广州牛津版初二英语知识点u7.doc

短语 一) 1. give up放弃，认输 2. letin 使进入 3mountains of 大量的4be in danger 处于险境5in order to do 为了做6a kind of （某）种7get back to 回到上8cause to do 引起；造成9. notbut 不是而是10. answer to 的答案11in the form of 以的形式12. be different from 与不同13. keepfrom doing 使与分开跟踪练习 一、 根据中文意思完成句子。1 如果你在铁路上行走，那是很危险的。Youll be _ _ if you walk on railway line.2 请让他进来。Please _ him _.3请不要让那些孩子在河里游泳。Please _ the children from _ in the river.4我们离题了，让我们回到刚才讨论的议题吧。Were away from our topic. Let us _ _ _ the subject we were discussing.5她父亲戒了烟-Her father _ _ smoking.6你的看法同我的看法并无多大区别。Your ideas are not much _ _ mine7 这孩子对老师提出的问题回答很快。The boy gave a quick _ _ the teachers question.8他不是歌唱家，而是个作家。He is _ a singer _ a writer.二、 根据句意选择方框内的词组填空。kind of, in the form of, mountains of, in order to 1. My garden is _ a square.2. John served me with _ whisky.3. He started early _ catch the bus.4. We must overcome（克服） _ difficulties our study. 二） 1. put out 扑（火）2. go to prison 坐牢3. take a holiday 休假4. notuntil 直到才5. pay a fine of 付款6. give a reason 说明原因7. get sth done 使完成让某人做某事9. as manymuch as 和一样多10. know of 知道（熟悉）11. warmup 使活跃起来12. prefer to do 喜欢愿意做13. inform sb about/ of sth 通知某人 14. help sb with sth 帮助某人（做）某事15. take sth with sb 随身携带16. ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助17. the same as 和一样跟踪练习 一、根据中文意思完成句子。 1 请注意你的书写。 _ _ _ your handwriting, please. 2 他们一起在公园前照了一张相。They _ a photograph _ in front of the park3 约翰上个月坐牢了。John _ _ _ last month.4 请给我说明你做这件事的原因吧。 _ me a _ for doing it, please. 5 我愿意等到天黑。I _ _ wait until evening:6我用一盆水把火扑灭了。I _ _ the fire with a basin of water.7他们通常每年休一个月的假。They usually _ a months _ every year.8我听说过这部电影，但是我还没有看。I _ _ the film but I havent seen it yet. 二 、选择词组填空as many as, as much as, as many, as much 1. Take _ you like.2. You may try _ times as he could.3. On the continent of Africa, there are _700languages.三、 根据汉语意思用like, belike或would like填空。1 她长得像她妈妈。She _ her mother.2我想参加你的生日聚会。I _ to come to your birthday party.3他喜欢周末去爬山。He _ going climbing at weekends.Reading A 1 The atmosphere around Earth acts like the glass. 环绕地球的大气层像玻璃一样发挥作用。解读：句中的like不能用as代替，因为大气和玻璃不属于同类。like与as区别如下：like侧重A、B两者间的比较，并不意味着A和B属于一类或完全相似；as则侧重于同一性质，意味着A、B两者属于同一类事物或完全相似的事物，as还可以意为“作为，看作”。例如：The boy climbed up the tree like a monkey. 这个男孩像猴子那样爬树。He wanted to be an engineer as his father was before him. 他想象他父亲那样当一名工程师。As a teacher, she is strict with h her students. 作为一名教师，她严格要求学生。 2 it is keeping in too much heat! 大气中正保存着太多的热量。解读：句中too much后面修饰不可数名词，如果是可数名词用too many。注意区别too much和much too：too much意思是“太多的”，too是用来加强much的，后面接不可名词。 much too意思是“非常，太”，much是来加强too的，后面接形容词或副词。例如： There is too much water on the floor. 地板上有很多水Its much too hot.天气太热了。 3 In order to save our world the book is asking us to become “green consumers”. 为了拯救我们的世界，这本书呼吁我们做“绿色消费者”。解读：句中in order to：后面要跟动词原形；为“为了目的”。例如：He studies hard in order to go to high school. 他努力学习就为了考上高中。【巩固练习】 选择最佳答案填空。1. He felt uncomfortable because he ate _.A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too2. She got up early _ catch the first busA. because B. in order to C. for D. because of3. He picked up some small hard things _ stones by the river.A. like B. look like C. as D. the same asReading B 4 Whats the answer to all our pollution problems? 