被动语态讲解及练习题

被动语态一 概念：对比主动语态语态概念例句主动语态主语是谓语动词动作的执行者We speak English in China.被动语态主语是谓语动词动作的承受者English is spoken by us in China二：被动语态的构成1 基本结构：_.2 各种时态的被动语态：时态被动语态结构例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时We clean the classroom every day.The classroom _一般过去时He made the kite. The kite _现在完成时Jim has finished the work.The work _一般将来时They will plant trees tomorrow.Trees _含情态动词I cant find him.He _注意：短语动词变为被动语态：不可丢掉短语动词的介词或副词eg. We should speak to old men politely.- Old men should _ politely. Dont be afraid to _while learning a foreign language. (被嘲笑)类似用法：be listened to be taken care of be looked after be caught up with 三：特殊用法1 主动表被动 a write, read, sell, wash, drive, ride . 用作不及物动词，主语是物时，可用主动表示被动。eg. This kind of pen _. 这种笔写起来很流畅。This kind of shirt _-.卖的很好。 b. 感官动词等系动词用主动表示被动 look sound taste smell feel Uniforms _ on us. 我们穿着制服很难看 We Chinese think moon cakes _than the bread. 我们中国人认为月饼比面包好吃。 There apples _ well because they _ nice. A are sold, look B sell, look C sell, are looked D are sold, are lookedc. want, need, require + doing表被动 相当于 want/need/require + to be done My bike needs _. 我的自行车需要修理。2 不用被动语态的情况.不及物动词没有被动语态 常见的动词 happen, arrive, die, come, go, take place, eg.1The pen _well. It _well too. A is written, sells B is written, is sold C writes, is sold D writes, sells 2 Great changes _ in China since 1919. A have been taken place B have taken place C took place D was taken place 3 What do you think of the football match yesterday? Well. Its surprising. The strongest team of our school_. A was beaten B won C scored D was failed3 省略to的动词不定式变为被动语态时要还原to hear ,watch ,see ,notice ,let, make, have, help . He _ in the classroom just now. He _ be there now. A heard to sing, may B was heard sing, must C heard sing, must D was heard to sing, mayTom is often made _for twelve hours a day by the boss. A work B working C to work D to be working主谓一致：（语法一致，意义一致，就近原则）一：语法一致 即主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即是否单三1 and, both and 连接两个或三个以上名次做主语时，谓语动词用_形式 eg. Both reading and writing _ very important. 2 主语+ with/together with/ as well as/ including/ besides/ except/ like/ but ，谓语动词的数由主语的数决定 eg. No one but I _. 除了我没有一个人犯错。Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters _ playing football very much. 喜欢Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. (be )3 由some, any, no, every 等构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语需用_形式。 主语包含each, every 时， 谓语动词用单数形式。 One, none, each, neither + of + 名词复数做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 Eg. _ of the boys in Class4 is playing games. A All B Each C The both D EveryoneListen! Someone _ outside. A sing B sings C is singing D are singing4 不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词一般用_. Eg. To teach is to learn. 教学相长。5 用half of, part of, most of,分数，百分数 + n 做主语时，谓语动词与n保持一致 - How many teachers are there in your school? -About 200. One third of them _ men teachers. (be)6 由a pair(kind) of + 名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数 My shoes _ worn out. This pair of shoes _, 穿坏了二：意义一致 1 集体名词作主语时，谓语动词根据主语的意思来决定。 family, team, class, crowd, group 如果表示一个整体，谓语动词用_, 如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语用_. My family _ having dinner when the guest came.(be) The whole class _greatly moved at his word. (be) The Chinese badminton team _ playing magnificently. (be)2 集体名词做主语，谓语用复数 例people, police, cattle但是clothing, traffic, furniture作主语时 用单数 3 表示度量，价格，时间，长度的名词复数作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数 Three years _ a long time. Fifty yuan _ to Mr. Green. 付给Mr. Green 50元4形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语，谓语用单数例如 news, physics, politics . I think physics _ maths. 和数学一样有用。三：就近一致原则1 由 or, _, _, _ 连接并列主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语一致。2 在there be, here be 句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致 There _ some Chinese and three Americans in the traveling team. Here _ a letter and two books for you Practice: 1 - How beautiful our hometown is! -Yes, trees and flowers can _everywhere. 到处可见 2 I believe that these mountains _ with trees in a few years time. 覆盖3 Today the forests have almost gone. People must _down many trees. 阻止人们砍伐树木。4 Because of the dry weather, lots of water _ to water the crop. 必须担水浇田 5. This kind of food _ cool, and dry. 必须凉爽干燥的保存 6 The young man who stole many bikes in our school _ the day before yesterday.(catch) 7 Mr. Johnsons story _ by everyone who heard it. (嘲笑) 8 I know she wont come to join us unless she _ to. (tell) 9 A talk on developments in science and technology _ in the school hall last week. (give) 10 - You should tell Tom that he _ to work for the 21st UNIVERSIADE already. - I think so, I will tell him on his birthday. (choose)( )11.Oh, the milk _ strange. Do you think its ok to drink? A was taste B tasted C is tasting D tastes ( )12.