Lecture 1 Sentence structure

EnglishGrammarCourse CourseRequirements Tobepunctual Tobeactive Tobeserious FinalResults AverageTest 30 FinalTest 70 1 Attendance 10 2 ClassPerformance 5 3 Assignments Note taking 5 GroupWork 4 Homework 6 GROUPWORK 3Ss group Revision oral introductionComments summary 2mins Courseintroduction 教学目的 通过系统地学习基本词法和句法 了解英语语法的内涵 通过对语法各方法的具体规则的训练 真正提高运用语言的实际能力 从根本上规范语言输出 教学内容及安排 句子结构 名词和名词词组 限定词 代词 动词和动词词组 主谓一致 动词的时体态式 非谓语动词形式 并列句 复合句 Lecture1SentenceStructure www NordriD 1 1ClauseElements Theclauseorthesimplesentenceisstructurallyasequenceofphrasesandlogicallyaconstructionof subject predicate Thinkitover Subject Predicate Doesthepredicateonlyrefertotheverb SubjectPredicateHenryisthemoststudiousintheclass AllthemenhavedonetheirbestMr Carterwillinvestigatefurther Jennie spaintingswerejudgedinferiortoWanda s Smokingcigarettescausestroubleinthelungs NewInformation KnownInformation Subject anounphraseoranequivalentofnounphrase Predicate averbphrasewithorwithoutcomplementation object complement adverbial subject predicate Subject anounphraseoranequivalentofnounphrase Predicate averbphrasewithorwithoutcomplementation object complement adverbial CompoundSubject Theboysandthegirlsareplanningadance Fruitfliesandladybugsareinsects JoshuaandDanielgotlostinthewoods CompoundPredicate Leahjumpedonherbikeandrodearoundtheblock Myfriendlivesinagreenhouseandridesaredbicycle Iopenedthemagazineandbegantoreaditquietly CompoundSubjectandCompoundPredicate Herbrotherandhersisterwereveryshyandwerereallyhardpersonstogettoknow CassandraandJennybuiltamodelairplaneandpainteditbrightyellow DoublePredicate InEnglish somenotionalverbscanalsoplaytheroleoflinkverbinthesamesentence Thatistosay theverbinasentencecanactastworoles notionalverbandlinkverb SurfaceStructure Helefthomeamerechildandreturnedquiteadifferentman DeepStructure Hewasamerechildwhenhelefthome andhebecamequiteadifferentmanwhenhereturned linkverb notionalverb 1 2BasicClauseTypes Intermsofthedifferentcombinationsofclauseelements EnglishclausescanbeclassifiedintoSEVENBASICTYPES SVC Subject Verb ComplementSV Subject VerbSVO Subject Verb ObjectSVoO Subject Verb object ObjectSVOC Subject Verb Object ComplementSVA Subject Verb AdverbialSVOA Subject Verb Object Adverbial 1 2 1Basicclausetypes 1 SVCpattern动词主要是表示属性的 表示度量衡的 themainverbThecarismine Sheisingoodhealth Mybrotherhasbecomeanengineer Theseflowerssmellfragrant Allthetouristsseemedpleased Thesesevencombinationsofclauseelementsarewhollyorlargelydeterminedbythemainverbintheclause linkingverb subjectcomplement SVC Theroomstrikeswetandcold 这房间又冷又潮 Twoandtwomakefour 二加二等于四 Shehaswornwell 她看上去很年轻 Theboxbrokeopen 盒子裂开了 Hisjokesfellflat 他的笑话没产生效果 Thepotatoeshaveburntblack 土豆烧焦了 SVC 表示度量衡的系动词有 come cost fall go last live march measure ride take travel wait work weigh 等 Hewalkedtendays 他步行了十天 Thetemperaturefellfourdegrees 温度下降了四度 Wehavewaitedtwentyminutes 我们已等了二十分钟 Thebookcoststendollars 这本书值十美元 2 SV SVApatternthemainverbEverybodylaughed Theguestshavearrived Pricesaregoingdown IliveinBeijing Thetrainleavesatsix HewillbeflyingtoShanghai SV obligatoryadverbial SVA intransitiveverb 