A级辅导：时态(20)student.doc

三、时态与语态（一）时态基本构成形式英语动词从时间上看，有现在、过去、将来及过去将来之分。从“体”（aspect）上看，有一般、进行、完成及完成进行之区别。时间体现在过去将来过去将来一般write(s)wroteshallwritewillshouldwritewould进行amis writingarewaswritingwereshallbe writingwillshouldbe writingwould完成havewrittenhashad writtenshallhave writtenwillshouldhave writtenwould完成进行havebeen writinghashad been writingshallhave been writingwillshouldhave been writingwould（二）重点考查的时态1、将来完成时态将来完成时态表示在将来某时刻前已经完成的动作。往往用by the time, before, when引导的时间状语从句表示将来某一时间，它也用来表示一种假设。真题示例（09，6）16. By the end of this year Mr. Smith _in our company for exactly three years. A. is working B. has worked C. will work D. will have worked（08,12）25.By the time you come to see me next month, I _ my term paperA. have completed B. am completing C. complete D. will have completed（06,12）27By the end of next month, we(find) _a good solution to the technical problem(05-12)27. By the end of this year the factory (produce) _ 20,000 cell phones. (04-6) By the time you get to Shanghai tomorrow, I _ for Chongqing. A) am leaving B) will leave C) shall have left D) had left2. Most students (take) _ sixty credits by the time they graduate. (03-6)4. The students _ their papers by the end of this month. (02-6)A) have finished B) will be finishing C) will have finished D) have been finishing5. I decide to leave the company next month, where I _ for exactly three years. (01-12)A) will have worked B) is working C) will be working D) work2、过去完成时在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。常与by或before 短语连用或与when, before, after引导的从句连用。在含有no soonerthan, scarcelywhen(before), hardlywhen(before)等的句子中，主句的谓语动词常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。真题示例（09，6）31.She described the ancient city in detail because she (live) _ there for years.1. Though he _ well prepared before the job interview, he failed to answer some important questions. (05-6)A) will be B) would be C) has been D) had been(05-1)32. By the end of last year, nearly a million cars (produce) _ in that auto factory. 3. Jim told me he (join) _ the army two years before. (03-12)4. He was told that the stranger (wait) _ for him for 2 hours. (02-12)3、现在完成时、完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直到现在结束的动作，并对现在产生一定的影响。表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，或者可能要继续进行下去。真题示例（08,12）33. In the past few years ,traffic problems (become) _more and more serious（08,6）32. My mother (enjoy) _a better health since we came to live in this beautiful seaside city.(07, 12)24.In our company ,great changes _since the new manager came.A. took place B. take place C. will have taken place D. have taken place(07, 12)28.Karl probably (see) _ “Star Wars” several times for he knows every detail of the film.(07, 6)17. For years, doctors_ millions of patients lives with the help of microscopesA have saved Bare saving C will save D were saving(07, 6)29. NO one can deny that we (make)_tremendous progress in the past twenty years(06, 6)20 Ever since I arrived here, I _ in the dormitory because it is cheaper. (06-6)A) had been living B) was living C) lived D) have been living(05, 12)20 He _ in this company since he graduated from Andong Technical College ten years ago. A) worked B) has been working C) had worked D) was working(03-6)Linda feels exhausted because she _ so many visitors today. A) has been having B) had been having C) was having D) had had4、一般过去时：表示在过去某一点时间发生的动作或所处的状态。常与明确的过去时间状语连用。在A级考试中往往要根据并列结构去判断。真题示例(06-6)27. John not only learnt Chinese but also (know) _ the difference between his culture and ours.(05-1)18. The car _ by the side of the road and the driver tried to repair it.A) breaks down C) has broken downB) was breaking down D) broke down2. During the earthquake the room (shake) _ and all the pictures fell off the wall. (02-6) 5、过去将来时：表示从过去看将来要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾语从句中。真题示例The villagers told us that a new bridge (build) _ across the river in a year. (04-6)The police promised that they (try) _ their best to look into the matter. (02-6)答案：1. would be built 2) would try6、一般现在时、过去进行时、将来进行时真题示例(07, 12)33.Since five managers are going to give their reports, the meeting (last) _ for at least two hours.(2005.6) 30.we surely (find)_a good solution to the technical problems .in the near future.1. This time next week Ill be on vacation. Probably I _ on a beautiful beach. (03-12)A) am lying B) have lain C) will be lying D) will have lain2. Most of the people who are visiting Britain