高中英语听力教学中存在的问题以及策略.doc

学年论文Title: The Problems and Tactics in Teaching of English Listening in High School论文题目：高中英语听力教学中存在的问题以及策略学生姓名：周 婷专 业：英 语班 级：080911指导老师：沈兴涛 二零一零年六月AbstractAs an international language, English is widely used in the world. It is usually believed that language learning is a very difficult task and generally consists of four types of skills; listening, speaking, reading and writing. Many researchers indicate that listening is used more frequently than other forms of verbal communication, especially in the process of teaching. Listening can build up vocabulary, develop language usage, and get more information. Besides, with the Audio Video Method widely used in English classrooms we know that English should be taught as a communicative tool. As in the long-term learning of English listening, it has not deserved the enough regard nesses. With fewer classes, there is no ample time for students to be trained. And lacks of the necessary condition out of class, students have the inefficient ability to complete English listening. To make things worse, most high school in China pay little attention on the essence of listening. Instead, they regard the grades of what students get as the major point. In this way, the motivation of learning English is swept away, even their interest. This paper will discuss the current phenomena of English learning in teaching, the problems in English listening and to put forward the according tactics.Key words: English teaching；listening,；problems,；tactics摘 要作为一种国际语言， 英语广泛应用于世界。语言学习是一项比较艰难的任务。语言一般包含四个方面：听，说，读，写。很多研究者表明听力比其他三项更具说服力在交流中，尤其在教学过程中。听力可以增加词汇，发展语言应用，和提供更多信息。而且，自从视频声频在英语教学中广泛应用，英语应该被视为一项交流工具。在长期的英语学习过程中,听力教学一直不被引起足够的重视。听力课时少,学生没有足够时间在课堂上接受训练。而课后由于没有练习听力的环境,所以导致学生听英语的能力薄弱。而且单一的传统教学模式不能提高学生的学习积极性,甚至抹杀了学生学习英语的兴趣。本文针对当前的学生学习英语状况,从思想动机、教学过程、和听力教学策略三方面分析了学生听力水平难以提高的原因,并就其原因提出了英语听力教学的改进措施。关键词：英语教学；听力；问题；策略CONTENTSChapter1 Introduction.1 Chapter 2 Problems in Teaching of English Listening.3 2.1 Inadequate Awareness, Unsuitable Training Methods.3 2.2Lack of Necessary Listening Skills.3 2.3 Having a Poor Knowledge of English Culture.4 2.4 Poor Listening Habits.4 2.5 Low-mark Psychological Diathesis.4 2.6 Owing Good Skills for Exams.4 2.7 Having a Weak Foundation.4Chapter 3 Tactics.6 3.1 Fire Enthusiasm, Improve Motivation.6 3.2 Treat Listening Skills as a Major Point.6 3.2.1 Cultivate a Good Habit in Listening.6 3.2.2 Taking Notes In listening process.7 3.2.3 Staying Calm in the Listening Process.7 3.3 Explicate the Aims; Map the Suitable Plan.7 3.4 Build up an Excellent English Atmosphere.7 3.5 Use Different Ways of Listening.8 3.6 Combine Listening, Speaking, Writing to a Unit.8 3.7 Be Familiar with the Subjects in Entrance Exam.9Chapter4Conclusion.10 Acknowledgements.11References Bibliography.12东华理工大学学年论文 Chapter 1 IntroductionThe Problems and Tactics in Teaching of English Listening in High SchoolChapter 1 IntroductionThe English Syllabus of Full-time Senior Middle School clearly defines: one of the aims of junior English teaching is to develop students English communicative ability. It emphasizes listening, speaking, reading and writing. The four skills are closely dependent on each other. Speaking ability relies on listening ability. All information can be put in by listening. From listening people can make languages into words and imitate to speak what they have heard. So people can develop their listening ability from speaking. Nowadays, the media are widely used, and the listening skills have become more and more important. However, reading is emphasized too much in English teaching, while speaking and listening are neglected. As a result, the development of listening is always ignored by the English teachers. Many students are good at writing, but they are afraid of listening and even they dont understand what the foreigners say. So the English teachers must pay more attention to students listening practice. It is the key way to improve their listening and strengthen the listening teaching methods. How can the English teachers overcome the difficulties and barriers of English listening and develop students listening ability? With the opening reform used in our country, we are good at taking in the good side of other countries, including the learning of popular languages. Besides, English is widely used all over the word, which China realized. Then country makes English as one of subjects in students courses. English listening is one of the largest problems. The Education Ministry provides and tries to more strategies.The whole paper consists of five chapters: Chapter One is research background and the structure of the paper; Chapter Two introduces problems in teaching of English listening, including seven parts; Chapter There deals with tactics, including even aspects, too. Chapter will give a brief conclusion. 