2010年河北中考英语试题及答案.doc

标准听力（一）听力原文及答案解析Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. W: I thought you were going to drive carefully so you wouldnt get a traffic ticket. M: I was, but it didnt work out that way. Q: What happened to the man on that day?【听前预测】选项中的He，traffic ticket， drove carelessly等表明，对话可能与He因粗心驾车而受罚有关。【解 析】选B。女士提到的drive carefully.wouldnt get a traffic ticket和男士提到的but it didnt work out that way表明，男士收到了罚单（get a traffic ticket），故答案为B。12. M: I dont think Jim particularly likes his cousin. What do you say? W: You are smart. There have been hard feelings between them for years, but no one knows the details. Q: What does the woman say about Jim and his cousin?【听前预测】选项中的The， misunderstanding，like/angry with each other等表明，本题涉及They之间的关系, 听音时留意They的指代对象。【解 析】选C。男士指出Jim不喜欢他的cousin，女士说There have been hard feelings between them for years，由此可知，他们（Jim和cousin）不和已很多年，选项中能概括这个含义的是C，故为答案。A中的four years是针对女士提到的for years所设的同音干扰。13. M: I cant find the kind of jogging shoes I want anywhere in the town. W: Why not order them from a catalog? Its easier than running around town looking for them. Q: What does the woman suggest that the man do?【听前预测】选项均以原形动词开头表明，本题考查观点建议。由Run，Jog， exercise等可知，对话与运动有关。【解 析】选C。男士提到自己买不到慢跑鞋，女士用反问语气提出建议Why not order them from a catalog? C是对女士的建议的同义转述，故为答案。catalog在对话中意为“网上商品目录”。14. W: Have you had a chance to wear your new shirt yet? You must look good in it. M: That reminds me. Ive been meaning to exchange it for a larger size. Q: What does the man imply about the shirt?【听前预测】选项中的shirt，doesnt fit him，try it on，style等表明，对话可能与男士试穿衣服有关。【解 析】选B。由女士提到的your new shirt和男士提到的exchange it for a larger size可知，这件新shirt有点小，不合适男士，答案为B。15. W: Are you going to the post office for stamps or to pick up a package? M: Neither, I left a letter for the postman to collect yesterday, but he forgot. And it has to be mailed today, so Id better hurry. Q: What will the man do?【听前预测】选项中的stamps，postman，Mail the letter，Deliver a package等表明，对话可能与寄信或包裹有关。【解 析】选C。由男士的话I left a letter for the postmanbut he forgot.it has to be mailed todayId better hurry可知， 因为邮差忘了拿信，男士要亲自去邮局寄信，故答案为C。16. W: Which of these sweaters do you like better? M: That is not an easy question for me to answer, since this one isnt my favorite color and the other one is too fancy for me. Q: What conclusion can be drawn from the mans answer?【听前预测】选项中的He likes/doesnt like以及重复出现的sweater表明，对话可能与男士喜不喜欢sweater有关。【解 析】选B。由男士提到的this one isnt my favorite color and the other one is too fancy for me可知，他两件衣服都不喜欢，故答案为B。17. W: Hi, George. Could you give me a ride? I want to buy some food for the picnic. M: OK. Im going home, but I can drop you at the supermarket. Q: What does the woman want to do?【听前预测】选项均以动词原形开头表明，本题考查建议或行为。根据A、D两项均出现picnic推测，谈话可能与野炊有关。【解 析】选A。由女士说的I want to buy some food for the picnic可知答案为A。give sb. a ride意为“让某人搭便车”。18. W: These tomatoes are huge! You must have watered them a lot! M: Yes, I did. They ought to be ripe enough to pick by the next Friday when we have our picnic. Q: Where did the conversation most probably take place?【听前预测】选项表明，本题考查地点场所，考生需要快速浏览选项，并在听音时捕捉关键信息对号入座。【解 析】选C。由女士提到的These tomatoes.watered them和男士提到的.ripe enough to pick by the next Friday when we have our picnic可推断出，对话可能发生在菜园，而不是在一次野餐上，故答案为C。Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation One【听前预测】选项中多次出现Newspaper以及circulation，advertisements，news section，read等表明，对话与报纸有关，涉及报纸的发行量、广告及读者的选择等。W: I often read two newspapers. Washington Post and The Sun. What about you?M: I will buy the newspaper whose headlines catch my eyes in the front page. Do you buy the two newspapers everyday?W: Yes, that way Im sure not to miss my favorite sections. Doesnt the size of the daily paper surprise you?M: Yes, it certainly does. The newspaper staff the reporters, writers, editors, and linotype operators must be busy continuously. They need a large circulation to support such a staff, dont they?W: Im sure they do. Of course, much of a newspapers income comes from advertisements.M: Thats true. You try to read the whole paper, dont you?W: No. I just read the parts that interest me. I glance at the headlines, but I read the sports page and the business section carefully. Do you read those?M: No, but I do read the editorials and the news section. You saw the article about the earthquake in Japan, didnt you?W: Yes. That was a terrible disaster. Do you think newspapers should print stories like that?M: Certainly they should! Theyre part of the news of the day and people want to know about them. Dont you agree?W: Yes, I suppose disasters are news, too. It seems to me that newspapers would be more pleasant to read if they had a large society section and more comic strips. Dont you like to read articles about celebrations and happy events?M: Yes, I enjoy reading them. But since you dont like to read unhappy news, why do you subscribe to two newspapers? If I were you, I wouldnt read a newspaper at all.