力学单词(个人整理,有错见谅).doc

Strength, 力量Stiffness, 硬度Stability and buckling, 稳定和屈曲Axial tension/compression, 轴向拉/压Normal stress, 正应力Normal strain, 正应变Shear stress, 剪应力Shear strain, 剪应变Stresses on inclined section 45o about x-axis, 与X轴成45度的斜截面上的应力Extensometer, 伸长计Modulus of elasticity (Youngs modulus), 弹性模量（杨氏模量）Poissons ratio, 泊松比True stress, 真应力necking,颈缩Linear elastic,线弹性 Prismatic/Nonprismatic beams，恒/变截面梁Proportional limit, 比例极限Elastic limit, 弹性极限Yielding, 屈服Yield stress, 屈服应力Offset stress,屈服极限 Ultimate stress, 极限应力Plastic/residual strain,塑性形变 Percent elongation, 延长率Percent reduction in area, 截面收缩率Creep, 蠕变Relaxation, 松弛Work hardening, 硬化阶段Unload and reload, 卸载和重载Stress concentration, 应力集中Allowable stresses, 许用应力Factor of safety, 安全因素Failure form for different kind of materials in tension, 不同材料受拉时的失效形式Compression, and torsion, 压缩和拉伸Shearing and bearing, 剪切和轴承Axial rigidity, 拉压刚度 Equation of compatibility, 协调方程Shear modulus of elasticity, 弹性剪切模量Equality of shear stresses, Shear strain, 剪切应力应变方程Pure shear, 纯剪切Hookes law, 胡克定律Isotropic, 各向同性Anisotropic, 各向异性Orthotropic, 正交各向异性Torsion, Torque, 扭转，扭矩Shaft, 杆Torsional rigidity, 拉伸刚度Nonuniform torsion, 非均匀扭转Angle of twist, 扭转角Pure bending，纯弯曲Bending force and bending moment,弯力和弯矩 Neutral surface and Neutral axis, 中性面和中性轴Type of beam, 梁的形式Normal stress in beam, 梁的正应力Maximum normal stress in beam, 梁的最大正应力Curvature of neutral surface, 中性面的曲率Moment of inertia, 转动惯量Section modulus, 截面模量Fully stressed beam, 全受力梁Plane assumption used in tension/torsion/bending, 拉伸/扭转/弯曲平面假设Nonuniform bending, 不均匀弯曲Stress state, 应力状态Maximum shear stress, 最大剪应力Plane stress, 平面应力Plane strain, 平面应变Mohrs circle, 摩尔圆Principal stress, 主应力Combined Loading,混合载荷 Angle of rotation, 旋转角Deflection curve, 挠度曲线Failure criteria,失效准则 Generalize Hookes law, 广义胡克定律Composite beam, 复合梁Eccentric axial loads, 偏心载荷Critical section and critical point, 危险截面和危险点Steps for determining the critical section, Slenderness ratio, 长度与直径比Effective-length factor, 有效长度系数Critical load, 危险载荷Strain gage,