语法入门第九课一般将来时.doc

Nick老师建议：结合视频学习效果更好/playlist_show/id_5650620.html 第九课:一般将来时态 一般将来时态用在表示即将要发生的动作和状态的句子里面。也可以说，这些动作和状态还没有发生，但是在将来的某个时间要发生。本来将来时态的构成方式是最简单的。但是因为有两种构成方式，并且这两种构成方式让很多人混淆。所以变得没有那么简单。第一种是由助动词“will”构成，第二种是由助动词“be going to”构成。 其实“will”和 “be going to ”是一样的，都是助动词，没有意思，作用也是一样的。下面先看第一种构成方式。 一般将来时态，状态的句子，只要把系动词“be ”变成“will be” ，然后加上表示将来的时间状语，就可以了。主语和表语不需要变化，而且不需要考虑主语的人称和单复数的变化。不管主语是什么人称，不管是单数还是复数，都是will be +表语。看下面的公式就知道了。 一、 主语+will be+表语+表示将来的时间状语 （当主语是 I 或者we的时候可以用 shall be 代替will be, 也可以不代替，因为shall be和will be 的意思一样的。）1.肯定句I will be a teacher next year.我明年要做/成为老师。（Be +职业的时候，be表示“成为，做”的意思） She will be a manager next month.她下个月要做经理了。 We will be rich in the future.我们将来会有钱的。 You will be beautiful tomorrow.你明天会变漂亮的。2.一般疑问句 把“will”移到句首，“be” 保持不变Will you be a teacher next year? 你明年要做老师吗？ yes,I will 是的，我要做 no, I will not / wont 不，我不做Will she be a manager next month？她下个月要做经理了吗？Yes，she will，是的，她要做 no，she wont不，她不做Will you be rich in the future.? 你们将来会有钱吗？ Yes，we will 是的，我们会 no，we wont不，我们不会Will I be beautiful tomorrow.? 我明天会变漂亮吗？ Yes，you will 是的，你会 no，you wont不，你不会3.否定句 在“will”后面加“not”,一般缩写为“wont”,“be”保持不变。I wont be a teacher next year.我明年不做老师She will not be a manager next month她下个月不做经理We wont be rich in the future.我们将来不会有钱的。You wont be beautiful tomorrow.你明天不会变漂亮的。一般将来时态，动作的句子，只要在谓语动词原型前面加上“will”, 然后加上表示将来的时间状语，就可以了。主语和宾语不需要变化，而且不需要考虑主语的人称和单复数的变化。不管主语是什么人称，不管是单数还是复数，都是“will+动词原型”。看下面的公式就知道了：二、主语+will +动词原形+宾语+表示将来的时间状语 1.肯定句I will buy a house next year我明年要买一套房子。I will write a composition tomorrow.我明天写篇作文。She will live here next year.她明年要住这里。He will find a job this summer今年夏天，他会找到一份工作的。2.一般疑问句. 把will 移到句首，动词原型保持不变Will you buy a house next year? 你明年要买一套房子吗？ Yes，I will是的，我要买 no，I wont不，我不买Will you write a composition tomorrow? 你明天写一篇作文吗？ yes,I will 是的，我写 no,I wont不，我不写Will she live here next year? 她明年会住这里吗？ Yes,she will 是的，她会 no,she wont不，她不会Will he find a job this summer? 今年夏天，他会找到一份工作吗？ yes , he will 是的，他会 no, he wont不，他不会3.否定句 “will” 后面加“not” ,一般缩写成“wont”,动词原型保持不变。I will not buy a house next year 我明年不买房子I wont write a composition tomorrow.我明天不写作文She wont live here next year.她明年不住这里He wont find a job this summer今年夏天，他不会找到一份工作的。表示将来的时间状语一般情况下，一般将来时态需要加上表示将来的时间状语。可以直接使用一些表示将来的时间副词，如：tomorrow 明天. Tonight今晚 the day after tomorrow后天大部分表示将来的时间状语，都是由介词或副词跟其他词语构成的。一般有下面几种构成方式：Next(下一个) ： next week下周 next year 明年 next Sunday下周日After（。之后）：after work下班之后 after school放学后 after class下课后 after 4：00Later（。之后）：three days later三天之后 a week later一周之后 ten months later10个月之后In（。之后）： in three minutes 三分钟后 in a few days几天后 in a week 一周之后 “After”和“later”的区别在于“after”是介词，表示时间的词语放在“after”后面，“later”是时间副词，表示时间的词语放在“later”前面。另外，“later”也看单独用，如：I will see you later. “In” 跟“after”都是介词，表示时间的词语都放在它们的后面。区别在于，一般情况下，“after”后面接的是一点时间（如果加一段时间，如，after three days只能用于过去时），“in”后面接的是一段时间。另外，“in”也可以跟表示将来年份的数词构成将来时间状语，比如：in 2012,in 2050 一般将来时态的第二种构成方式是由助动词“be going to”来构成。“Be going to”就等于 “will”。不要把“be going to”当作三个单词看待，“be going to”只是一个词语，只是一个助动词，这点要注意了。“Be going to ”和“will ”有一点不同，“be going to” 有三种形式，分别是“am going to ,is going to 和are going to.”当主语是“I”的时候用“am going to”, 主语是第三人称单数的时候用“is going to”，主语是“you”和复数的时候，用“are going to”。请看下面的公式：三、主语+be going to+be 表语+表示将来的时间状语 1.肯定句I am going to be a teacher next year. 