我们所有有关环境污染问题的答案是什么k?解读：以上句子中注意the answer to搭配中的“to”不能换作of等其他介词，类似搭配有： the key to the door（这个门的钥匙）；the key to success（成功的关键）。 5 My sister returned last month after living abroad for five years. 我的姐姐在外国居住了五年后，上个月回来。解读：以上句子是一个简单句，句子中的after作介词，后面跟名词，名词词组， 或时间短语，如果跟动词要用ing形式，例如： After the meeting, Lucy began to design the sports; section of the school newspaper. 会议后，露西开始设计校服的运动版。My parents went out s shopping after making a list. 我的父母列好清单后外出购物。He came back after two days. 他两天后就回来了。 after也能用于复合句，在复合句中作连词引导时间状语从句，如以上句句子可以改写为 My sister returned last month after she had lived abroad for five years. 6 A hundred years ago，most people died in their 40s. 一百年前，大部分人在40多岁时就去世了。(40s读作：forties)解读：表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。例如：He became a professor in his thirties (30s). 他在三十多岁时成为了教授。It was in the 1960s. 那是在二十世纪六十年代。巩固练习根据中文意思完成句子4我们早饭后就出发了。We start _ _.5. 我父亲完成手头上的工作后，将会放一个星期的假。My father will have a weeks holiday _ _ the work in hand.6在这个工厂工作了5年后，Uncle Ming就出国了。Uncle Ming goes abroad _ _ has _ in the factory for 5 years.7 你知道这个数学问题的答案吗？Do you know_ _ _the maths question?8他二十多岁就结婚了。He got married _ _ _. 7 Ill ask him to take his car to a garage to get it fixed. 我会让他把车送到修理厂修理。解析：“get sth + 动词过去分词”意为“让别人去做”，有被动的含义，也可以用have代替get。例如： I got my hair cut last night. 我昨晚去理发了。I must get the work finished by noon. 我必须在中午前把这工作做完。巩固练习 根据中文意思完成句子。1 今天下午我妈妈会去洗车。 My mother _ _ her car _ this afternoon.2 这个老人每周请人打扫一次房子。The old man _ _his house _ once a week. 8 词语辨析 repair，mend，fix 解析：这三个词都含有“修理，修补”的意思，有时可以通用，但也有些区别；(l) repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。例如： Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？(2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子（包括用针、线来缝补），一般指较小物体的修补。例如： This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。(3) fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件安装固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。例如： Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗？巩固练习 选择正确答案填空。 3. There is something wrong with my TV set will get it _ tomorrow.A. repaired B. fixed C. mended D. set4. The workers _ our old desks and chairs during the summer holiday.A. fixed B. mend C. repair D. made5. Mum could you please help me_ my skirt, there is a hole in it. A. make B. repair C. fix D. mend 9 prefer的用法小结(1) “prefer+名词“ 意为“喜欢”。 例如: - Would you like meat or fish?- Id prefer meat, please.(2)“prefer+动名词”。例如： Do you prefer eating at home or in a restaurant? 你喜欢在家吃还是去餐厅吃？(3)“prefer+不定式”。例如： I prefer to spend the weekend at home. 我喜欢在家里度周末。(4)“prefer A to B”。A与B是平行结构，可以是名词，也可以都是动名词。例如： Most people prefer trains to planes. 大多数人愿意坐火车而不愿坐飞机。 I prefer running to climbing. 我宁愿跑步而不愿爬山。 Bill preferred co play soccer rather than swimming. 比尔宁愿踢足球而不愿游泳。 巩固练习 根据中文意思完成句子。 6. 我父亲喜欢鱼肉。 My father would _fish.7. 露西昨天下午宁愿去逛街也不愿在家。 Lucy _ _ _ _ at home yesterday afternoon.8这个周末你愿意在家做什么？What would you_ _ _home this weekend? 9女孩子宁愿要一个布娃娃，也不要玩具枪。Girls _ a doll _a toy gun. 10 asas意为“和一样”，表示同级的比较。其否定式为not as(so)词或副词原级+as。使用时要主意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as+形容词或词原级+as。例如：This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有