- Did you go to Jacks birthday party? - No, I _. A am not invited B wasnt invited C havent invited D didnt invite ( )13 Im sorry you cant go now, the room _ yet. A hasnt been cleaned B hasnt cleaned C isnt been cleaned D isnt being cleaned ( )14. -How much _ these shoes? - Forty yuan _ enough. A are, are B are, is C is, is D is are( )15.A report says hundreds and thousands of trees _ in the Amason rainforest last year. A was cut down B have been cut down C were cut down D had been cut down ( )16 Li Li is away. She with her mother _ to Zhalong to see birds. A has gone B have gone C has been( )17 In our school library there _ a number of books on science and the number of them _ growing larger and larger. A is, are B are, is C has, is D have, are ( )18.How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A have B has C is D are ( )19 - When are you going to Kunming for your holidays? - I havent decided. _ this Sunday _ next Sunday is OK. A Both, and B. Either, or C. Neither, nor D Not only, but also( )20.There _ a pair of shoes under the bed, the shoes _ mine. A is, are B is, is C are, is D are, are( )21.Each of the boys _ an apple. A have B has C to have D to has ( )22 _ she or you going to Beijing next week? A Is B Are C Was D Were ( )23 Swimming in the pool with the children _ very interesting. A has B have C is D are( )24 The Greens _ getting ready for their trip. A are B is C has been ( )25 Maths, as well as English , _ important in middle schools. A were very B is great C are great D is very( )26. Those who _ singing may join us. A is fond of B enjoy C likes D are liking ( )27 The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who _ from countryside in our school. A was B were C is D are ( )28 How often _ your school sports meeting _? - Once a year. A does, hold B was, hold C is, held D did, hold ( )29 Can you tell me whom the play _in 1998?A was written by B was written C is written byD is written ( )30 James with the Greens _ the White Tower Park if it _ tomorrow. A are going to, isnt rainy B are going to, doesnt rain C is going to, wont rain D is going too, isnt rainy( )31 _ chickens were killed because of bird flu.A A large number of B The number of C Much D Thousand of ( )32 - Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? - I think _ them are useful. A either of B none of C both of D all of ( ) 33 Doing eye exercises _ good for your health. A are B is C have D has ( ) 34 The police _ looking for the murderer. A am B is C are D be ( ) 35 Not only students but also their teacher _ the plan. A object B objects C is object D is objected( ) 36 She promises that the child will _. A be taken care B be taken care of C take care D take care of ( ) 37 One of the students _ late for school this morning. A had B was C is D were( ) 38 Li Mings family _ a large one. Now, the whole family _ watching TV. A is, is B are, are C are, is D is, are ( )39 _ you _ he is able to ski, but I am. A Both, and B Not only, but also C Either, or D Neither, nor ( ) 40 Every boy and every girl _ to take part in the competition. A wishes B wish C are going D are被动语态和主谓一致 出题人：李原 1 The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital.A takesB is takenC took D was taken2 The flowers _ever day, or they will die. A must water B can be watered C should water D must be watered 3 Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars, _ of them have set a good example to us. A all B neither C both D none4 The baby _by his grandmother from Monday to Friday. A was taken care B was taken care of C was looked at 5 Either Jane or Steve _ watching TV now. A were B is C are 6 - Do you live alone, Mr.Wang?- Yes. I have two children. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in England. A both B none C neither7 _ Lily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A Not onlybut also B Neithernor C Both and D Eitheror8 Mrs.Turner has bought a CD player as a present, but _ her son _ her daughter likes it. A eitheror B not onlybut also C bothandD neithernor 9 English _ a lot for business between different countries. A uses B used C has used D is used10 We have got two TV sets, but _ works well. A any B both C either D neither11 Oh, this is really a big shop. Do you know when it _? A built B was built C has built D has been built 12 -Who has got ready for the test, Jane or you? - _, sir.A All of them B Both of us C Neither of them D Either of you 13 His computer _by his father last week. A was taken away B had taken away C has taken away 14 -will you go to the dinner party?-I wont go unless Tom _. A is invited B will be invited C has invited 15. I think physics _ more difficult than maths. A is B are C have D has16. - How many students are there in your school? - _ the students in our school _ over two thousand. A The number of; is B The number of; are C A number of; is D A number of; are 17.All the information except these two pieces _ writing the article. A have been used to B has been used to C have been used for D has been used for18 None of the shoes in the shop fit me well, they are _ too big _ too small. A both; and B either; or C neither; nor D not only; but also19 The work _ in three hours. Lets hurry! A must finish B will finish D must be finished 20 Could you tell me whom the play _ in 1998? A was written by B was written C is