Unit 4 American Dream.ppt

unit4americandream whatisamericandream thetermwasfirstusedbyjamestruslowadamsinhisbooktheepicofamericawhichwaswrittenin1931 hestates theamericandreamis thatdreamofalandinwhichlifeshouldbebetterandricherandfullerforeveryone withopportunityforeachaccordingtoabilityorachievement thedeclarationofindependence weholdthesetruthstobeself evident thatallmenarecreatedequal thattheyareendowedbycreatorwithcertaininalienablerights thatamongthesearelife libertyandthepursuitofhappiness whatisamericandream theamericandreamisthatpeoplearefreeinachievingtheirlifegoals andtheyhavetheopportunitytocreatebetterlifethroughhardwork forminoritiesandimmigrants thedreamalsoincludesfreedomandequalrights theamericandream formanyimmigrants thestatueoflibertywastheirfirstviewoftheunitedstates signifyingfreedomandpersonalliberty thestatueisaniconicsymboloftheunitedstates andoftheamericandream incommonparlance thetermamericandreamisoftenusedasasynonymforhomeownershipsincehomeshavehistoricallybeenseenasstatussymbolsseparatingthemiddleclassandthepoor sixbasicbeliefs individualfreedomself relianceequalityofopportunitycompetitionmaterialwealthhardwork thebeginningofthedreamindecember1620 withsnowalreadyflying mayflowerdroppedanchoroffcapecod fiftymen twentywomenandthirty fourchildrendrivenfromenglandfinallycametothenewlandwheretheycouldenjoytheirreligiousfreedomtothefull mayflower briefhistoryofamericandream youmayhaveheardtheterm theamericandream in1848 jamesw marshallfoundgoldincaliforniaandpeoplebeganhavinggoldendreams that19thcentury americandream motivatedthegoldrushandgavecaliforniaitsnicknameofthe goldenstate 你或许听说过 美国梦 这个词 1848年 詹姆斯 w 马歇尔在加利福尼亚州发现了金子 于是人们开始做起了寻金梦 19世纪的 美国梦 激发起的是淘金热 加利福尼亚州也由此得名 黄金之州 theamericandreamdrovenotonly1800sgold rushprospectorsbutalsowavesofimmigrantsthroughoutthatcenturyandthenext 寻梦而来的不仅仅有19世纪早期的淘金者 美国梦还掀起了19世纪乃至20世纪的移民热潮 peoplefromeurope andalargenumberofchinese arrivedintheusinthe19thcenturyhopingthatinamericatheywouldfindgoldinthestreets butmost instead workedasrailroadlaborers 19世纪 欧洲人以及大批中国人涌入美国 在他们的心目中 美国是一个遍地黄金的国度 但大部分移民却最终只能做铁路劳工 theycreatedtheoldestchinatown insanfrancisco andgavethecityachinesename theoldgoldhill 他们在圣 弗朗西斯科建了最早的唐人街 还给这个城市取了一个中国名字 叫做 旧金山 inthe20thcentury somecriticssaidthatitwasnolongerpossibletobecomeprosperousthroughdeterminationandhardwork 到了20世纪 很多评论家指出 光凭坚强意志和勤奋工作已经不可能发大财 unfaireducationforstudentsfrompoorfamiliesandracialdiscriminationalmostmadetheamericandreamanightmare 贫困生得不到公平的受教育机会 种族歧视盛行 美国梦几乎沦为一场噩梦 then inthe1990s californiasawanewwaveofdreamersinsiliconvalley peoplepouredtheirenergyintotheinternet thisnewchapteroftheamericandreamattractedmanybusinesspeopleandyoungtalentsfromchinaandindiatoformstart upsandseekfortunesinamerica 而后 在20世纪90年代 加利福尼亚的硅谷涌现出了新的梦想家 人们对因特网激情高涨 美国梦新的篇章由此揭开 中国和印度的很多商界人士以及年轻精英来此创业 寻求发财致富之路 betterpay anicehouse andarisingstandardoflivingwillalwaysbeattractive however thenewamericandreamisnolongerjustaboutmoney 优厚的薪金 舒适的房子和高标准的生活 这些都很有诱惑力 然而 这场新的美国梦却不仅仅只关乎金钱 itencouragesamericanstoconsumerationallytoprotecttheenvironment enhancethequalityoflife andpromotesocialjustice 它还促使美国人进行理性的消费 注重环保 提高生活质量及促进社会公正 theamericandreaminlater20thand21stcentury duringthe1990stothe2000s aperiodofremarkablewealthfortheu s anincreasingnumberofpeopleconfesstohavinglostfaithintheamericandream the greatrecession of2008 09particularlydampenednationalattitudes withitsmanyhomeforeclosures declineinconsumption joblayoffs andhighenergycostsassymptomaticofan endofanera ofindividualprosperity theincreasinguseoftechnologyforaninformation basedeconomycontributedtodownsizingandjobbarriers whowantstobeamillionaire changingconceptionsoftheamericandream theindustrializationofthe19thand20thcenturiesbegantoerodethedream replacingitwithaphilosophyof getrichquick avarietyofseductivebutelusivestrategieshaveevolved large prizetelevisiongameshows big jackpotstatelotteries compensationlawsuits well knownamericanindustrialists johnd rockefeller 1839 1937 whodominatedtheamericanoil refineryindustry 炼油业 andrewcarnegie 1835 1919 founderofthecarnegiesteelcompany 卡耐基钢铁公司 thegreatamericanmillionaires j p morgan financier johnd rockefeller oiltycoon wheredidtheseindustrialistsbeginfrom johnd rockefeller attheageof16wenttoworkasabookkeeper 记帐员 andrewcarnegie startedworkinacotton 棉花 factoryattheageof13 johnd rockefeller byenforcingstricteconomy 节约 andefficiency 效率 bymergers 合并 andagreementswithhisablecompetitors byruthlessly cruelly crushinghislessableopponents 对手 andbyaccumulating 积累 largecapitalreserves 资产储备 hesoondominated 控制 theamericanoil refiningindustry andrewcarnegie by1873hehadrecognizedamerica sneedforsteeland concentratingonsteelproduction beganhisacquisition 获取 offirms 公司 whichwerelaterconsolidated 合并 intothecarnegiesteelcompany carnegie ssuccesswasdueinpartto 归因于 closealliances ties withrailroad thegovernorofcalifornia arnoldschwarzenegger hasbecomethemodelofthenewamericandream afteryearsofhardwork hegrewfromapooryoungmanfromaustriaintoamoviesuperstarandthengovernor 加利福尼亚州的州长阿诺 施瓦辛格成为这场新的美国梦的典范 经过多年的辛苦工作 他终于从奥地利的一名穷小子成为电影明星 最终又成为州长 manypeoplehopehisstorycansavetheamericandreamandgivecaliforniaabrighterfuture 很多人希望他的故事能够挽救美国梦 给加利福尼亚州带来一个光明的前景 obama reclaimingtheamericandream obama a47 year oldfirst termsenatorfromillinois madehistorybybecomingthefirstafrican americanpresident electoftheunitedstates andhereclaimtheamericandream obamawithamericandream obama sfamily obama searlyenterprise thebeginningofpoliticallife election obama sfamily obamawithhisstepfather motherandsisterwhenhewas9yearsin1970 in1979 obamawithhisgrandparentscelebrategraduationfromhighschool obama searlyenterprise aftergraduatingfromcolumbiauniversityin1983 obamaworkedinaninternationalbusinesscompany obamamovedfromnewyorktochicagoin1985andworkedasacommunityorganizerinapoorafrican americanareaforthreeyears obamawenttoharvardlawschoolandwaselectedthefirstblackpresidentoftheharvardlawreview aftergraduation obamareturnedtochicagowherehepracticedcivilrightslawandtaughttheconstitutionattheuniversityofchicago inharvard thebeginningofpoliticallife obamadecidedtomakehisfirstrunforpublicofficein1996andwonaseatintheillinoisstatesenate in2004 hebecametheonlyafrican americansenatorintheunitedstatescongress election obamaannouncedhisbidforthewhitehouseonfeb 10 2007 inspringfield illinois ondec 5 2008 obamabecamethefirstafrican americanpresidentofunitedstates thekeytosuccess thekeytoobama ssuccessisbasedonthehistoricalpatternofamericasociety theprinciple fromthemasses tothemasses alsopromotedhissuccess what why finalthought who comment thepastisintelligibletousonlyinthelightofthepresent andwecanfullyunderstandthepresentonlyinthelightofthepast byedwardhalletcarr historian whoarethedreamersoftoday what who why finalthought comment inthebeginning theamericandreamwasrelatedtoimmigrantscomingtotheunitedstates nowadays thelifestylechangercertainlygrabpeople satten