2东华理工大学学年论文 Chapter 2 Problems in Teaching of English ListeningChapter 2 Problems in Teaching of English ListeningWith the Social life of economic globalization and information, the importance of English is becoming increasingly conspicuous. Besides, English listening is the most important in the four aspects in a language, and it takes a fifth in an entrance exam. The English teaching program in high school regards Listening and Speaking as the first one unite. The more importance of learning English is, the more necessary for developing listening is. Therefore, we should realize the problems in teaching of English listening. Then we will give the tactics accordingly.Current problems in teaching of English listening are:2.1 Inadequate Awareness, Unsuitable Training Methods Compared with Chinese, English comes to our subject for a short time. In order to get high grades in exam, students and teachers pay mach attention on English listening. They neither do get a deeper thought of English listening. With the consensus of the college entrance examination, teachers are training English listening for students by dialogue or passages. However, the training is not up to the effect. Because the high school teachers ignore that English listening is a long-term task, they should pay more attention on the process and are not eager to the perfect result.2.2Lack of Necessary Listening Skills Acquiring listening skills is frustrating. This is because successful listening skills are acquired over time and with lots of practice. Its frustrating for students because there are no rules as in grammar teaching. Students take a low look at how intonation and stress influence the way English is spoken. At the same time, they do not tell the main features in listening, such as characteristics, places, time, and what happens. Therefore, during the listening, students make inaccurate meaning of words in different situations, have a low ability to guess the meaning of words, catch no main idea, and loss the most important details. 2.3Having a Poor knowledge of English Culture The contents of English listening cover various fields, such as Astronomy, Geography, History, and so on. It is difficult for students to master so plenty of knowledge. What is a worse, student would understand the western culture or other things in Chinese way. In this way, they are likely to get a half understanding of the listening, even total unknown.2.4Poor Listening Habit When students do listening, they always translate what they have heard to Chinese, and then think about their meaning in Chinese way. They can not do listening, understanding, reciting at the same time, even getting a connectional reciting. In addition, few students develop the habit of listening to English tapes, watching the television or video-graphic. Because of not enough input, the improvement of listening will come to bubble. 2.5Low-mark Psychological Diathesis Students take a little careless on improving their psychological diathesis in daily life, so when they learn something new, they are not able to the stress, especially the time when they take exams. Lacking of a positive, confident diathesis, or coming across fast speed and the noise of the background, or hearing a voice in typically content, the students often feel anxiety and tension. Sometimes they think the difficulty of listening is overpass. From psychologically exclusive contents , it leads to a bad effect on hearing to a worse understanding.2.6Owing God Skills for Exams Just keeping an eye on grades, not only do students try to master the good skills for exams, but teachers spent a lot of time instilling those necessary skills for exams, and ignore the real skills of English listening on practice. 2.7a Weak Foundation With less attention to English in primary school and middle school, there is a small possibility for high school students to dig a deep pit in English listening. Thus, it is easier for them to miss something important during the listening. 5东华理工大学学年论文 Chapter 3 TacticsChapter 3 TacticsIn hearing, a voice refers to English language and understanding, and writing in English. It is crucial to learn English, as Rivers Tenderly said ： It is based on knowledge of language knowledge, semantic and syntactic three aspects .It is the most widely used form in active, social activities. How to improve our aural level, the most critical is that we should do ：3.1Fire Enthusiasm, Improve Motivation Enthusiasm has the similar meaning of interest. Interest is the motivation in studying. If you are into the listening, you will have a positive learning, which leads to a better efficient result. Therefore, teachers ought to size every opportunity to improve motivation. Taking use of broadcast in school, build up an English column with a quarter or half an hour in a day, which provides a chance for students to listen to English out of class. In this way, students gradually like listening English.3.2Treat Listening Skills as a Main Point In the aural teaching, teachers should pay attention to the hearing of training, because the hearing is to improve the students understanding. Hearing understanding is the effective measure to make a positive mental cognitive process, and it is the result of many languages ability, background knowledge and ability of thinking. Cello-Murcia (1995 - Murcia) understands hearing, starting from two information processing- listening comprehension of the mental process for the listener in the aural process to use the corresponding strategies and policies. Forecast strategy is a very important one. The forecast is based on what had been a clue to the that may appear behind the message content. Theoretically, 