虚拟语气讲解课件

Grammar theSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气陈述语气 用来表示所说的话是事实或提出疑问 广泛用语陈述句 疑问句和感叹句 祈使语气 表示所说的话是请求 命令 指示或劝告等 虚拟语气 表示说话人的所说的话不是事实 一种假设 猜测 怀疑等 在条件从句中或让步状语从句中 一种表示说话人的愿望 要求 命令 建议等 在宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 Eg Wemetinthisroom 陈述语气DocometothemeetingnextFriday 祈使语气IfIwereyou Iwouldstudyhard 虚拟语气 一 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种 真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的 是与事实相符的 非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的 与事实相反的情况 Ifitisfinetomorrow Iwillgotovisitmygrandma IfIwereabird IwouldflytoAmerica 一 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 虚拟条件句 主句 If 主语 过去式 be用were If 主语 had 过去分词 If 主语 过去式 be用were If 主语 wereto 动词原形If 主语 should 动词原形 主语 would 动词原形 should could might 主语 would 动词原形 should could might 主语 would have 动词过去分词 should could might Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar Iwouldbuyavilla Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld IfIwonthelottery 现在事实相反 IfI timelastnight I toseethefilmwithyou hadhad wouldhavegone 过去事实相反 Ifhe morecarefully he thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad Mark 100 I apartyforyou shouldget Ifyou got Weretoget afullmarknexttime 将来时相反 wouldhold IfIwereyou IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake Ifitrainedtomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 要是你早来几分钟的话 你就能见到他了 Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 明天要是天气好的话 我来看你 Ifitweresunnytomorrow Iwouldcometoseeyou 假如我是你的话 我会马上走 与现在事实相反 IfIwereyou Iwouldgoatonce 与过去事实相反 与将来事实可能相反 PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war break outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth c Ifthepoliceman benot inthatroomnow it be verydangerous d IfI be inyourposition I ask forteacher shelp were wouldtake broke wouldhappen werenot couldbe were wouldask PRACTICE2 Fillintheblankse IfTom be morecarefulintheexam he pass italready f Ifyou get upearlier you catch thefirsttrain g IfI meet youyesterday we go totheconcerttogether hadbeen wouldhavepassed hadgot wouldhavecaught hadmet wouldhavegone PRACTICE3 FillintheblanksIfthere be nonaturalresourceanymore we make useofnuclearpower b What happen ifyou getup toolatetomorrow shouldbe wouldmake wouldhappen shouldgetup 注意1 省略if的条件从句当从句中有were had或should时 可省略if 而把它们放在句首 再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装 IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit WereItomeethimtomorrow Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain Shouldhefailintheexperiment Hadheworkedharder hewouldhavepassedthefinalexaminations 2由介词或介词短语暗示的虚拟结构常见的介词或介词短语有without 没有 butfor 要不是 Eg Withoutelectricity humanlifewouldbequitedifficulttoday Iftherewerenoelectricity Withouthisadvice Icouldn thavedoneitallbymyself Ifithadn tbeenforhisadvice Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavesucceededindoingthisexperiment Ifithadn tbeenforyourhelp Butforthemeeting IwouldhavegonetoyourpartylastSaturday Ifithadn tbeenforthemeeting 1 Withoutsunlight orwaterorair there nolifeontheearth AwillhaveBwouldbeCshouldbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow we earlier AwillarriveBshouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived 二 虚拟语气用于宾语从句中 Wish的宾语从句 现在 过去 未来 过去时 were 过去完成时 would could might V IwishIwereabirdIwishIhadn tmadesuchamistakeWewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 用于宾语从句 IwishIwereastallasyou IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing IwishIwereabird IwishIcouldflylikeabird Iwisheverydayweremybirthday 现在时 Hewishhehadn teatensomuchwatermelon Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 过去时 将来时 Practice1Heisnotapilot buthewisheshe be 2 IwishI meet himyesterday 3 Iwishit be finetomorrow 4 A Youhavemadesomemistakes B IwishI mistakeseveryday don tmakeB haven tmadeC wouldn thavemadeD didn tmake 2 Iwishthey inthisballgame AwouldbesucceededBwouldbesuccessfulChadbeensuccessDhadbeensuccessful3 Hewishedhe moreaboutthesubject sohecouldtalkaboutit AhadknownBknewCwouldknowDknows4 HowIwishI adoctor and thedyinggirl Aam cansaveBwas savedCwere couldsaveDwillbe willsave 5 Whatshallwedonext IwishthatBill here Ifhe here hewouldtelluswhattodo Ahasbeen hasbeenBwouldbe wouldbeCwere wereDis is6 HowIwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden AhasBhadCwillhaveDhadhad7 HowIwishthatI themoonsometimeinthefuture AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit 2 在表示建议 要求 命令的词 suggest demand order propose insist command request desire 后的宾语从句中 should 动词原形 e g Isuggestthatwe should setoffatonce Idemandedthathe should answermeimmediately 一个坚持insist 两个命令order command 三个建议advise suggest propose四个要求demand require request desire 注 以上动词的名词形式用于同位语从句中 从句中的动词也是用 should 动词原形 Practice Iadvisedthatthesickchild ahospitalassoonaspossible AshouldsenttoBshouldbesentCbesenttoDmustbesentto2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay be20percent AberaisedBwouldberaisedCraisedDraise 3Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody therules AobeysBobeyCwillobeyDwouldobey4 Jane spalefacesuggestedthathe ill andherparentssuggestedthatshe amedicalexamination Abe shouldhaveBwas haveCshouldbe hadDwas has5 Doyouknowwherehecomesfrom No buthisaccentsuggeststhathe fromthesouth AwasBshouldbeCisDwere 注意 suggest当表示 暗示 表明 讲时 insist表示 坚持认为 之意时 应用陈述语气 Eg Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney 三 用语表语从句和同位语从句在suggestion proposal order plan advice idea request demand等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用 should 动词原形 should可以省略 Eg Mysuggestionthatwe should haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting should beputoff 考题点击 Hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable A tryB triesC musttryD cantry Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting A shouldbeputoffB wasputoffC shouldputoffD istoputoffHisrecommendationwasthatanexperiencedsalesmanager tothebranchcompanyinShanghaitotakechargeofthemarketingthere A wassentB sendC besentD wouldbesent 3 Wouldratherthat宁愿 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时 过去时 过去完成时 wouldprefer 表示一种希望和委婉的责备 Eg Iwouldpreferhedidn tstaytheretoolongnextweek 我宁愿下周他不要在这待的太久 四 用于主语从句中 1 Itisnecessary important strange naturalimpossible surprising that从句 从句中的谓语动词用should 动词原形 should可以省略 Eg Itisnecessarythatyou should cleantheroomafterwork Itisimportantthatwe should masteraforeignlanguage Itisstrangethatshe should refusetocometotheparty 2 Itissuggested desired ordered requested proposed demandedthat从句 从句中的谓语动词用should 动词原形 should可以省略 Eg Itissuggestedthatthemeeting should beputoff Itisorderedthatthework should bedoneatonce 3 Itisapity ashame nowonder that从句从句中的谓语动词用should 动词原形 should可以省略省略eg Itisapitythatheshouldbesocareless 真可惜他竟然如此粗心 考题点击 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold 五 虚拟语气在其他从句中 Itis high about timethat 到做 的时间了 注意 should不能省略 过去时 should V原 我们该去睡觉了 It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 2 Ifonly引导的感叹句 要是 该有多好啊 用法与wish相同Eg IfonlyIknewtheanswer IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday 好象 3 asif though Clause 与现在事实相反 用过去式 与过去事实相反与将来事实相反 过去完成式Would could might 动词原形 1 asif asthough连接表语从句Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas Helookedasifhehadn tsleptfortwodays 2 asif asthough连