2010年高考英语系动词及表语从句

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/182010年高考英语系动词及表语从句系动词1最常用连系动词BEAMIS/WASARE/WERE。2表变化的系动词GETTURNGOFALLBECOMEGROWCOMERUN。用法注意在英语中，系动词一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，没有其他时态变化形式。但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。EGITISBECOMINGCOLDERANDCOLDERTHEFOODHASGONEBAD此处还需注意的是BECOME和TURN后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无EGTWOYEARSLATER,HEBECAMEATEACHER但TWOYEARSLATER,HETURNEDTEACHER另外，GO表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。3所谓“感官动词”LOOKSOUNDTASTESMELLFEEL。一般它们在句子中译成。起来；。上去。此类系动词为高考高频词。EGTHEFOODTASTEDGOOD食物尝起来很香。其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词，所以在平常的教学和应用中一定多比较、关注它们的用法。EGHELOOKEDSADLYATTHEPICTURE/SHELOOKEDSADAFTERHEAR精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/18INGTHENEWSTOMTASTEDTHEFOODANDITTASTEDGOOD4表状态的系动词KEEPSTAYREMAIN（依然是；保持）EGSHEREMAINSLOYALTOHERFATHERDESPITEHISCRUELTYTOWARDSHERWHATALOVELYDAYTODAYILOVEFINEWEATHERANDIHOPEITWILLSTAYFINEFORSOMEMOREDAYSMUCHREMAINSTOBEDONE5表像系动词SEEMAPPEAR。汉语意义看起来像、似乎、好像。这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定时来完成。EGHESEEMEDTOHAVECAUGHTCOLD/WHENFATHERCAMEIN,TOMSEEMEDTOBEEATINGSOMETHING另外此处一句型转换也要要求学生牢记ITSEEMEDTHATHEHADCAUGHTCOLDWHENFATHERCAMEIN,ITSEEMEDTHATTOMWASEATINGSOMETHING6终止系动词PROVETURNOUT。表达“证实、证明、结果为。”之意。EGHEPROVEDTOBERIGHT/THEEXPERIMENTTURNEDOUTSUCCESSFUL系动词用法应注意的几个问题1一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/18YOURHANDFEELSCOLDTHESOUPTASTESGOODTHEDINNERSMELLSGOOD2系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题。某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如GET,BECOME,GROW,TURN等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越”。例如HEISGROWINGTALLERANDTALLEROURLIFEISGETTINGBETTERANDBETTERTHINGSAREGETTINGWORSE3所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论。英语中某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，才有被动语态，二者不可混为一谈。例如不能说THEAPPLEISTASTEDGOOD因为TASTE此时是系动词，“尝起来”之意，指的是苹果的性质，无被动语态）但我们可以说THEAPPLEISTASTEDBYME这苹果被我尝了一下。（TASTE此时指“尝一尝”这一动作，有被动语态）因此，在平时的英语教学和学习之，要有意注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法，要注意区分、识别。4瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题英语中某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“FOR时间段，精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/18SINCE时间点，HOWLONGUNTIL时间,BY时间，SOFAR”等直接连用。例如不能说HEHASBECOMEATEACHERFOR2YEARS应改为HEHASBEENATEACHERFOR2YEARS不能说HEHASTURNEDWRITERSINCE3YEARSAGO应改为HEHASBEENAWRITESINCE3YEARSAGO或ITISTWOYEARSSINCEHETURNEDWRITER不能说HEGOTANGRYUNTILHISCHILDCAMEBACKHOME应改为HEDIDNTGETANGRYUNTILHISCHILDCAMEBACKHOME5系动词能接几种表语（从句）系动词除了接ADJNPREP短语,还可接以下几种表语形式能接ASIF/ASTHOUGH表语从句的系动词有LOOK（看起来），SMELL（闻起来），SOUND（听起来），FEEL（觉得）；APPEAR（显得），SEEM（似乎）。