,disaster,disastrous,judge,judgment,injure,injured,injury,frighten,frightened,frightening,19_ n民族；国家；国民_ adj.国家的；民族的_ n. 国籍；民族20_ v(使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊_ adj.震惊的_ adj.令人震惊的,nation,national,nationality,shock,shocked,shocking,B归类巧记1“自然灾害”相关单词一览disaster n灾难；不幸earthquake n. 地震drought n. 旱灾；干旱eruption n. (火山)喷发hurricane n. 飓风tsunami n. 海啸,2“破坏”家庭damage n& vt. 损失；损害destroy vt. 毁坏；毁掉ruin n& vt. 毁灭；废墟3“less”后缀的形容词归纳useless 无用的helpless 无助的homeless 无家可归的harmless 无害的jobless 失业的endless 无尽的,.高频短语1结束；终结_2刮走；吹走_3代替_4掘出；发现_5许多；大量_6倒塌_7立刻；马上_8毁坏；成为废墟_9陷入/陷在下面_,at an endblow awayinstead of.dig outa great number offall downright away(at once/in no time/immediately)in ruinsbe trapped in,10带来；引进_11以而自豪_12因为/作为出名_13像往常一样_14好像_15突然大笑/大哭_,bring intake pride inbe known for/as(be famous/noted for/as)as usualas ifburst into laughter/tears或burst out laughing/crying,16祝贺/恭喜_17轻视；不重视_18睡醒；醒来_19因为感到自豪_20之后不久_,congratulations on sth.(注意与on搭配)think little of(表“重视”的短语有think highly of/pay much attention to/attach great importance to等)wake upbe proud of.not long after.(soon/shortly after .),.佳句填空1But the one million people of the city, _ thought little of these events, were asleep _ _ that night.但是唐山市的100万居民几乎没有把这些情况当回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。2Everywhere they looked nearly everything _(destroy)人们无论朝哪里看，一切都几乎被毁坏了。3People began to wonder how long the disaster _(last)人们开始纳闷儿，这场灾难还会持续多久。,4It seemed as if the world was _ _ _.似乎世界末日来临了。5_ hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。6I asked a man _(stand)next to me _ _.我问站在我旁边的一个人出了什么事。答案：1.who; as usual2.was destroyed3.would last4.at an end5.All6.standing; what happened,.语法过关定语从句()1(2013湖南改编)Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.答案：who句意：快乐和成功经常会眷顾那些善于欣赏自己优点的人。分析句子成分可知，“_ are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句，修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。,2Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone _ functions are more practical.答案：whose考查定语从句。先行词a smart mobile phone与从句中functions构成所属关系，故用关系代词whose。3“God，please dont let anything happen today _ I cant handle. ”This was my daily prayer during my first year of teaching.答案：that考查定语从句。句意：上帝，今天请不要发生任何我无法处理的事情，这是我第一年教学时每天要祈祷的。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词为不定代词anything。故用that不用which。,4What does the notice say?All the storytellers should meet at the same hall _ won the first three prizes.答案：who/that根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“_ won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。,5The Great Wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.答案：which/that分析句子结构可知，“_almost all tourists would like to visit”为定语从句，修饰先行词the place，关系代词在从句中充当visit的宾语，故填which或that。,.语篇填空But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything _ (destroy). All of the citys hospitals, 75% of _ factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow _ away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway tracks were now _(use) pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead.,Sand now filled _ wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, _(late) that afternoon, _ big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped _ the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard _(get). People began to wonder how long the disaster _(last)答案：was destroyeditsthemuselessthelateranotherunderto getwould last,1.burst v. 爆裂；突发归纳拓展burst in 闯进来；突然插嘴burst into 突然爆发；闯入burst out/forth doing sth. 突然开始做某事burst into laughterburst out laughing 放声大笑burst into tearsburst out crying 放声大哭burst out 冒出a burst of laughter/anger 一阵大笑/大怒,巧学助记,My English teachers humor was such as to make every student _ _ _.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以至于每个同学都哈哈大笑起来。(2)用burst的相关词语完成下列小片段。随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似地走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。With _ _ laughter, Wang Xifeng _ the room, whose flattering(谄媚的) words made Mrs. Jia _ _.,答案：(1)suddenly burstburst out screamingburst into laughter/burst out laughing(2)a burst ofburst intoburst with joy,2injure vt. 伤害；使受伤；损害归纳拓展(1)injure sb. 伤害某人injure sb.s leg/arm/eye 伤害某人的腿/胳膊/眼睛injure sb.s reputation/figure/feelings, etc. 损害某人的名誉/形象/伤害某人的感情等be/get seriously/slightly injured 受重/轻伤(2)the injured 伤员injury to 对的伤害,辨析injure/wound/hurt/harm,He suffered serious _(injure) to the arms and shoulders.The _(injure) were successfully rescued from the ruins.答案：injured his hands and kneesinjuredinjuriesinjured,3rescue n. 营救，救援；救援行动vt. 营救；救援归纳拓展(1)rescue . from . 