我明年要做/成为老师(=I will be a teacher next year) She is going to be a manager next month. 她下个月要做经理了 We are going to be rich in the future. 我们将来会有钱的 You are going to be beautiful tomorrow. 你明天会变漂亮2.一般疑问句 把“be going to ”的“be” 移到句首，其他的不变。Are you going to be a teacher next year？你明年要做老师吗Yes，I am 是，我会做 no，I am not不，我不会Is she going to be a manager next month？她下个月要做经理了吗yes，she is 是的，她会 no，she isnt 不，她不会Are you going to be rich in the future? 你们将来会有钱吗Yes, we are 是的，我们会 no , we are not不，我们不会Am I going to be beautiful tomorrow? 我明天会变漂亮吗？Yes,you are 是的，你会 no,you arent不，你不会3.否定句 在be going to 的be 后面加not，其他不变。I am not going to be a teacher next year. 我明年不做/成为老师 She isnt going to be a manager next month. 她下个月不做经理 We are not going to be rich in the future. 我们将来不会有钱的 You are not going to be beautiful tomorrow. 你明天不会变漂亮四、主语+be(not) going to +动词原形+宾语+表示将来的时间状语1.肯定句I am going to buy a house next year我明年要买一套房子（=I will buy a house next year）Im going to write a composition tomorrow. 我明天写篇作文She is going to live here next year. 她明年要住在这里He is going to find a job this summer今年夏天，他会找到一份工作的2.一般疑问句把“be going to”的“be” 移到句首。其他的不变。Are you going to buy a house next year? 你明年要买一套房子吗 Yes, I am 是的，我买 no,I am not不，我不买Are you going to write a composition tomorrow? 你明天写一篇作文吗？Yes,I am,是的，我会写No,I am not不，我不会写Is she going to live here next year? 她明年会住在这里吗？ Yes,she is 是的，她会 no,she isnt不，她不会Is he going to find a job this summer? 今年夏天，他会找到一份工作吗？Yes,he is是的，他会 no,he isnt不，他不会3.否定句在“be going to”的“be” 后面加“not”，其他的不变。I am not going to buy a house next year我明年不买房子Im not going to write a composition tomorrow. 我明天不写作文She isnt going to live here next year. 她明年不住在这里He isnt going to find a job this summer今年夏天，他不会找到一份工作的附：在美国口语里面，“going to”变成“gonna”，“I am going to buy a house”，在口语里面就是：“Im gonna buy a house” 人称代词和will一起的缩写形式对照： I will =Ill You will =youll she will= shell he will =hellwe will= well they will= theyll附：相关阅读Tomorrow will be Sunday. Wang Hai will be free. He is going to get up at half past six. In the morning, he is going to visit Art museum. Sometimes he goes there on Sunday. In the afternoon, he will play basketball with his friends at two oclock. He always plays basketball with them. At half past three, he will watch a football match. At half past six, he will have supper at restaurant with his father and mother. After supper, they will go fishing. -选自互联网作业：1用句型“主语+will be+表语+表示将来的时间状语”造五句话，需变疑问句和否定句作业示范：she will be five years old next year Will she be five years old next year? Yes,she will ,no ,she wont She wont be five years old next year.2用句型“主语+will +动词原形+宾语+表示将来的时间状语” 造五句话，需变疑问句和否定句作业示范：he will give you a gift tomorrow Will he give you a gift tomorrow? Yes,he will,no,he wont He wont give you a gift tomorrow3用句型“主语+be going to+be 表语+表示将来的时间状语” 造五句话，需变疑问句和否定句作业示范：lily is going to be a singer in the future Is lily going to be a singer in the future? Yes,she is,no,she isnt4用句型“主语+be(not) going to +动词原形+宾语+表示将来的时间状语” 造五句话，需变疑问句和否定句作业示范：they are going to win the game tomorrow Are they going to win the game tomorrow? Yes,they are,no ,they arent They are not going to win the game tomorrow.错例集锦与分析：1.I will be win 错误分析：win是动词，是动作的句子，没有be,把be 去掉。2.He will be customs next year错误分析：customs是海关的意思，这句话不符合逻辑。他是人，不可能是海关。