3 SVO SVOAPattern themainverbIwantareturnticket Liverpoolwonthegame Nobodycouldanswerthequestion Thetrainisbuildingupspeed Theplaneislosingaltitude Iputthematerialevidenceinfrontofhim Hetreatedhervilely monotransitiveverb object SVO object obligatoryadverbial SVOA themainverbIsenthimatelegram Marylentmehercar Davidshowedmetheway Someoneleftyouthisnote Imademyselfacupoftea 4 SVoOPattern ditransitiveverb indirecto directO SVoO themainverbWemadehimourspokesman Theyelectedhimpresident Hepronouncedhimselfinfavoroftheplan Theypaintedthewallscreamywhite Thedirectorsappointedhimsalesmanager 5 SVOCPattern complextransitiveverb object objectcomplement SVOC Fishswim Heisrich ingoodhealth Thewindsearchedallthestreets Hehelpedwashthedishes Theyattemptedtoclimbthemountain Ienjoyedreadingnovels Hesaidthathewouldcome Theyaskedwhattheycoulddo Hegavemeabook HeinformedmethatIshouldattendthemeeting Theyaskedmewhattheyshoulddo Isawthemancrossthestreet Heaskedmetogowithhim Isawthemancrossingthestreet Hehadhishaircut Theyelectedhimpresident Wepaintedthedooryellow Ifoundhimingoodhealth LastweekIwenttothetheatre Ihadaverygoodseat Theplaywasveryinteresting Ididnotenjoyit Ayoungmanandayoungwomanweresittingbehindme Theyweretalkingloudly Igotveryangry Icouldnotheartheactors Iturnedround Ilookedatthemanandthewomanangrily Theydidnotpayanyattention Intheend Icouldnotbearit Iturnedroundagain Ican thearaword Isaidangrily It snoneofyourbusiness theyoungmansaidrudely Thisisaprivateconversation Whataresentencepatternsofthefollowingsentences Thesunkeepsuswarm Deepwaterstaysstill Theredsunrisesintheeast Iheardhimsinging Shemadeabeautifuldressforme Theyhaven tdecidedwheretogonext Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework Idon tknowifhecancometomorrow Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare 试指出划线部分所充当的句子成分 1 Moneyisnoteverything There sMastercard Visa 钞票不是万能的 有时还需要信用卡 2 Thereshouldbeabetterwaytostartadaythanwakingupeverymorning 应该有更好的方式开始新一天 而不是千篇一律的在每个上午都醒来 3 Totheworldyoumaybeoneperson buttoonepersonyoumaybetheworld 对于世界而言 你是一个人 但是对于某个人 你是他的整个世界 4 Innersunshinewarmsnotonlytheheartoftheowner butofallthatcomeincontactwithit 内心的欢乐不仅温暖了欢乐者自己的心 也温暖了所有与之接触者的心 5 Manycityresidentscomplainthatitissofewbusesintheircitythattheyhavetospendmuchmoretimewaitingforabus whichisusuallycrowdedwithalargenumberofpassengers 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少 以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车 而车上可能已满载乘客 1 2 2 Transformation basicclausetypesShegavehimsomemoney Shedidn tgivehimanymoney Didshegivehimanymoney Hewasgivensomemoney Somemoneywasgiventohim AffirmativeStatementsActivevoice NegativeQuestionPassivevoice transformations 1 2 2 Expansion Loudiisarelativelysmallcity Loudiisarelativelysmallcitywhichhaswitnessedaseriesofdramaticchangestheseyears LocatedinthecenterofHunanprovince Loudiisarelativelysmallcitywhichhaswitnessedaseriesofdramaticchangestheseyears LocatedinthecenterofHuNanprovince Loudiisarelativelysmallcitywhichhaswitnessedaseriesofdramaticchangestheseyears anditissuretobecomeaprosperouscityinthenearfuture addingmodifiers 3 Coordination 2 Sub