北师大高二必修模块5unit13

Unit 13 People,Warmup & Lessons 1-2,Lessons3-4 & Communication Workshop,知识清单,1. _ adj. 有天赋的2. _ vt. 预言，预测3. _ n. 失败4. _ adj. 错误的5. _ vt. 控告，谴责6. _ n. 收获7. _ n. 生物学8. _ n. 助手，助理9. _ n. 眼泪,accuse,gifted,predict,failure,mistaken,（一）基本单词,harvest,biology,assistant,tear,10. _ adj. 不安的，不快的11. _ adj. 破的，断的12. _ adj. 感激的，感谢的13. _ vt. 评判14. _ adv. 部分时间地15. _ adv. 永远16. uniform n. _17. expression n. _18. emergency n. _19. academic adj. _,upset,forever,broken,grateful,judge,part-time,制服,表情；词语,紧急情况,学术的,20. association n. _21. embassy n. _22. characteristic n. _23. astronomy n._24. confirm v. _25. glare vi. _ 26. guilty adj. _27. account n. _28. satellite n. _29. block n. _30. companion n. _,联想；协会,怒视，瞪,大使馆,特点，特性,天文学,证实,同伴，伴侣,有罪的；不安的,(银行)账户,卫星；人造卫星,大厦；街区,1. _ prep. 像 v. 喜欢 _ adj. 相像的 _ v. 不喜欢 _ adj. 不像的 prep. 不像 _ adj. 可能的 _ adj. 不太可能的,unlike,like,alike,dislike,（二）派生单词,likely,unlikely,2. _ v. 依靠；依赖 _ adj. 依靠的；依赖的 _ n. 依靠；依赖 _ adj. 独立的 _ n. 独立 _ adv. 独立地,independent,depend,dependent,dependence,independence,independently,3. _ adj. 能够的 _ adj. 不会的；不能的 _ adj. 残疾的 _ n. 能力 _ n. 残疾; 无能 _ v. 使能够; 使成为可能4. _ adj. 忧虑的; 担心的 _ adv. 忧虑地; 担心地 _ n. 忧虑; 担心,able,unable,disabled,ability,disability,enable,anxious,anxiously,anxiety,5. _ v. 使满意；满足 _ n. 满足；满意 _ adj. 满意的 _ adj. 令人满意的 _ adv. 令人满意地 _ v. 不满足; 使.感到不满,satisfying/satisfactory,satisfy,satisfaction,satisfied,satisfyingly/satisfactorily,dissatisfy,6. _ n. 自己 _ adj. 自私的；利己的 _ adv. 自私地 _ n. 自私 _ adj. 无私的7. _ vt. 献身于 _ n. 奉献 _ adj. 献身的；忠诚的；忠实的,selfless/unselfish,self,selfish,selfishly,selfishness,devote,devotion,devoted,1. _ 致力于; 献身于2. _ 就.而言；从.角度看3. _ 愿意做某事4. _ 过着的生活5. _ 与相处6. _ 单独地; 独自地7. _ 迷路8. _ 落后; 掉队,be willing to,be devoted to/devote oneself to,in terms of,(三) 短语,fall behind,lead a life,get on with,on ones own,get lost,9. _ 怒视10. _ 一瞥11. _ 忍不住做某事12. _ 指控某人13. be involved in _14. react to _15. concentrate on _16. talk sb. into doing sth. _17. come up with _,accuse sb. of,glare at,glance at,cant help doing sth.,劝服某人做某事,参与；与有关联,对做出反应,集中精力于,想出,18. tell sb. off _19. to be honest _20. apologize for sth. _21. thanks to _22. more and more _23. end up doing _24. be likely to do _,因某事道歉,责骂某人,老实说,可能做某事,由于；多亏,越来越,以告终,核心要点,(一)单词,matter,【教材原句】Reading English is the most important skill; it doesnt matter if you cant speak it.,【归纳】n. 意为“物质”e.g. Most of the matter you see every day comes in one of three forms solid, liquid and gas.“毛病，问题”e.g. Theres something the matter with your eyes.“问题，事情”e.g. That is a matter of life and death.,“重要性”e.g. People have known and recognized its matter.vi. 意为“要紧，重要”e.g. It doesnt matter if the shoes feel a bit tight. Theyll stretch (撑大) with wearing.,no matter引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不管”，须与what, who, when, where, how等连接代词或连接副词连用，意义上相当于whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however等。e.g. No matter how late she comes back, her mother will wait for her to have supper.,2. deserve,【教材原句】For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams?,【归纳】是动词，意为“应当，值得”，其后可接名词、代词或不定式。