2017-2018学年高中英语 unit 3 life in the future section ⅱ learning about language课件 新人教版必修5

Unit 3,Section Learning about Language,课前新知预习,.短语互译1._ 按下2._ 加速3search for _4be lacking in_,press down,speed up,寻找,缺乏,.语法运用选出下列过去分词短语在句子中所充当的状语的种类。A原因状语B让步状语C条件状语D结果状语E时间状语1Told that his mother was ill, Li Lin hurried home quickly.2Broken down on the highway, his car was carried away by the police.3Given a few minutes, I will finish the work.4Explained a hundred times, he still can not understand it.5He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken.1._2._3._4._5._,E,A,C,B,D,.用所给动词的正确形式完成句子1Children，when _ (accompany)by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.2Clearly and thoughtfully _ (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.3Misunderstandings _ (result)from lack of social communication，unless _ (deal)with properly，may lead to serious problems.4Unless _ (invite)to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.5._ (give)time，hell make a firstclass tennis player.,accompanied,written,resulting,dealt,invited,Given,课堂要点探究,(1)sb.(about/of sth.)|sb. to do sth.|sb. that.提醒Please remind me again nearer to the time of the interview.到快面试时请再提醒我一下。In case I forget, please remind me about it.我要是忘了，请提醒我。Remind me to answer that letter.提醒我回复那封信。,重 点 词 汇,1remind v.,I reminded her how much the fare was.我提醒她车票的价钱。(2)sb. of sb./sth.使想起(类似的人、地方、事物等)He reminds me of his brother.我见到他便想起了他的哥哥。This song reminds me of France.我一听到这首歌就想起了法国。,remind, memorize, remember这些动词均有“记忆，记住，回忆”之意。,If I remember correctly, your brother went to Canada ten years ago.如果我记得不错的话，你兄弟十年前就到加拿大去了。The story reminds me of an experience I once had.这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。If you memorize a poem, you can say it without looking at a book.你若记住一首诗，不看书就能脱口而出。,用恰当词语或形式填空(1)_ (remind) not to miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.解析：remind意为“提醒”。句意：在有人提醒不要耽误了1520的航班后，经理匆忙出发去机场了。主语the manager与动词remind为动宾关系，所以用过去分词，表被动。(2)Mary, I reminded John _ his promise to help you.解析：考查动词辨析。remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事”。根据句意填of。,Reminded,of,(1)(to do sth.)迅速发生的，马上做出的，迅速的Theyve been very swift to deny these rumors.他们在辟谣方面反应迅速。(2)速度快的；敏捷的，矫健的The river is too swift to swim.这河的水流太急，不能游泳。,2swift adj.,swiftly adv. 飞快地，迅速地，敏捷地,He walked swiftly towards home down the dark street.他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去。Nobody can bring us swiftly, painlessly into the promised land.无人能够把我们迅速地、毫无痛苦地带进理想之园。,完成句子我们应该迅速作出决定。We should make _.,a swift decision,(1)v.(尤指人的身体或头部)(使)倾斜，偏向She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor.她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。(使四肢等)弯曲Touch your toes without bending your knees.用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。,3bend,把弄弯(或折起)Its hard to bend an iron bar.把铁棒弄弯很不容易。(使)拐弯，弯曲The road bends to the right after a few yards.这条路在几码远的地方转向右方。(2)n. C(尤指道路或河流的)拐弯，弯道I cant see if there is a car coming because there is a bend in the road.我看不见是否有小汽车开过来，因为路上有个拐弯。There is a sharp bend in the road here.这段路上有一处急转弯。,bend ones mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事，专心致志于某事bend sb. to sth.迫使，说服,He couldnt bend his mind to his studies.他不能专心学习。She tried to bend her husband to her wishes.她设法使丈夫顺从她的愿望。,用恰当形式填空Can you bend down and touch your toes without _ (bend) your knees?,bending,One person can live on a desert island without being disturbed.一个人生活在荒岛上就不会被打扰。,4desert adj.沙漠的，荒凉的,desert vt.抛弃；遗弃n沙漠，荒漠,Helen was deserted by her husband.海伦被她丈夫抛弃了。Few kinds of plants grow in the desert.仅有几种植物在沙漠上生长。,(1)补全句子这个党的很多传统支持者在上一次选举中抛弃了它。Many of the partys traditional voters _.(2)用适当形式填空A farmer family in Dong Yang were astonished by the astonishing fact that a boy baby _ (desert)on the road to their fields.解析：句意：一个男婴被遗弃在东阳一农户家到田地的路上，这个令人震惊的事实让这家人感到很谅讶。根据句意可知“遗弃”的动作发生在过去，并且应该用被动语态。,deserted it at the last election,was deserted,They have speeded up production.他们加快了生产速度。A technique uses two or more input or output units in an attempt to speed up input and output operations.为加速输入输出操作，采用了两个或多个输入输出部件的技术。,重 点 短 语,1speed up(使)加速,(1)常与speed搭配的短语：at a speed of. 以的速度at speed 疾驶reduce speed 减速pick up/gather speed 加速with all speed 全速at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速(2)speed up反义短语为slow down,(1)补全句子他们正在加宽桥梁以加快车流速度。They are broadening the bridge _ the flow of traffic.(2)用恰当介词填空The speed _ which light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe.解析：句意：据说光的传播速度是宇宙中最快的。考查介词。at high/low speed以高速/低速，由此可知speed与介词at搭配。本句中speed为先行词，后接定语从句，which代指speed，故填介词at。,to speed up,at,(1)精心挑选She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.从数千人中挑选出她来做这份工作。We had a lot of fun picking out a present for Mary.我们觉得为玛丽选礼物很有趣。(2)认出来，辨别出It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.那小舍坐落在山边，隐约可见。She was able to pick out her attacker from these people.她能够从这些人中辨认出袭击她的人。,2pick out,pick over用心挑选；筛选pick off去除，剪除,He picked over the tomatoes, looking for the ripest ones.他把西红柿拿起来仔细看，要挑选最熟的。Pick over the beans carefully in case there are any stones among them.把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。Dont pick off any of these flowers.这些花一朵也不要采摘。,(1)补全句子电影院里太黑我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。It was so dark in the cinema _ my friend.(2)用恰当的介副词填空The child was so unique. Though he was lost in the crowd, I easily picked him _.,that I could hardly pick out,out,课标语法解读,过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”，即“被动关系”。过去分词短语作条件、原因以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。,过去分词作状语,.过去分词作状语时的功能1)原因状语Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didnt dare sleep in her room.被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。 2)时间状语Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless.在黑暗中走进时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。,3)条件状语和假设状语Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。 Given better attention, the accident could have beenavoided.要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。4)方式状语或伴随状语Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。He stood there silently, moved to tears.他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。,5)让步状语Beaten by the police, sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance.尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。 Defeated again, he did not lose heart.尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。6)独立成分(插入语)Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening.假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。Put frankly, I dont agree with what he said.坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。,.与状语从句的转换1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2)作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。Given more time, she would certainly have done much better.If she had been given more time, she would certainly have done much better.如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。,3)作原因状语，可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句。The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once.由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。 4)作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。,5)作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。6)作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter.吴大娘走进来，(她)后面跟着她的女儿。,1)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“逻辑”方面的差异：现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语最主要的区别在于两者与所修饰的主语是主动还是被动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。,2)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“时间”方面的差异：过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动”动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，使句式更简洁。Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。,Reading carefully, he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。 Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made.进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。,3)部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 Faced with