从中抢救或营救 (2)rescue work/workers 救援工作/救援人员go/come to ones rescue 援救或帮助某人,4judge n. 裁判员；法官vt. 断定；判决；判断归纳拓展(1)judge sb./sth. by/from 以判断judging from/by 从判断 (常作插入语使用)judge sb./sth. (to be) good/bad/fair, etc. 认定某人(某事)好/坏/公平等as far as sb. can judge 据某人判断,(2)judgment n判断温馨提示：judging from/by.置于句首作状语。v.ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking坦白地说；considering.考虑到。,_ _ _ _ _ _， Im afraid you are quite wrong.据我判断，你完全错了。答案：Judging from/by his accentdont/never judge a book by its coverAs far as I can judge,5ruin n. & vt. 毁灭，破坏归纳拓展(1)in ruins 严重破坏；破败不堪fall into ruins 成为废墟bring sth./sb. to ruin 使毁灭；使落空；使某人破产bring ruin to oneself 自取灭亡(2)ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉,6bury vt.埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入归纳拓展(1)be buried in 埋头于；专心于be buried/lost in thought 沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面,答案：(1)was buriedbury his feelings(2)a.As he buried himself inbAs he was buried in cBuried in,7shelter nU掩蔽；遮蔽；庇护；栖身地vi.躲避vt.提供庇护所归纳拓展take shelter from躲避under the shelter of在的庇护下；受的保护a bus shelter公共汽车亭give sb. shelter庇护某人shelter sb./sth. from.庇护某人/某物免受,1.think little of 轻视；不重视归纳拓展(1)think highly/well/much of . 对评价高/印象好think nothing of . 觉得不怎么样，没什么了不起think badly/poorly/ill of . 对评价低(2)speak highly/well of.高度赞扬speak ill of.说的坏话sing high praise for.高度赞扬,2at an end 终了；结束归纳拓展bring . to an end 使终止come to an end 结束put an end to 使终止end up (with) 以结束/告终 make both ends meet 量入为出at the end of 在末端，在结束时,by the end of 到末为止since the end of 自从末以来in the end 最后，最终There is no end to . 没有止境/尽头温馨提示at an end后不可接of；at the end of中的of不可省略，后面既可接时间名词，也可接地点名词；by the end of后面接表示时间的名词，谓语要与完成时连用：by the end of过去时间，谓语用过去完成时；by the end of将来时间，谓语用将来完成时。,3a great number of 许多；大量归纳拓展修饰可数名词的短语：a large/great number ofa good/great many修饰不可数名词的短语：a large amount ofa good/great deal of,修饰可数或不可数名词的短语：a lot of/lots ofa quantity of/quantities ofplenty of温馨提示(1)“a large number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数，“the number of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；(2)“large quantities/amounts of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,(2)单句语法填空。The number of people invited to the party _ (be) 100, but a number of them _(be) absent for different reasons.答案：(1)A large number ofthe number of car accidentsare being washed away(2)is/was; are/were,1.In the farmyard, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。tooadj./adv.(for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)太不能,归纳拓展以下三种情况下，该结构表达肯定意义：(1)当形容词是表心情的ready, glad, happy, eager, anxious, willing等时。(2)与never, can not连用时，意为“非常，怎么做也不过分”。(3)在too前有far, much, only, but修饰时，表肯定意义，且带有一定的感情色彩。,2It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界好像到了末日。It seems/looks as if . 似乎/好像 as if引导表语从句。归纳拓展as if引导的从句，若表示与事实相反，从句要用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。如果表示客观事实，不用虚拟语气。as if to do . 好像要做 as if doing . 好像正在做,3All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。温馨提示(1)当not与all，both，complete，each，every，everyone，everything，whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。(2)no，none，no one，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示完全否定。,_ in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观长城。(2)句型转换。All my friends do not study well._(变为同义句)_(变为完全否定句)答案：(1)Not all the studentsNot every boyNothing(2)Not all of my friends study well；None of my friends study well,5As is estimated, _ _ _ _ _(成千上万的人) lost their lives and homes owing to the strong earthquake.6是我的姐姐最后作出决定步行整个中国。(强调句型)_ _ my sister _ _ _ _ _ _ to walk across the whole China.7_ _ _ _ _ (大量的农民) flow into the big cities, leaving the farmland deserted in the countryside.,8只有你现在好好利用时间来学习，将来才能成功。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to study at present will you be successful in the future.9无论习主席走到哪里，他都受到热烈地欢迎。_ _ _ _ _ _， he will receive warm welcome.10在我看来，不管我提出什么建议，他都不重视。From my point of _， whatever suggestions I _ _， he _ _ _ _.,答案：1.congratulations on his success2.is proud of3.It is reported that4.as if/though; at an end5.tens of thousands of people6.It was; who/that made up her mind finally7.A large number of farmers8.Only by making good use of your time9.No matter where(Wherever) Chairman Xi goes10.view; put forward; thought little of them,6Twothirds of the people died or was injured during the Wenchuan earthquake._7But the one million people of the city, they thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night._8Believe it or not, Lilys sister burst into crying when we were eating._9The two ladies are of the same age, but it looks as if one were ten years older than other._10After visiting Chi