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What sort of newspaper will the man buy?【解析】选B。由选项均为具有不同特点的报纸可知，本题考查报纸的类型。由男士提到的I will buy the newspaper whose headlines catch my eyes可知，他会选择有吸引人的标题的报纸，故答案为B。【点睛】whose headlines catch my eyes in the front page为定语从句，先行词为newspaper。20. What surprises the speakers?【解析】选A。选项中重复出现的daily newspaper以及size，staff，circulation等表明，本题可能考查日报某方面的特点。女士问道Doesnt the size of the daily paper surprise you，男士回答Yes, it certainly does，由此可知，使他们感到吃惊的是日报的size，故答案为A。【点睛】对话中也提到了日报的staff, circulation和advertisement，但均不是使人感到吃惊的内容，故排除其他三项。21. Which part of the newspaper does the woman usually read?【解析】选B。选项中的whole paper，parts that interest her，news section only等表明，本题可能考查女士对报纸内容的阅读喜好。由女士提到的I just read the parts that interest me可知，答案为B。22. Why doesnt the woman enjoy reading about disasters in the daily newspaper?【解析】选B。选项中的They，not news，arent pleasant，difficult to understand等表明，本题可能考查某人不喜欢阅读某类新闻的原因。对话中女士提到newspapers would be more pleasant to read if they had a large society section and more comic strips，根据男士提到的since you dont like to read unhappy news可知，女士不喜欢灾难新闻是因为它们读起来不愉快，故答案为B。Conversation Two【听前预测】选项中的school，university，course，projects，different countries等表明，对话可能与上大学有关。(Knock, knock)M: Come in.W: Good morning, Mr. Brown.M: Oh, come in, Mary. Ive been expecting you. Take a seat.W: Thanks.M: And what can I do for you?W: Well, I was thinking about taking a year off after we finish school this summer, and I wanted some advice.M: I see. You mean putting off going to university for a year?W: Thats right. Ive been offered a place at London University, but what Id really like to do is take a year out first do something different, maybe go abroad.M: So were you thinking of getting some sort of job, or traveling around? I mean, is your main aim to earn some money, or to do something else? Or do you want to do a bit of both?W: Id really like to travel but I dont have any money. But Ive heard of an organization called Peterson International and thats what I want to ask you about. Do you know anything about it?M: Sure. Its a charity and its aimed very much at young people like you, and what they do is to get teams of young people to work together on various projects all over the world environment projects, community projects, that sort of thing.W: Mum, it sounds great. Is it just English people on the projects?M: No, theyre international teams. Youd be working with quite a variety of people.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. When does Mary want to take a year off?【解析】选D。选项中的Before/ After/ During/Between等表明，本题考查时间，问题以When开头。对话中女士提到I was thinking about taking a year off after we finish school this summer，男士问You mean putting off going to university for a year，女士的肯定回答Thats right表明，女士想请假一年，推迟一年进入大学，故答案为D。【点睛】D在对话中没有直接体现，而是根据双方就请假一事的讨论推断出来的。24. What project does Peterson International carry out?【解析】选B。选项中重复出现的projects表明，本题与某种项目有关。对话双方在谈论Peterson International 时，男士提到Its a charityand what they do is to getpeople to work together on various projects all over the world environment projects, community projects, that sort of thing，由此可知，此项目是关注环境和社会，故答案为B。【点睛】在and what they do is to get terms of young people to中，what引导主语从句，在从句中作do的宾语，is后的to是动词不定式作表语。25. Where do the people in the Peterson International teams come from?【解析】选C。由男士提到的theyre international teams可知，Peterson International的成员来自不同的国家，故答案为C。Section BPassage One【听前预测】选项中的hunting，hunters，animals，hunt for food/money等表明，短文可能与捕猎有关，涉及捕猎的原因等。