e.g. She deserves a reward for her efforts. That good-hearted girl married her prince finally.Shedeserved it. Its true she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job.,注意： deserve后也可接动词-ing形式, 此时动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，即： deserve doing = deserve to be done。e.g. He deserves praising for his contribution to the company. = He deserves to be praised for his contribution to the company.【拓展】deserving adj. 意为“值得的，应得的”。e.g. The money should be given to a deserving cause.,【运用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。1. 这位战士的英勇行为值得嘉奖。 The soldier _ _ _ for his acts of bravery. 2. 你做的这些好事定会给你带来幸福。 You _ _ _ happy for all the good things you do.,deserves the award,deserve to be,3. desire,【教材原句】Tour guides need to be independent, outgoing and have a desire to share information.,【归纳】desire意为“期望，渴望；要求”， 既可作名词，也可作动词。作名词时，可用于desire for sth.；desire to do sth.；跟that引导的同位语从句。作动词时，可用于desire sth.；desire to do sth.；desire sb. to do sth.；跟that引导的宾语 从句。【注意】 desire后跟从句时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形，should可以省略。,【运用】翻译下列句子。1. 他没有名利心。(n. ) 2. 他渴望致富。(n. )3. 我们大家都渴望幸福和健康。(v. ) 4. 她希望赢得这场比赛。(v. ),He has no desire for wealth or fame.,He has a desire to become rich.,We all desire happiness and health.,She desired to win the game.,4. upset,【归纳】upset既可作形容词，也可作动词。作形容词时，意为“难过的，不高兴的”， 可与about连用，也可接that从句。作动词时，意为“使烦恼，使心烦意乱， 使生气”。如：,【教材原句】Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.,【运用】翻译下列句子。1. 我的母亲老是睡不好因为她为很多事情 难过。(用about结构完成) My mother doesnt sleep well because she is upset about many things.2. 让她难过的是他走的时候连再见都没 说。(用that从句完成) She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.3. 你别为这事烦恼了，咱们就只当它没发生过。 Dont upset yourself about it lets just forget it ever happened.,【归纳】作动词，意为：判断，常构成固定搭配：judging by/ from 根据判断；评价；判决。作名词，意为：（比赛等的）裁判员；法官，审判员。,5. judge,【教材原句】Its difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class and that they were discussing a problem.,【拓展】 judgment n. 判断；看法；评价make a judgment 做出判断in ones judgment在看来pass judgment on对宣判,【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示，完成下列句子。1.A man should _ (根据 行为判断), not his words. 2.Can you _ (断定该 走哪条路吗)? 3.It is still too soon to _ (做 出判断) about the result of the experiment.,be judged by his deeds,judge which way to take,make a judgment,6. concentrate,【教材原句】Concentrate on what is really important.,【归纳】concentrate是动词，意为：集中（注意力），聚精会神（常用搭配：concentrate on sth. / doing sth.）；使集中（或集合、聚集）。,【拓展】 concentration n. 聚精会神，集中concentrated adj. 集中的，浓缩的,【运用】翻译下列句子。1. I cant concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on. 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神学习。2. Water companies should concentrate on reducing waste instead of building new reservoirs (水库). 自来水公司应该把注意力放在减少水资源浪费 上而不是修建新的水库。3. Most of the countrys population is concentrated in the north. 这个国家大部分的人口都集中在北部。,7. predict,【教材原句】Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someones future success, ,【归纳】 predict是动词， 意为“预言，预测，预报”，后可接名词（短语）或从句，也常用于be predicted to do结构中。,【拓展】 prediction n. 预言，预报，预告predictor n. 预示物，预测器predictable adj. 可预见的，可预料的,【运用】根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。1. 要预测出谁将获胜是不可能的。 