初中定语从句专项讲解与练习

1 定语从句 初中 在复合句中 修饰某一名词名词或代词代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词 定语从 句一般放在先行词的后面 二 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词 常见的关系代词关系代词包括 that which who 宾格 whom 所有格 whose 等 关系副词包括 where when why 等 关系代词和关系副词放在先 行词及定语从句之间起连接作用 同时又作定语从句的重要成分 三 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句 限制性 定语从句紧跟先行词 主句与从句不用逗号分开 从句不可省去 非限制性定语从句主句与从句 之间有逗号分开 起补充说明作用 如省去 意思仍完整 四 关系代词的用法 1 that 既可以用于指人 也可以用于指物 在从句中作主语或宾语 例如 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle that 作主语 The coat that I put on the desk is blue that 作宾语 2 which 用于指物 在句中作主语或宾语 例如 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket 作主语 The film which we saw last night was wonderful 作宾语 3 who whom 用于指人 who 用作主语 whom 用作宾语 在口语中 有时可用 who 代替 whom 例如 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England 作主语 Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to 作宾语 注意 1 当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时 who that which 可省略 但介词在关系代词前 时 只能用 介词 which whom 结构 此时关系代词不能用 that 代替 例如 This is the house which that we lived in last year 可省 This is the house in which we lived last year 不可省 关系代词不可用 that Please tell me whom that you borrowed the English novel from 可省 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel 不可省 关系代词不可用 that 2 关系词只能用 that 的情况 a 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 或本身是序数词 基数词 形容词最高级时 只能用 that 而不用 which 例如 He was the first person that passed the exam This is the most beautiful place that I have been to b 被修饰的先行词为 all any much many everything anything none the one 等不定代词时 只能用 that 而不用 which 例如 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop I didn t understand the words all that he said c 先行词被 the only the very the same the last little few no just 等词修饰时 只能用 that 而不用 which 例如 This is the same bike that I lost 这就是我丢的那辆自行车 d 先行词里同时含有人或物时 只能用 that 而不用 which 例如 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room e 以 who 或 which 引导的特殊疑问句 为避免重复 只能用 that 例如 Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁 f 主句是 there be 结构 修饰主语的定语从句用 that 而不用 which 例如 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom 桌子上那本书是汤姆的 3 关系词只能用 which 而不用 that 的情况 2 a 先行词为 that those 时 用 which 而不用 that 例如 What s that which is under the desk 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么 b 关系代词前有介词时 一般用 which 而不用 that 例如 同 1 This is the room in which he lives 这是他居住的房间 c 引导非限制性定语从句 用 which 而不用 that 例如 Tom came back which made us happy 汤姆回来了 这使我们很高兴 五 关系副词的用法 1 when 指时间 其先行词表示时间 在句中作时间状语 例如 This was the time when he arrived 这是他到达的时间 2 where 指地点 其先行词表示地点 在句中作地点状语 例如 This is place where he works 这是他工作的地点 3 why 指原因 其先行词是原因 起原因状语作用 例如 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到 注意 介词 which whom 结构有时可与其他关系代词或关系副词互相转换 That is the house where my father used to live That is the house which my mother used to live in That is the house in which my mother used to live 上句中 in which where 六 练习六 练习 一一 1 Did you find the notebook Jim had given me for my birthday A who B whom C which D whose 2 That s all I have seen and heard A which B that C where D what 3 Have you seen the man plan we were talking about yesterday A who them B its them C whose D whose them 4 The Oscar is one of the film prizes offered to any Chinese actor or actress so far A which are not B that have not been C that has not D that has not been 5 He never reads anything is not worth reading A that B as C who D which 6 The man coat is black is waiting at the gate A who s B whose C that D of which 7 cleans the classroom can go home first A Anyone B those who C However D The one who 8 The police caught the man stole my handbag A he B that C whom D which 9 The girl is reading under the tree my sister A which is B whom was C who is D who was 10 George Mallory was an English teacher loved climbing A who B whom C he D which 11 Don t talk about such things of you are not sure A which B what C as D Those 12 Is this the factory you visited the other day A that B where C in which D the one 13 Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday A that B where C which D the one 14 Is this the factory he worked ten years ago A that B where C which D the one 3 15 The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn t be found A that B where C in which D in that 16 Can you lend me the novel the other day A that you talked B you talked about it C which you talked with D you talked about 17 Is there anything to you A that is belonged B that belongs C that belong D which belongs 18 How do you like the book It s quite different from I read last month A that B which C the one D the one what 19 They were interested you told them A in which B in that C all that D in everything 20 Do you know the town at all No this is the first time I here A was B have been C came D am coming 初中英语定语从句练习题 二 初中英语定语从句练习题 二 1 I still remember the night I first came to the house 2 I ll never forget the day we met each other last week 3 Mr Black is going to Beijing in October is the best season there 4 I will never forget the days I spent with your family 5 I ll never forget the last day we spent together 6 This is the school I used to study 7 Do you still remember the place we visited last week 8 Do you still remember the place we visited the painting exhibition 9 Have you ever been to Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake 10 Have you ever bee to Hangzhou lies the West Lake 11 Tom will go to Shanghai live his two brothers 12 I live in Beijing is the capital of China 13 There was a time there were slaves in the USA 14 It is the third time you have made the same mistake 15 It was in the street I met John yesterday 16 It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made 17 The moment I saw