The days of the hunter are almost over in India. This is partly because there is practically nothing left to kill, and partly because some steps have been taken, mainly by banning tiger-shooting, to protect those animals which still survive.Some people say that Man is a natural hunter. I disagree with this view. Surely our earliest forefathers, who at first possessed no weapons, spent their time digging for roots, and were no doubt themselves often hunted by meat-eating animals.I believe the main reason why the modern hunter kills is that he thinks people will admire his courage in overpowering dangerous animals. Of course, there are some who truly believe that the killing is not really the important thing, and that the chief pleasure lies in the joy of the hunt and the beauties of the wild countryside. There are also those for whom hunting in fact offers a chance to prove themselves and to risk death by design; these men go out after dangerous animals like tigers, even if they say they only do it to rid the countryside of a threat. I can respect reasons like these, but they are clearly different from the need to strengthen your high opinion of yourself.The greatest big-game hunters expressed in their writings something of these finer motives. One of them wrote “You must properly respect what you are after and shoot it cleanly and on the animals own territory. You must fix forever in your mind all the wonders of that particular day. It is better than letting him grow a few years older to be attacked and wounded by his own son and eventually eaten, half-alive, by other animals. Hunting is not a cruel and senseless killing not if you respect the thing you kill, not if you kill to enrich your memories, not if you kill to feed your people.”I can understand such beliefs, and can compare these hunters with those who hunted lions with spears and bravely caught them by the tail. But this is very different from many tiger-shoots I have seen, in which modern weapons were used. The so-called hunters fired from tall trees or from the backs of trained elephants. Such methods made tigers seem no more dangerous than rabbits.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. Why is there no more hunting in India now?【解析】选D。选项中的Partly because及选项内容表明，本题考查猎人不再捕猎的原因之一。短文开头提到The days of the hunter are almost over in India，接着给出两方面原因：partly because there is practically nothing left to kill, and partly because some steps have been takento protect those animals，D中的few animals left to hunt与practically nothing left to kill对应，故答案为D。【点睛】C中的原因状语从句的主语是hunters，与短文中的banning不符，是干扰项。27. What is the main purpose of modern hunters killing?【解析】选B。选项均以To + do开头表明，本题考查行为目的。短文中提到the main reason why the modern hunter kills is thatpeople will admire his courage in overpowering dangerous animals，即现代人猎杀动物的原因是想通过征服危险的动物得到人们的赞赏，故答案为B。【点睛】短文中的that he thinks people will admire his courage是表语从句。28. What do we learn about the big-game hunters?【解析】选A。短文中间引用大型动物猎杀者在他们的日记中写的话，理解了其中提到的Hunting is not a cruel and senseless killingnot if you kill to feed your people即可选出答案A。【点睛】本题考查对not if“如果就不”的理解。29. What is the speakers view on the tiger-shoots he has seen?【解析】选C。选项均以Modern hunters开头表明，本题与现代猎人有关。短文最后将过去用长矛猎杀狮子的人和现在拿着现代枪械站在树上猎杀狮子的人进行比较，指出后者并非真有勇气与大型动物面对面地较量，故答案为C。【点睛】But转折处为常考点，其后的内容通常为句子真实含义和答案所在。Passage Two【听前预测】预览三道题各选项，结合30题、31题各选项和32题中反复出现的exercise可推知，短文应与饮食和锻炼有关。Diet, diet, diet! It gets to be a constant battle for many of us to stay fit and healthy. But diets dont always allow us to learn new eating habits, improve our self-image, or make lifestyle changes. Developing good eating habits and proper exercise is a permanent issue. And its the main topic of this workshop.In order to keep a healthy diet and minimize the risk of disease, its essential to eat a diet that consists of low-fat foods and to maximize energy with carbohydrates. Beef, nuts, oils, and most dairy products are rich in fat, so you should eat less of those; while pastry, rice, potatoes, and bread contain almost no fat and are a high-energy source of complex carbohydrates. You know that many food manufactures use sugar to make low-fat or fat-free foods taste good, but dont worry too much about that. You dont necessarily “get fat” by eating sugar, since sugar is an indirect fat.When you exercise, carbohydrates are the first calories to burn. If you want to burn off fat, its good to do some sort of aerobic exercise such as biking, swimming, running, or fast walking. But you have to keep doing this exercise for at least twenty minutes because it takes about that long before we start to burn fat. And then the effect of burning fat decreases after 45 minutes of exercise. So if you do some sort of aerobic exercise for three to four days a week for about thirty to forty minutes, youll have an affective schedule for reducing weight.