it用作形式宾语的四个特殊句式.doc

it用作形式宾语的四个特殊句式当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English.（我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。）He makes it a rule never to borrow money.（他立志决不向别人借钱。）I think it no need talking about it with them.（我认为没必要跟他们谈。）We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it importantto learnEnglish well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.能这样用的动词有：think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为6123结构。6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式宾语it； 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 但是，以下几种用it作形式宾语的句型比较特殊，同学们需引起注意（同时它们也是高考的常考考点）：1. 动词+ it + that-从句。如：I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put等。2. 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate ，dislike, appreciate, prefer等，往往不能直接接宾语从句，如：I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。Id prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。3. 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语。如：See to it that youre not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。Look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。I cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。You may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。You may depend on it that we shall always help you.（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）Would you see to it that she gets home early?（你负责保证她早到家，好吗？）He insisted on it that he was innocent.（他坚持说自己是无辜的。）说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。4. 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。如：I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.（我让你自己判断这事是否该做。）We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.（多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。）说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sbs attention, owe it to sb , keep it in mind that等。5. 动词+it + as + 名词、形容词、从句The lecture takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.能用于此句型中的动词有：accept, regard, take, see, view等试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：1. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89) A. this B. that C. it D. he2. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it3. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them7. Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one(2005全国卷3)13. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. sheC. whichD. he 代词(2005全国卷1)35. The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting . A. that B. it C. this D. him 代词(2006浙江卷)4. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It(2006山东卷)24. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you_ felt funny watching myself on TV. (2007全国卷II)A. OneB. ThisC. ItD. That_ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. (2007山东卷)A. This B. That C. What D. ItHe didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.(2007天津卷)A. this B. that C. it D. these(2009浙江卷) Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. A .this B. that C. there D. it(2010全国卷II 14). The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it(2010辽宁卷33). The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country. A. so B. much C. that D. it （2011山东卷） 24. The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that（2011江西卷）25. Why dont you bring _ to his attention. A. thatB. itC. hisD. him（2011天津卷）1. We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one模拟练习：1. _ happened _ he is unfit for the office. A. This; that B. That; that C. It; that D. He; that2. We took _ for granted that they would accept our advice. A. that B. this C. it D. them3. _ that the scientist will give us a talk next month? A. Is true B. Is it true C. Its true D. Its truly4. _ doesnt matter much _ dress you are going to wear. A. This; that B. That; who C. It; which D . It; who5. _ is going to America for further study.A. He is said that B. People said that he C. It was said he D. It is said that he6. They are good friends. _ is no wonder that they know each other so well. A. This B. That C. There D. It7. Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A. this B. there C. that D. it8. She liked _ when he kissed her. A. him B. that C. one D. it9. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. A. It B. There C. Those D. One10. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. A. that B. this C. its D. itKey: 高考真题: 1-8 CDDDDADC模拟练习: 1-5 CCBCD 6-10 DDDAD学生版 试比较下列高考题，选出最佳答案：1. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he2. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A. this B. that C. its D. it3. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it4. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it5. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It6. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them7. Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one9. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help.A. it B. sheC. whichD. he 代词10. The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting .A. that B. it C. this D. him 代词11. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It12. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. it C. this D. you13. _ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. OneB. ThisC. ItD. That14. _ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A. This B. That C. What D. It15. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A. this B. that C. it D. these16. Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. A .this B. that C. there D. it17. The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it18. The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country A. so B. much C. that D. it 19.The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that20. Why dont you bring _ to his attention. A. that B. it C. his D. him21. We feel _ our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one模拟练习：1. _ happened _ he is unfit for the offic