例如ITLOOKSASIFWEAREGOINGTOHAVESNOW看样子天要下雪了。HELOOKEDASIFHEHADJUSTSTEPPEDOUTOFMYBOOKOFFAIRYTALES他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。SHESEEMEDASIFTHOUGHSHECOULDNTUNDERSTANDWHYLAURAWASTHERE看来她好像不能理解为什么劳拉呆在那儿。ITSOUNDSTOMEASTHOUGHTHERESATAPRUNNINGSOMEWHERE我好像听到某处水龙头流水的声音。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/18SHEFELTASIFHERHEADWERESPLITTING她仿佛觉得她的头要裂开了。THERIVERAPPEAREDASIFENVELOPEDINSMOG那条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。ITSEEMSASIFITWERESPRINGALREADY好像已是春天了。可用于“IT系动词THAT从句”结构的有SEEM,APPEAR如ITSEEMEDTHATHEHADMADESOMESERIOUSMISTAKESINHISWORK好像他在工作中犯了严重错误。ITAPPEAREDTHATHEWASTALKINGTOHIMSELF好像他在自言自语。能用不定式作表语的系动词有BE,SEEM,LOOK,APPEAR,PROVE,GROWHERJOBISTOLOOKAFTERTHECHILDREN她的工作是照料孩子们。HESEEMSNOTTOLOOKAFTERTHECHILDREN他好像不是她的父亲。HELOOKSTOBEAYOUNGGIRLOFTWENTY他看起来像是一个20岁的年轻姑娘。HEDIDNTAPPEARTODISLIKEIT看不出他憎恨此事。MYADVICEPROVEDTOBEWRONG我的建议证明是错误的。能与THERE连用的系动词有BE,APPEAR,SEEM精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/18THEREAPPEAREDTOBEONLYONEROOM那儿好像只有一个房间。THERESEEMSTOBENONEEDTOGO似乎没有必要走。EXERCISE1THESTORYSOUNDS_ATOBETRUEBASTRUECBEINGTRUEDTRUE2THOSEORANGESTASTE_AGOODBWELLCTOBEGOODDTOBEWELL3AREYOUFEELING_YES,IMFINENOWAANYWELLBANYBETTERCQUITEGOODDQUITEBETTER4CANIJOINTHECLUB,DADYOUCANWHENYOU_ABITOLDERAGETBWILLGETCGETSDWILLHAVEGOT5DOYOULIKETHEMATERIALYES,IT_VERYSOFTAISFEELINGBFELTCFEELSDISFELT6ILOVETOGOTOTHESEASIDEONSUMMERIT_GOODTOLIEINTHESUNORSWIMINTHECOOLSEAADOESBFEELSCGETSDMAKES7CLEANINGWOMENINBIGCITIESUSUALLYGET_BYTHEHOURAPAYBPAYINGCPAIDDTOPAY8WHYDONTYOUPUTTHEMEATINTHEFRIDGEITWILL_FRES精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/18HFORSEVERALDAYSABESTAYEDBSTAYCBESTAYINGDHAVESTAYED9WHATYOUHAVESAID_AISSOUNDEDINTERESTINGBSOUNDSINTERESTINGCSOUNDINTERESTEDDLISTENSINTERESTED10THECLASSBEGINSPLEASEKEEP_ASILENTBSILENCECTHESILENCEDSILENTLY11LOOKSEVERALPEOPLEINTHECROWDSEEMED_ATOBEFIGHTINGBTOHAVEFOUGHTCBEINGFOUGHTDHAVINGFOUGHT12HOW_THESONGSHESINGSSOUNDSIHAVENEVER_ABETTERVOICEABEAUTIFULLY,SOUNDEDBBEAUTIFUL,SOUNDEDCSWEET,LISTENEDTODSWEET,HEARD13HERFEELINGABOUTTHEMARRIAGE_RATHERSTRANGEAISLOOKEDBISSEEMEDCSEEMSDISAPPEARED14THENEWSHIRT_RIGHTADOESNTFEELBISNTFELTCISNTFEELINGDDOESNTTOUCH15HOWHAPPYIT_FORMETOBEHOMEAGAINAFTERTWENTYYEARSABROADAGIVESBFEELSCISFELTDISGIVEN精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/1816JOHN_DRIVERSINCETWOMONTHSAGOABECAMEABHASBECOMEACHASTURNEDDHASBEENA17IT_HEFELTVERY_OVERTHEDEATHOFTHEBOYASEEMEDTHAT,SADBSEEMEDASIF,SADLYCLOOKEDASTHOUGH,SADDLOOKEDTHAT,SADNESS18_EVERYONEHERETODAYABEBARECISDAM19HARRYISOLDERTHANIBUTHE_YOUNGERTHANIALOOKBLOOKSCLOOKEDDLOOKING20IT_LIKETHESINGINGOFTHEBIRDSASOUNDSBLOOKSCSMELLSDTASTES21THISKINDOFCAKETASTES_AGOODBWELLCTOBEGOODDTOBEWELL22THECHILDRENALLLOOKED_ATTHEBROKENMODELPLANEANDFELTQUITE_ASAD,SADBSADLY,SADLYCSAD,SADLYDSADLY,SAD23THISKINDOFPAPER_NICEAFEELBFELTCISFEELINGDFEELS24THISMATHPROBLEMIS_ANDICANDOIT_AEASY,EASILYBEASILY,EASILYCEASY,EASYDEASILY,EASY25COFFEEISREADYHOWNICEIT_WOULDYOULIKESOME精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/18ALOOKSBSMELLSCSOUNDSDFEELS26INWINTERTHEDAYS_COLDERANDCOLDERAGETSBGETTINGCGOTDGET参考答案126DABACBCBBAADCABDACBAADDABD表语从句表语从句的表现形式1由从属连词引导。如“THAT”,“WHETHER”THEQUESTIONISWHETHERWESHOULDASKTHEMFORHELPTHETROUBLEISTHATHEHASNEVERDONETHEWORKBEFORE2由连接代词引导。如“WHAT”“WHO”“WHOM”“WHOSE”“WHICH”GUILINISNOTWHATITUSEDTOBEWHATSHEWANTSTOKNOWISWHICHDRESSSHESHOULDBUY3由连接副词引导。如“WHEN”“WHY”“WHERE”“HOW”“BECAUSE”THATISWHERELUXUNUSEDTOLIVETHATISWHYHEDIDNTPASSTHEEXAM4另可由ASIF,ASTHOUGH引导。如精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/18ITLOOKSASIFITWEREGOINGTORAIN表语从句两大要素1除THAT外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。2除THAT,WHETHER外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分。一些引导词的用法（一）THAT在表语从句中,又。THEFACTISTHATHEHASNTYETRECOVERFROMILLNESSTHEREASONWHYHEHASTOGOISTHATHISMOTHERISILLINBED比较在定语从句中的用法。THEREARESOMEFILMSTHATIDLIKETOSEESHEISTHEONLYONEAMONGUSTHATKNOWSFRENCH结论THAT在引导定语从句时,指事物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。（二）WHAT在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）1THEQUESTIONISWHATCAUSEDTHEACCIDENT2THATMOUNTAINISNOLONGERWHATITUSEDTOBE3WHATHETOLDYOUWASWHATHADBEENDISCUSSEDATTHEMEETING（三）WHICH在引导表语从句时,常充当定语,表语。表示“其中哪一个“。如IREADABOUTITINSOMEBOOKORANOTHER,BUTWHATIDONTKNOWI精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/18SWHICHBOOKITIS比较在定语从句中的用法。CHINAISACOUNTRYWHICHHASAHISTORYOF2000YEARSADICTIONARYISABOOKWHICHGIVESTHEMEANINGOFWORDS结论WHICH在引导定语从句时,指事物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略（四）当主句的主语为REASON,或者是WHY由引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用THAT来引导,而不能由BECAUSE引导BECAUSE引导表语从句时只能用于IT/THAT/THISIS/WASBECAUSE句型中如THEREASONWHYIWASLATEWASTHATIMISSEDTHETRAINIWASLATEIT/THAT/THISWASBECAUSEIMISSEDTHETRAIN（五）WHETHER在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。IF不能引导表语从句如WHATTHEDOCTORREALLYDOUBTSISWHETHERMYMOTHERWILLRECOVERFROMTHESERIOUSDISEASESOON（六）ASIF从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。如ITSOUNDSASIFITISRAINING听起来像是在下雨。HETALKSASIFHEISDRUNK从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。ASIF从句用虚拟语气的情况。当说话人认为句子所述的精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创12/18是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。如YOULOOKASIFYOUDIDNTCARE你看上去好像并不在乎。HETALKSASIFHEKNEWWHERESHEWAS他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“HAD过去分词”。如HETALKSABOUTROMEASIFHEHADBEENTHEREBEFORE他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。THEGIRLLISTENEDASIFSHEHADBEENTURNEDTOSTONE那女孩倾听着，像已经变成了石头似的。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“WOULDCOULDMIGHT动词原形”。如HEOPENEDHISMOUTHASIFHEWOULDSAYSOMETHING他张开嘴好像要说什么。ITLOOKSASIFITMIGHTSNOW看来好像要下雪了。（七）使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用“SHOULD动词原形”表示，SHOULD可省略。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创13/18常见的词有ADVICE，SUGGESTION，ORDER，PROPOSAL，PLAN，IDEA等。MYSUGGESTIONISTHATWE（SHOULD）STARTEARLYTOMORROWEXERCISE1THEQUESTIONIS_WEWILLHAVEOURSPORTSMEETNEXTWEEKATHATBIFCWHENDWHETHER2THEREASONWHYHEFAILEDIS_HEWASTOOCARELESSABECAUSEBTHATCFORDBECAUSEOF3GOANDGETYOURCOATITS_YOULEFTITAWHEREBTHERECTHEREWHEREDWHERETHERE4THEPROBLEMIS_TOTAKETHEPLACEOFTEDAWHOCANWEGETBWHATWECANGETCWHOWECANGETDTHATWECANGET5WHATIWANTTOKNOWIS_HELIKESTHEGIFTGIVENBYUSATHATBIFCWHETHERD不填6THEREASONIS_IMISSEDTHEBUSATHATBWHENCWHYDWHAT7THATIS_WEWERELATELASTTIMEATHATBWHENCWHYDWHAT8SHELOOKED_SHEWERETENYEARSYOUNGER精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创14/18ATHATBLIKECASDASTHOUGH9IFELLSICKITHINKITIS_YOUAREDOINGTOOMUCHAWHYBWHENCWHATDBECAUSE10THEREASONWHYHEHASNTCOMEIS_ABECAUSEHISMOTHERISILLBBECAUSEOFHISMOTHERSBEINGILLCTHATHISMOTHERISILLDFORHISMOTHERISILL11HEWASBORNHERETHATIS_HELIKESTHEPLACESOMUCHATHATBWHATCWHYDHOW12THATIS_LUXUNONCELIVEDAWHATBWHERECTHATDWHY13THEQUESTIONIS_ITISWORTHVISITINGAIFBASIFCWHETHERDHOW14THISIS_ITHAPPENEDAWHATBWHENCTHATDHOW15THISIS_THECITYLIESAWHICHBWHATCWHEREDWHEN16HEWASILLTHATIS_HEDIDNTCOMEYESTERDAYAWHENBWHYCHOWDTHAT17THATWAS_IWASTHIRTEENIENTEREDTHENO1MIDDLESCHOOL精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创15/18ABECAUSEBWHYCHOWDWHEN18THEPROBLEMIS_WECANMASTERMODERNSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYINASHORTTIMEAIFBTHATCWHATDHOW19DOESNTMRSMITHLIVEONTHISSTREETNOTHISIS_MRBROWNLIVESAWHICHBWHERECHOWDTHAT20THEREASONWHYHEHASBEENSUCHASUCCESSIS_HENEVERGIVESUPAWHATBWHERECHOWDTHAT21WHATISTHATBUILDING_THEGARDENEQUIPMENTISSTOREDATHATSWHEREBTHEREISINWHICHCTHEBUILDINGISDTHATSTHEBUILDINGWHICH22OURVILLAGEISNOLONGER_OVERTWENTYYEARSAGOAWHATWASITBWHATITWASCTHEVILLAGEWHATWASDWHATWASTHEVILLAGE23_YOUARETHEFIRSTONEHEREAITSEEMSTHATASIFBITSEEMSASIFTHATCITSEEMSASIFDITSEEMSTHATASTHOUGH24MYHOPEIS_HEWILLBECOMEADOCTORINTHEFUTURE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创16/18AIFBWHETHERCTHATDWHAT25HETREATEDMEASTHOUGH/ASIF_HISOWNSONAIAMBIWOULDBECIWASDIWERETHAT/WHAT的区别1_YOURFATHERWANTSTOKNOWIS_GETTINGONWITHYOURSTUDIESAWHATHOWAREYOUBTHAT；HOWYOUARECHOW；THATYOUAREDWHAT；HOWYOUARE2THETROUBLEIS_WEARESHORTOFTOOLSAWHATBTHATCHOWDWHYTHAT3AMERICAWAS_WASFIRSTCALLED“INDIA”BYCOLUMBUSAWHATBWHERECTHEPLACEDTHEREWHERE4CHINAI