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. According to the speaker, which should you eat more?【解析】选B。选项均为食品名称，故听音时应留意文中有关这几种食品的描述。短文中先提到its essential to eat a diet that consists of low-fat foods and to maximize energy with carbohydrates，然后具体举例说明哪些是富含脂肪，哪些是含高能量的碳水化合物。很容易听出，Potatoes是属于后者，所以应该多吃，故答案为B。31. What does the speaker say is burned at the beginning of exercise?【解析】选A。由短文中提到的When you exercise, carbohydrates are the first calories to burn可知，碳水化合物最早燃烧，故答案为A。32. According to the speaker, what is the most effective exercise time schedule for reducing weight?【解析】选D。选项中的时间、频率以及重复出现的exercise表明，本题与体育锻炼的时间有关。由短文中提到的for three to four days a week for about thirty to forty minutesan affective schedule for reducing weight可知，答案为D。【点睛】短文中提到了doing this exercise for at least twenty minutes以及45 minutes of exercise，但这两个时间段并不是the most effective exercise time schedule，短文最后提到的内容才是本题答案出处。Passage Three【听前预测】选项中dive，boats，water turns gray，Life on earth improves等表明， 短文可能与地球上的水环境有关。From the earliest times, the sea has been a place of secrets a place of mysteries hidden from us by thousands of kilograms of water. The early Greeks sailed the oceans. They wrote about the seas. But since they could not dive deep into the waters, they could not lay bare these secrets and so the secrets remained. But today we have more ways to study the sea than did the early Greeks. Scientists are learning about life in the sea, and how it may improve life on land. The study of sea plants and sea animals may help us learn new ways of getting food. Scientists are searching the ocean floor for oil and gas, to keep our world running smoothly. And they are also learning how not to pollute the oceans. For if the sea dies, so does life on earth. The sea may even become our home some day. People are studying ways to build cities on the ocean, and make more room to live in an overcrowded world.Modern study was done, at first, by divers. But it was too dangerous for divers to keep diving and coming to the surface. So now, laboratories on the ocean floor are the homes for divers for months on end. Divers can work outside in the water and return to the laboratory to eat and sleep.Little by little, we are solving the mysteries of the deep. Little by little, the sea is showing us how we can live a better life on land.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. Who wrote about the seas in early times?【解析】选B。选项表明，本题考查人物身份。短文中提到The early Greeks sailed the oceans. They wrote about the seas，由此可知，古希腊人航海并记录关于海洋的事情，故答案为B。34. What kept early people from understanding the sea?【解析】选C。短文中用转折表述提到But since they could not dive deep into the waters, they could not lay bare these secrets and so the secrets remained，由此可知，早期的人类无法揭开海洋的奥秘是因为他们无法潜入深水，故答案为C。【点睛】But转折处为常考点，其后的内容通常为答案所在。lay bare意为“暴露，揭发，公开”。35. What happens if the sea dies?【解析】选D。由短文中提到的if the sea dies, so does life on earth 可知，如果海水死亡了，地球上的生命也将随之灭亡，故答案为D。Section C36.【解析】recently。空所在句的句子结构完整，不缺少主要成分，故本空应填一副词。fairly在此是副词，意为“相当地”。37.【解析】decide。空前的be able to表明，本空应填一原形动词。be able to do sth.是固定短语，意为“能够做某事”。38.【解析】awareness。空前的不定冠词a和形容词growing表明，本空应填一单数名词，且该词能与空后的of连用。awareness意为“意识”。39.【解析】rising。空前的不定冠词a和空后的名词短语world population表明，本空应填一形容词或具有形容词词性的分词。首段未句中的increasing对本空有提示作用。40.【解析】improved。上文提到全球人口不断增长，本句旨在讨论其原因，结合空后的名词短语medical skills推测，本空很可能需填一含有积极意义的形容词。41.【解析】lowered。空后的andraised表明，空前have为助动词，本空应填一过去分词，再根据后面的raised the birth rate可知，本空应填一与raised意义相反的动词。42.【解析】survive。who (42) _early childhood是定语从句修饰babies，该定语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据raised the birth rate by increasingthe number of babies可推知，所填动词可能有“幸存”的含义。43.【解析】realization。空前的不定冠词a和形容词growing表明，本空应填一单数名词。realization意为“领悟”。44.【答案】thus leaving even less for the people in the underdeveloped areas to survive on【Main Points】thus leaving even less for the people in the poor areas to survive on45.【答案】There are striking regional differences in the population growth trends【Main Points】There are big regional differences in the population growth trends46.【答案】which at present contains about three-fifths of the people in the world【Main Poi