Its impossible to _ _ _.2. 预计韩国将成为最受中国游客喜欢的目的地 之一。 Korea _ _ _ _ one of the most popular destinations for Chinese tourists.,predict who will win,is predicted to be,8. accuse,【教材原句】The man was accused of stealing money.,【归纳】 accuse是动词，意为“控告，谴责”。常用搭配：accuse sb.; accuse sb. of (doing) sth.。如：“It wasnt my fault.” “Dont worry, Im not accusing you.”Who accused you of such a thing?I dont think anyone can accuse me of not being frank.,【辨析】accuse & charge两者都可作“指控”讲，但与二者搭配的介词不同，具体用法如下：accuse sb. of sth.，charge sb. with sth.。 【拓展】 与accuse . of . 结构类似的短语还有：inform sb. of sth. 通知/告诉某人某事remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物warn sb. of sth. 提醒/警告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病，矫正某 人的某不良行为,9. pray vt. & vi. 祈祷，祷告,【教材原句】Pray to God.,【归纳】 pray 可与介词to连用或后跟that从句。常见搭配：pray for . 为祈祷，乞求，恳求,e.g. Alice prayed to God for an end to her sufferings. We prayed that she would recover from her illness. Let us pray for the victims of this terrible disaster. We pray you to set the prisoner free.,10. devote,【教材原句】She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.,【归纳】 devote是动词，意为“专心致志于，献身于”。常用短语：devote oneself to sb. / sth. 献身，致力于；devote sth. to sth.把用于。【拓展】 devoted adj. 忠实的，挚爱的devotion n. 奉献，忠诚,【运用】用devote的适当形式填空。1. Jack _ himself to the protection of animals, and he has never regretted this.2. Sam started to study biology and decided to _ his whole life to the science. 3. The couple were entirely _ to each other all their lives.4. It is his _ to his job that wins him all the students respect.,devoted,devote,devoted,devotion,11. account,【教材原句】As an experienced accountant, my father has gained the respect of his colleagues.,【归纳】作名词时，意为“（银行）账户，账目，叙 述，报告”。常用短语：on account of由于， 因为；take sth. into account考虑到，顾 及；give an account of解释；on no account / not . on any account 绝不要，无论 如何不要。 作动词时，意为“认为是，视为”。常用短语： account for是的说明（或原因），解 释，说明。,【运用】用account的相关短语完成下列句子，每空一词。1. She _ _ _ (描述) of what she saw in China.2. The plane didnt take off on time _ _ _ (因为) the bad weather.3. _ _ _ (决不) will you miss the chance.4. The nurse was unable to _ _ (说明) the disappearance of the patients that were under her care.,on account of,On no account,account for,gave an account,12. glare,【教材原句】I turned around and glared at the person who was singing.,【归纳】作名词时，意为“刺眼的强光，耀眼的光” ； “怒视的目光，愤怒的表情”。 glare作不及物动词时，意为“怒视”，常和介词at搭配；意为“发耀眼的强光”。,【辨析】glare at; stare at; glance at glare at意为“怒目而视，恶狠狠地盯着”，带有生气的感情色彩。 stare at意为“凝视，盯着看”，仅仅表示动作，而不带有感情色彩。 glance at意为“匆匆一瞥，迅速地看一眼”，强调这个动作的速度很快。,【拓展】glaring adj. 耀眼的，过于鲜艳的，明显的【运用】根据中英文提示，完成下列句子。1. 她擦了擦脸上的面粉，瞥了一眼总是捣乱 的女儿。 She wiped the flour off her face and _ _ her daughter who always made trouble for her.,glanced at,2. 别那样做。难道你喜欢被人盯着看吗？ Dont behave like that. Do you like to be _ _?3. 他恶狠狠地盯着我，好像立刻要把我吞了 一样。 He _ _ me as if he would swallow me at once.,glared at,stared at,(二)短语,1. in terms of,【教材原句】Some are trying to study the possibity of improving a persons EQ, especially in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.,【归纳】 in terms of意为“就来说” ，“用的字眼”，也可表示为in . terms，意为“根据，按照” 。think in terms of doing sth. 表示“计划/打算做某事”。