50% of listening skills related to forecasts ; in a language understanding, that is the way.1).cultivate a good habit in listening It aims at a good habit in registering. Having made a preview of what you will hear, guess what you will listen to, and make a decent preparation. If you could not read all subjects before listening, you should have a quick look and give answer during listening. By means of a phrase for based, not word for word or Italian group is to understand the overall.2) .take notes in listening process Listening to the material and making the simple records are to wake memory. To record the persons, places, time and time, etc. Recording numbers ought to have focal points and skills, such as figures in the Arabic numeral, place, names, stands for the long sentences or with words on the main point, in order to answer as a reference.3) .stay clam in the listening process If there is not understanding in some points, maintain stability; dont be nervous. If you can not answer, lay aside and not to ruminate, and keep readjustment for the next point. Otherwise, probably because thinking about a problem will miss the next point, even his visionary gaze for several questions.3.3. Explicit the Aims, Map the Suitable PlanTeaching in English listening aims to encourage students to effectively obtain information orally, and the ability trains students to use English communication of what the most basic means of communication is. Firth has said: “The first thing is listening when students learn to speak English . Therefore, according to their specific situations, each term is drawing up of reasonable education programmed for students of the special training hearing skills with the speed and a number of classes for teaching results, and as a different.3.4. Build an Excellent English Atmosphere Although we have joined the WTO, the international exchange organization also continued to increase in the open policy which will also have further in-depth studies and come to China business and foreigners will significantly increase, but most of the students mainly learning English in the classroom. Therefore, the teacher in class should try to use English as soon as possible to students from understanding. English classes begin to gradually increase of listening to the material. It is the initiative for training English listening.3.5. Use Different Ways of ListeningThere are two ways for listening: intensive one and extensive one. when the students have to listen the more products, such as questions on materials （ hearing ） of the entrance examination until quite understanding, even to repeat. Method can take dictation in each sentence, and then examine correct. You can listen to and repeat information content and answer questions, so that teachers know how much students master the material. Extensive one tells students to listen to a considerable length and difficult subject of diversification and training materials, mainly to train students to the effect of the subject. Students can listen to the British and American radio, such as the VOA special English and BBC radio program, a good wait here until the light of the language flow. However, having full knowledge is essential to listening, which is able to hear of a deepened and application of the pan sounds very good.3.6. Combine Listening, Speaking, Writing to a Unit Listening and speaking are said to be an indivisible whole. In order to speak well, we must understand what we have listened, and speak continually. Therefore, the teacher will take active part in organizing student to size every chance to speak English, and express what you want to say in English. We should make full use of English Corner, finding the British and American people to practice spoken English. Therefore, that can improve listening, and speak well.To listen combines with speaking. Listening and reading together are making more multi-language flu and to help identify language flow. Listen and read with the words out of shape, and in the memory of the rapid reduction of judgment error should be consolidated and expanded. The good of listening depends on how much your reading put. The fields of the commonly used phrases will be more familiar and listening to English may be waived when translated into Chinese to understand this translation of a heart and go direct apprehended. Its a combination of listening and writing that is essential to improve the level of hearing. On the combination, students have not only understood the meaning of what had listened, but also are able to have a full record. At the beginning, its time to start at the basic words and simple sentences of dictating text, and in the end, its time to dictate a text with 100 to 150 words. When a student can write down what he had heard, he has no problem of understanding the text.3.7Be Familiar with the Subjects in Entrance ExamThe subjects of College entrance examination on English listening, including the dialogue or passages or monologue in two parts to text whether the students understand spoken English and record the language which is a little below the reading material, the use of speech and a natural pace read. The listening tests pay great attention to the authenticity of documentation from the radio