大学英语四级15选10练习及详解

选词填空练习及讲解1.Health food is a general term applied to all kinds of foods that are considered more healthful than the types of foods widely sold in supermarkets.For example,whole grains,fried beans,and corn oil are health foods.A narrower (1) of health food is natural food.This term is used to (2) between types of the same food.Raw honey is a natural sweetener,(3) refined suger is not.Fresh fruit is a natural food,but canned fruit,with sugars and other additives,is not.The most (4) term of all and the narrowest classification within health foods is organic food,used to (5) food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm.Fruit and vegetables that are grown in gardens,that are (6) only with organic fertilizers,that are not sprayed with (7) insecticides,and that are not refined after harvest,are organic foods.Meat,fish,dairy and poultry products from animals that are (8) only organically grown feed and that are not injected with hormones(荷尔蒙) are organic foods.In choosing the type of food you eat,then,you have basically two choices: inorganic,processed foods,or organic,unprocess foods.A wise decision should (9) investigation of the allegations(宣称) that processed foods contain (10),some of which are proven to be towic,and that vitamin content is greatly reduced in processed foods. A.describe E.chemicals I.classification M.samplesB.whereas F.precise J.when N.poisonousC.Vital G.shape K.fed O.dealtD.treated H.include L.distinguish 2.EI Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48, the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5.The warning of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51. 沪江四六级 EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years.Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an EI Nino will 55, but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be. 沪江四六级 F phenomenon B strengthE tropical L bringing K starvationJ destructive N worth A estimate O strike I completely C deliberately D notify G stable 沪江四六级 H attraction M exhaustion 沪江四六47【解析】选F。 空格前为一形容词，通常其后修饰名词，可推知空格处要填一单数名词。从前文可知，所填名词指代EI Nino（厄尔尼诺）这种奇怪的气候现象。选项中共有六个名词，而能指代EI Nino的只有F phenomenon（现象）。48【解析】选B。从主谓搭配来看，空格处描绘信风在哪方面减弱（the trade winds lessen），选项中剩下的五个名词中能形容风力减弱的只有B strength(力量)。49【解析】选E。选项中能修饰名词thunderstorms（雷暴）的形容词，并且和闷热、潮湿的空气气候现象相联系的只有Etropical（热带的），选项中其他两个形容词J destructive（毁灭性），与severe(严重的)意思重复，而 G stable（稳定的）不用来修饰thunderstorms。 50【解析】选L。此处逗号起重要提示作用，逗号后面部分为伴随状态，起补充说明作用。选项中只有动词的现在分词形式符合题意，L bringing为正确选项。51【解析】选K。从关键连词while，可知此处while前后两分句形成结构上和语义上的对比，从选项中剩下的四个名词中选出能和drought（干旱）、poor crops（农作物歉收）构成语义上的顺承关系的名词是K starvation(饥荒)。强干扰项 M exhaustion（耗尽枯竭）不能很好地描述poor crops现象。52【解析】选J。此处填一形容词修饰weather。选项中只剩下两个候选形容词。从后一句话对其带来影响的描述(2,000 people dead) 可轻松地选对J destructive(毁灭性的)。53【解析】选N。此处填一名词，能与eight billion pounds形成合理搭配，且修饰damage（损失），选项中只有N worth（价值）符合题意。 沪江四六级54【解析】选A。此处填一动词。选项中有三个动词为候选项。从宾语来看，the longest EI Nino for 2,000 years(两千年以来持续时间最长的厄尔尼诺现象)为结论性的话，排除O strike（打击）；D notify（通知）为不及物动词，后接介词of，不选；A estimate（评估）符合题意。55【解析】选O。此处填一动词，主语为EI Nino，在两个候选的动词中，D notify（通知）主语通常为人，排除它。O strike作及物动词时表示“到达, 侵袭”，与题意相符。 沪江四六级 56【解析】选I。从空格后的形容词sure（确定的）可知此处填一副词。选项中两个副词completely(完全地)和deliberately（故意地），很容易能选I) completely（完全地）为正确选项。3.As the pace of life continues to increase,we are fast losing the art of relaxation.Relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body,but stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it.In fact,it is not the bad thing it is often (1) to be.A certain amount of stress is vital to provide (2) and give purpose to life.It is only when the stress gets out of (3) that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can (4) depends very much on the individual.Some people are afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities.Others lose heart at the first (5) of unusual difficulties.When (6) to stress,in whatever form,we react both physically and (7).In fact we make choice between fight and flight and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life and death.The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so (8),but however little the stress,it involves the same response.It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes (9).Since we cannot (10) stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. A.exposed E.motivation I.integrate M.physiologically B.difficult F.temptation J.mentally N.signs