【拓展】 与terms相关的其他短语：on good / bad terms with sb. 同某人关系好/不好on ones terms 依照某人的条件,under the terms of 根据的条件in terms 明确地，用确切的词语【联想】英语中的 in . of 结构还有：in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找in honor of 向表示敬意 in need of 需要,in favor of 赞成；支持 in spite of 不管；尽管in case of 如果；万一 in place of 代替in memory of 纪念 in possession of 占有in face of 面临 in control of 控制；管理；掌握in praise of 赞扬,【运用】翻译下列句子。1. This is a small country in terms of size and population. _2. We should let children read in terms of their own interests. _,就面积和人口而言，这是一个小国家。,我们应该让孩子们根据自己的爱好来阅读。,2. 含draw的短语,【教材原句】Draw up an agenda and discuss it with the group.,【归纳】draw up意为：（车辆）到达某处停下； 制订，起草; 使靠近。如： A car drew up, and a smartly dressed woman got out. Plans are being drawn up to develop the inner ring road in the town centre. Bobby drew a chair up to the table.draw back意为：移开，后退；撤消，撤 回。如： The little boy draws back in shock.,The firm drew back from its agreement.draw in 意为“(白昼) 渐短”，其反义词为draw out。如：In October the days start drawing in.,【运用】用适当的介词或副词填空。1. With the approach of spring, the days begin to draw _ quite noticeably.2. You should draw _ a list of all the things you want to do.3. We drew _ from taking our neighbours to court.,in,up,back,3. talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事,【教材原句】Go and see your teacher and try to talk him or her into giving you a better grade.,【拓展】 persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. (成功)说服某人做某事try to persuade sb. to do sth. 试图说服某人做某事advise sb. to do sth. 劝某人做某事(不涉及是否成功),4. cant help doing 禁不住要做某事，无 法抑制做某事,【教材原句】I couldnt help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.,【拓展】cant help but do 忍不住做某事,e.g. Whenever I hear the story, I cant help crying. I cannot help wondering about that girl. You cant help but respect them.,(三)句式,1. It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. (P9)句型：It be + 过去分词 + that + 从句人们相信” 。在这个结构中，it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。report, say, hope, know, think, prove等也有此用法。如：It was reported that several people had been arrested.,2. On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; . (P9) 句型： There is little/no doubt that . 毫无疑问的是 that引导同位语从句,注意：doubt 前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由that引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰时，其后的同位语从句由 whether或if引导。如：There is no doubt that they know what theyre doing. I have some doubt whether he will be fit in time for next Sundays match.,(四)语法,过去分词用法小结,【归纳】过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被 修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且多 表示已完成的动作。 单个的过去分词作定语，通常置于被修饰词 之前，也可后置；过去分词短语作定语时， 需置于被修饰词之后。 过去分词作定语时，可转换为定语从句。,注意：及物动词的过去分词与逻辑主语（即它所修饰的名词）之间是被动关系，可以转换为谓语动词是被动语态的定语从句；不及物动词的过去分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系（即只说明逻辑主语所处的状态、特点或特征等），可以转换为谓语动词是主动语态的定语从句。如：,a broken cup = a cup which has been broken（break是及物动词，表示被动和完成）the fallen leaves on the ground = the leaves which have fallen on the ground （fall是不及物动词，说明主语的状态，表示动作已经完成）,过去分词作表语【归纳】 过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，与谓语 动词构成系表结构，表示主语的性质、特征 和状态（第一组例句）。 