3.Theyre going to be announce something错误分析：announce 是动词，动作的句子，没有be, 把be 去掉。4.I am going to hunger错误分析：am going to只是助动词，后面要加动词原型或者be,这里没有动词原形也没有be,显然是不对的。并且hunger是名词，作表语表明主语的身份，i是人，不是饥饿，不符合逻辑。可以这样改：I am going to be hungry.5.I am will Learn English tonight错误分析：在一般将来时态里面是不会有am,am只用在一般现在时态里面。6.I am going to be Write schoolwork tonight错误分析：write是动词，动作的句子，没有be, 把be 去掉。另外，做作业，应该是do homework,所以应该改为：I am going to do my homework tonight.7.He will be a pilot the week after next.错误分析：时间状语错了。After不会和next连用的。直接说，next week.没有定冠词the.应改为：he will be a pilot next week.8.We will be a high school student next month.错误分析：we是复数，所以后面的student 应该要变复数，变成students.9.We are not going to late错误分析：late是形容词，不是动词。Be going to 后面要加动词原型，或者be，所以应该加一个be,改为：we are not going to be late.10.I will go home in tonight 错误分析：tonight已经是时间副词了，可以直接作时间状语。不需要加介词in.11.Im going to do a model next year错误分析：这句语法没有错，但是表达方式错了，做模特，是做一种职业，在英文要用be 动词，不能用do,也不能用make.应该改为：Im going to be a model next year.12.We are going to be success a year later 错误分析：success是名词，名词作表语，在这里显然不符合逻辑。我们都是人，不是“成功”这个抽象概念。所以应该用形容词或者动词表达：we are going to be successful a year later或we are going to succeed a year later13.I will visit to the Great Wall the day after tomorrow错误分析：visit是及物动词，直接加宾语就可以了，不需要加介词to,直接去掉to.14.I am going to buyer a book this weekend错误分析：buyer是名词，并不是动词，不能表达动作，应该改为动词buy15.we will missing the train to London错误分析：will后面都是加动词原型的，不可能加现在分词的，把missing改为原型miss.练习：一.用一般将来时态填空1 _you _(be)a doctor when you grow up?2 He will (be )back in a few minutes.3 What time _we (meet) at the gate tomorrow?4 -“I need some paper.” - “I _(bring)some for you.”5_you (be)free tomorrow?6 They _(not leave) until you come back.7 _we_(go) to the party together this afternoon?8 They want to know when the meeting _（start）.9 I _(go) with you if I have time.10 Hurry up! Or we _(be) late.11What _you _(do) tomorrow afternoon?12 Jenny _ _ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.13 If she isnt free tomorrow, she _(not take) part in the party.14）Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.15）David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.16）We (buy) him a pen for his birthday next week.17）If it is sunny tomorrow, we (have)a picnic outside.18) he (give)a talk on “Works of art”next Friday? No, he _. He _ (visit) the Palace Museum.19) She _ (not go) swimming this weekend.20) Where_Tom (go) the day after tomorrow?二.选择题( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to be C. is going to beD. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month.A. isnt workingB. doesnt working C. isnt going to workingD. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。）A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont.D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once.A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday?A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting.A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to give( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rainB. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?A. are; go B. do; go C. will; going D. will; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time.A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goesD. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow t