2010年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级冲刺模拟题.doc

大家论坛2010年全国职称英语等级考试卫生类A级冲刺模拟题第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1 The union representative (put across) her argument very effectively. A. explainedB. inventedC. consideredD. accepted2 He talks tough but has a (tender) heart.A. heavyB. strongC. kindD. wild3 It is no use (debating) the relative merits of this policy.A. makingB. takingC. discussingD. expecting4 Our statistics show that we (consume) all that we are capable of producing.A. wasteB. buyC. useD. sell5 The fuel tanks had a (capacity) of 140 liters.A. functionB. abilityC. powerD. volume6 Our lives are (intimately) bound up with theirs.A. tenselyB. nearlyC. carefullyD. closely7 Her faith (upheld) her in times of sadness.A. supportedB. excitedC. inspiredD. directed8 The book provides a (concise) analysis of the countrys history.A. cleanB. perfectC. realD. brief9 It is (laid down) in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.A. suggestedB. warnedC. statedD. confirmed10 The council meeting (terminated) at 2 oclock.A. beganB. continuedC. endedD. resumed11 A red flag was placed there as a (token) of danger.A. signB. substituteC. proofD. target12 However bad the situation is, the majority is (unwilling) to risk change.A. reluctantB. eagerC. pleasedD. angry13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely (regulate) or enlarge an old one.A. limitB. controlC. replaceD. offset14 The secretary is expected to (explore) ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A. denyB. investigateC. stressD. create15 The (steadily) rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A. graduallyB. suddenlyC. excessivelyD. exceptionally第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Cancer May Soon Be Worlds Leading Killer Health experts predict that soon, more people will die from cancer than from AIDS, tuberculosis (肺结核) and malaria (疟疾) combined. They expect that by two thousand ten, cancer will become the worlds leading cause of death. Heart disease is the current leading killer. A World Health Organization report made the predictions in December. Experts say one reason more people are dying from cancer is because more people are smoking cigarettes in developing countries. Forty percent of the worlds smokers are believed to live in China and India alone. Other things including high fat diets and reduced physical activity are also believed to be pushing the numbers upward. Rates of breast cancer in Japan, Singapore and South Korea are now three times what they were forty years ago. The W.H.O. report estimates that twelve million people will be found to have some form of cancer this year. It predicts that more than seven million people will die early as a result of cancer. And more than five million of the new cancer cases will be in developing countries. The number of cancer cases and deaths from cancer are expected to increase one percent each year. Experts are predicting the largest increases will be in China, Russia, and India. Without new treatments, the W.H.O. says, the number of new cancer patients could reach twenty-seven million a year by two thousand thirty. The number of deaths could reach seventeen million a year. A separate report in December said the number of men and women dying of cancer in the United States had dropped for the first time on record. The report in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute said the drop was mainly the result of fewer cases of lung, prostate (前列腺癌) and colorectal cancer (结直肠癌) in men. In women, it resulted from fewer cases of breast and colorectal cancer. The American Cancer Society says governments can do things to help prevent the increase in cancer cases and deaths. One idea is to provide poor and developing nations with vaccines that help to prevent some cancer-causing infections. One example of a cancer-causing infection is human papillomavirus. This virus can cause cervical cancer in women. Another suggestion is more support for tobacco-control programs. And the cancer society says health officials and governments should invest more in cancer research and early detection.16. Cancer will replace the heart disease to become the worlds leading killer in 2010.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned17. Experts believe that it is the increasing number of smokers in the developing countries that causes the increasing cancer death.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned18. Current rates of breast cancer in Japan, Singapore and South Korea are three times those during the 1970s.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned19. According to the W.H.O organization, the number of cancer deaths in the developing countries is larger than that in the developed countries.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned20. By 2030, the number of deaths will increase by about 10,000,000.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned21. American governments shall provide African countries with vaccines to help prevent the increase in cancer deaths.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned22. We should work together to reduce the number of the cancer deaths. A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Experts Watch for Spread of Chikungunya, a Highly Painful Virus1 People get chikungunya fever when they are bitten by mosquitoes infected with the disease. For many years, the disease has been found in countries in Africa and Asia. 2 The symptoms are increased body temperature, pain in muscles and joints and stomach sickness. The disease is not usually deadly. But the muscle and joint pain can last for weeks or months. There is no vaccine to prevent the disease and no special drug to treat it. Doctors advise taking medicines like aspirin or ibuprofen. The name chikungunya means that which bends up in the Swahili language. People infected with the virus walk in a bent-over position because of the severe pain in the joints. 3 Malaysia reported more than one thousand one hundred cases of chikungunya so far this year. In Indonesia, about two hundred people in central Java became sick from the virus last month. And about one thousand people near Yeshwanthpur in India also showed signs of the disease in March. But the disease also appeared in a cooler climate in two thousand seven, causing concern about its spread. Italy reported about two hundred cases during warm weather. The medical journal Eurosurveillance Weekly said it was the first time mosquitoes carried the virus inside Europe. 4 Two kinds of mosquitoes carry chikungunya fever. One is called Aedes albopictus, or Asian tiger mosquito. It has been reported in many European countries including France, Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands. It also lives in the southern United States. The other mosquito that can carry chikungunya, Aedes aegypti, also is present in the United States. 5 Ann Powers is an expert on viruses. She works for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Fort Collins, Colorado. She said the disease spread is not directly connected to climate change. But she also said C.D.C. scientists are preparing for possible cases of chikungunya in the United States. 6 People around the world can prevent diseases spread by mosquitoes by removing standing water from their property. They should try to keep mosquitoes out of their homes. And they should wear clothing that covers the arms and legs when they are outside. DEET and other chemicals that work against insects can keep mosquitoes from biting. 23. Paragraph 224. Paragraph 325. Paragraph 426. Paragraph 6A. The Mosquitoes Spreading the VirusB. How to Protect Yourself from the Virus?C. Cases Reported around the worldD. What is Chikungunya Fever?E. Studies on the VirusF. Death Report27. People who get chikungunya fever will _.28. Besides in Africa and Asia, chikungunya fever is also found _.29. According to Ann Powers, climate change _.30. You can protect yourself from the virus by _.A. keeping away form mosquitoesB. is not the direct reason of chikungunya feverC. in EuropeD. feel painful in muscles and jointsE. prepare for possible cases of chikungunyaF. lives in the southern United States第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Do Patients Trust Doctors Too Much? Earlier this year, the American College of Surgeons, the national scientific and educational organization of surgeons, conducted a nationwide survey that found that the average patient devotes an hour or less to researching his or her surgery or surgeon. While prospective patients worry about the costs or complications(并发症) of an operation, they dont necessarily look for information that would address their concerns. In fact, more than a third of patients who had an operation in the last five years never reviewed the credentials(资历) of the surgeon who operated. Patients are more likely to spend time researching a job change (on average, about 10 hours) or a new car (8 hours) than the operation they are about to submit to or the surgeon who wields(支配，控制) the knife. And many patients are satisfied with the answers they receive from their surgeon or primary care doctor, whoever those individuals happen to be. I felt curious about the survey, so I called Dr. Thomas Russell, executive director of the American College of Surgeons. There is a tendency for patients not to get particularly involved and not to feel compelled(强迫) to look into their surgery or surgeons, he told me. There are consequences to that kind of blind trust, Today, medicine and surgery are really team sports, Dr. Russell continued, and the patient, as the ultimate decision maker, is the most important member of the team. Mistakes can happen, and patients have to be educated and must understand what is going on. In other words, a healthy doctor-patient relationship does not simply entail(需要) good bedside manners and responsible office management on the part of the doctor. It also requires that patients come to the relationship educated about their doctors, their illnesses and their treatment. If we are truly going to reform the health care system in the U.S., Dr. Russell said, everybody has to participate actively and must educate themselves. That means doctors, nurses, other health care professionals, lawyers, pharmaceutical(制药的) companies, and insurance companies. But most of all, it means the patient. Trust is important. But as Sir Francis Bacon, who was among the first to understand the importance of gathering data in science, once observed, knowledge is power.31. Patients do not seem to spend enough timeA. researching job changes.B. researching new cars.C. researching their surgery or surgeons.D. researching the American College of Surgeons.32. It appears that patients nowadays haveA. little trust in their doctors.B. too much trust in their doctors.C. too much information about their doctors.D. a healthy relationship with their doctors.33. The most important role in medicine and surgery should be playedA. by pharmaceutical and insurance companies.B. by doctors and nurses.C. by lawyers.D. by patients.34. Its a mistaken idea that a healthy doctor-patient relationshipA. is a goal that can be achieved.B. is what the patient desires.C. is dependent just on the doctor.D. also entails efforts made by the patient.35. The author does NOT believe inA. Francis Bacon.B. blind trust.C. scientific data.D. the power of knowledge.第二篇Human Heart Can Make New Cells Solving a longstanding(为时甚久的) mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac(心脏的) cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age. The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say. We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes(心肌细胞), are renewed, said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed, he said. The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20-year-old, about 1 percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover(更替) rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75. If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack, Frisen said. That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts. A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure, noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying, he said. With this finding, scientists are opening the door to potential therapies to having ourselves heal ourselves, Bhardwaj said. Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical(药物) agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing. But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.31. The human heart stops producing cardiac cellsA) when a person is born.B) when a person becomes old.C) when a person gets sick.D) when a person dies.32. The finding could prove to be helpful toA) the study of longstanding mysteries.B) the analysis of cardiac cells.C) the prevention of chronic diseases.D) the treatment of heart diseases.33. In people whore in their mid-70 s, only 0.45 percent of cardiomyocytesA) are still functional.B) are replaced each year.C) are lost each year.D) are damaged each year.34. Chronic heart failure is associated withA) the death of heart cells.B) the life span of a person.C) the effects of pharmaceuticals.D) the weight of the patient.35. It remains unknown whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased heartsA) changes over time.B) can be monitored.C) is the same as that in healthy hearts.D) is high enough to replace cells faster than theyre dying off.第三篇Hes a great adventurer Endless sea, sand and sunshine on a tiny tropical island everyones idea of Paradise. Who wouldnt want to live in such a place? One person who certainly does is Ben Southall, from the UK. The 34-year-old was one of more than 34,000 people who applied for the post of caretaker on Hamilton Island, Australia, billed by the local government as the best job in the world. The position starts in July and runs for six months. The salary is altogether 150,000 Australian dollars. Why Southall? Well, first lets take a look at the criteria for the job: Were looking for applicants with an adventurous attitude, passion for the outdoors and good communication skills. On his application video, Southall expressed a love of adventure and featured photographs of himself riding an ostrich, running a marathon, scuba diving, and kissing a giraffe. Im a great communicator and love meeting people and immersing myself in other cultures, he said. He did a good job in demonstrating blogging skills, swimming, and snorkeling, which were all parts of the interview process. From the time he was announced in the Top 50, and then the Top 16, Southall excelled in showing true passion for Queensland, Tourism Minister Peter Lawlor said in a statement. His ideas for how he will make the role his own . plus his initiative and ability to rise to a challenge impressed the selection panel and secured his place in the top job, Lawlor said. Southall was born in Coventry, UK and used his parents home as a base for his adventures. He had an old Land Rover that he used for a charity-fund-raising trek across Africa which involved joining in five marathons and climbing five mountains. He was always up to mischief. It was sometimes hard work to make him get his head down and do his work because he always wanted to be outside, his mother said about his early years life. He wanted to go surfing in South Africa, so he got a job house-sitting to pay for it. We regularly ask him when he is going to get a proper job, but he is confident and has a strong set of friends and is a great social animal. Now he has got the job he deserves, said his father. So, you see? No matter what type of person you are, theres always that possibility of a dream job. Hows that? Just read the job descriptions carefully and come up with exactly the skills and qualities needed. Thats what Southall did to get his job.41. What is the best job in the world?A. a job about serving the local governmentB. a job about being the caretaker on Hamilton IslandC. a