C.withstand G.control K.extreme O.endangeredD.proposed H.supposed L.remove 参考答案：HEGCNAJKOL4.The use of nuclear power has already spread all over the world.However,scientists still have not agreed on what should be done with the large amounts of waste material that keep increasing every year.Most waste materials are (1) of simply by placing them somewhere.But nuclear waste must be (2) with extremely great care.It gives off dangerous radiation and it will continue to be (3) for hundreds,thousands,even millions of years.How should we get rid of such waste material in such a way that it will not harm the (4) ?Where can we possibly (5) distribute it?One idea is to put this radioactive waste inside a thick container,which is then dropped to the bottom of the ocean.But some scientists believe that this way of (6) nuclear waste could kill fish and other living things in the oceans or (7) with their growth.Another way to (8) nuclear waste is to send it into space,to the sun,where it would be burned.Other scientists suggest that this polluting material should be (9) thousands of meters under the earths surface.Such underground areas must be (10) of possible earthquakes.Advances are being made.But it may still be many years before this problem could be finally settled. A.free E.deadly I.remove M.environmentB.interfere F.safely J.dealt N.disturbC.residence G.buried K.disposed O.unfavorableD.handled H.scattering L.discarding参考答案KDEMF LBIGA5.Man has become master of the earths surface. He is (1) probing into the earths depths and into the atmospheres upper reaches, yet it is (2) whether man, with all of his intelligence and vigor, holds his planetary seat with greater assurance than a vast of small, many-legged animals that pass their lives at their feet-the spiders.Spider are among the (3) of science. They dwell at higher altitudes than any other (4) their size or larger. On the (5) of Mount Everest, at an altitude of twenty-two thousand feet-five thousand feet above the vegetation line-lives a species of black spider only a quarter of an inch long. This is an (6) environment for creatures so delicately constructed. To (7) themselves from the chill of night, they take (8) in crevices(缝隙) where the twenty-four-hour variation in temperature is only twelve degrees, as against forty-four on the outside.Spiders (9) other unlikely places-rabbit burrows(洞穴),flowers, anthills, and the desolate, drafty aeries of eagles. They have been found soaring through the air five miles above the earth. One species has been (10) in an American cavern more than two thousand feet underground. A.incredible E.slopes I.discovered M.doubtfulB.creature F.inhabit J.permanently N.constantlyC.exposed G.defense K.marvels O.imaginableD.protect H.shelter L.prohibitNMKBE ADHFI6.Each human being is born as something new,something that never existed before.He is born with what he needs to win at life.Each person in his own (1) can see,hear,touch,taste,and think for himself.Eachhave (2)to be a significant,thinking,aware,and creativly (3) person in his own right-a winner.The words winner and loser have many meanings.When we refer to a person as a winner,we do not mean one who (4) the other guy by winning over him and making him lose.To us,a winner is one who responds authentically by being (5),trustwothy,responsive,and genuine,both as a(n) (6) and as a member of society.A loser is one who (7) to respond authentically.Martin Buber (8) this idea as he retells an old story of a rabbi who on his death bed sees himself as a loser.The rabbi laments that,in the world to come,he will not be asked why he wasnt Moses;he will be asked why he wasnt himself.Few people are one hundred percent winners or one hundred percent losers.It is a(n) (9) of degree.However,once a person is on the road to being a winner,his (10) are greater for becoming even more so. A.succeeds E.productive I.way M.caseB.individual F.chances J.credibleN.failsC.rejects G.beats K.expresses O.controversial D.potential H.intellectual L.matter 参考答案：IDEGJBNKLF单词解释： controversial: .kntrv:l a. 引起争论的,有争议的rabbi: rbai n. 犹太的法学博士,法师,先生7.When the earth was born there was no ocean.The gradually cooling earth was enveloped in heavy layers of cloud,which (1) much of the water of new planet.For a long time its surface was so hot that no moisture could fall without (2) being reconverted to steam.This dense,perpe