除系动词be外，look, seem, become等连系动 词也可接过去分词作表语（第二组例句）。 这类动词还包括get, sound, feel, remain, appear, turn等。,【拓展】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语表示主语的特点或所处的状态；被动语态表示一个具体的动作，强调主语所承受的动作。如：We were amused to learn that he had made a foolish mistake.（过去分词作表语）We were amused by his story and burst out laughing.（被动语态）,过去分词作宾语补足语【归纳】过去分词作宾语补足语时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。常用于以下情况： 用在see, hear, watch, find, feel, think等表示感 觉和心理状态的动词后面。如： We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.,I found her greatly changed. 用在get, have, make, keep等表示“致使”意义 的动词后面。如： They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English. Please keep us informed of the latest news. 用在like, order, want, wish等表示“希望、要 求、命令”等意义的动词后面。如： The boss wont like such questions discussed at the meeting. I wish the problem settled.,用在“with +宾语+宾补”结构中。如： With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.过去分词作状语【归纳】 过去分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、结 果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等，过去分词 所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的 动宾关系（第一组例句）。,过去分词作状语时，可以在其前加when, although等连词，构成“连词+过去分词”结构（第二组例句）。这类连词还包括while, if, unless, once, as if等。,【运用】写出下列谚语中划线部分在句中所作的成分，并翻译句子。1. A burnt child dreads the fire. ( )_2. A man becomes learned by asking questions. ( )_3. Apennysavedisapennyearned. ( )_,定语,一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。,表语,善问者终成学问。,定语,省一文等于挣一文。,4. United, we stand; divided, we fall. ( )_5. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. ( )_,状语,团结则存，分裂则亡。,宾语补足语,少说多看。,表示推测的情态动词,情态动词must, can / could, may / might均可表示推测，它们可以对过去、现在或将来的情况作出语气强弱不同的推测。在运用情态动词表示推测时，我们应该着重把握以下两点：1. 把握推测语气的特点，选择恰当的情态动词。表示肯定的推测时，各情态动词语气从弱到 强依次为might may could can must；表示否定的推测时，cant / couldnt 语气较强，意为“不可能”；may not / might not语气较弱，意为“可能不”。,注意： must的否定形式mustnt不表示否定推测，而是表示“不许可”或“不应该”。情态动词表示推测时，在用法上有一些限制： must只用于肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。 如： They have been working hard all day. They must be tired.,can多用于否定句或疑问句中。could可用于各种句式。如：Can the story be true? Simon cant be at home, for I saw him going shop- ping just now.You mustnt smoke when you are walking aroundin the wood. You could start a fire.,may / might用于肯定句和否定句中。如：It may or may not rain. Im not sure. Peter might come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.2. 确定被推测时间，正确判断动词时态。对现在或将来的情况进行推测时，用“情态 动词+ do”。如： Mr. Reed looks pale. He may be ill. If you dont have a guide, you could lose your way.,对此时此刻正在进行的情况进行推测时，用 “情态动词+ be +动词-ing形式”。如： At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. He could be doing his homework in his room now. He may be waiting for you now.,对过去的情况进行推测时，用“情态动词+ have +过去分词”。如： The road is wet. It must have rained last night. Mars couldnt have watched TV yesterday for he knew they would have an exam. He didnt come to school yesterday. He might have been ill.,【拓展】在特定的语境中，“might / could + have +过去分词”不是对一件事情是否发生进行推测，而是表示本来可能发生但没有发生，或者本来可能完成却没有完成的动作，有时具有一定的感情色彩。 might have done本可以做（却没有），有时 表示很委婉的责备。如： You might have phoned me, though you were busy then., c