人教版初一英语上册第四到九单元

初一下册第四五六七八九单元Unit 4 Wheres my schoolbag?单词：table, bed, bookcase, sofa, chair, schoolbag, book, key, hat, everywhere, know,1. 谈论物品的位置 Wheres + 单数物品？ Where are + 复数物品？Its + 介词短语. Theyre + 介词短语. 1) Wheres the baseball? Its in the schoolbag. 棒球在哪？在书包里。 2) Wheres my computer game? Its under the bed.我的电子游戏机在哪？在床下面。 3) Where are your books? Theyre on the chair.你的书在哪？在椅子上。 名词前已有作定语的this, that, my, your, some, any, each, every等代词，则不用冠词。2. 表位置的介词 on 在上（两者相接触） in 在里 under在下面（正下方）3. Come on, Jack! 快点儿，杰克！= Hurry (up), Jack!4. Ginas books are everywhere.吉娜的书到处都是。5. take sb/sth to + 地点：把某人/某物带到某地。take sth to sb 把某物带给某人 bring“带来，拿来”表示从远处带到近处，从别的地方带到说话者的地方。take “带走，拿走”表示从近处带到远处，从说话者的地方带到别的地方。6. some和any（一些） 1) some一般用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句 2) 在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中，用some而不用any。7. on the wall与in the wall（在墙上） 图画、黑板、风筝等“在墙上”，是因为它们在墙的表面，故用on the wall。 门窗、钉子、洞、孔等“在墙上”，是因为它们在墙的里面，故用in the wall。8.名词所有格 在英语中，当我们表达“我的”“你的”“他的”时，用代词my, your, his等。如果要表示“某个（些）人的”时，可以在某个（些）人后加s来表示所有关系，这种形式我们称为所有格。如Mike的父亲：Mikes father, 我妈妈的名字：my mothers name 构成：1)单数名词加s. 2)以s结尾的复数名词加读音不变。如the teachers room(老师们的房间) 表共同所有，在最后一个名词后加“s”。 Jim and Toms mother 吉姆和汤姆的母亲（共同所有） 表各自所有，在每个名词后加“s”Jims room and Toms room are both big. 吉姆的房间和汤姆的房间都很大。（各自所有）Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?单词：tennis ball, ping-pang bat, soccer ball, volleyball, basketball, baseball bat, difficult, relaxing, fun, sound,easy1. Do you have? Yes, I do. No, I dont. 你有吗？ 是的，我有。 不，我没有。Do they have? Yes, they do. No, they dont.Does he have? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Does she have? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.在一般现在时中，句子的谓语动词若是实义动词，常借助助动词do或does来构成否定句或疑问句。Does用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中，其他情况用do。2. do/does 1）作助动词，帮助构成一般现在时的否定句或疑问句，无意义。 Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗？ I dont know. 我不知道。 2) 作实义动词，“做，干”。 I do my homework every day. 我每天都做家庭作业。 3) 在一般现在时中，do/does 可用来替代上文出现过的动词，以避免重复。 Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗？Yes, I do. 是的，我有。（do 代have）3. Lets do sth. “（让）我们做某事吧。”表示建议。(lets = let us) 肯定回答一般用That sounds good.（那听起来很好）/OK.好的 / All right.好的 / Great.好极了/ Good idea. 好主意 否定回答一般用sorry, I4. let sb. do sth. 让某人作某事5. Were late! 我们迟到了！be late for. 迟到 Dont be late for school.不要上学迟到。6. play + 球类名词：打/踢球（注意：球类运动不用冠词） play ping-pong/basketball/volleyball/tennis/soccer7. sound 1)连系动词，“听起来”，后接形容词作表语。 That story sounds very interesting.那故事听起来很有趣。 2)名词“声音”（泛指自然界中的各种声音）。 The sound is too loud.声音太大了。8. We play it at school with our friends.我们和我们的朋友在学校踢。 1）at school 在学校 2）with “和；与；跟在一起”9. Its easy for me.这对我来说挺容易的。 for的用法 1）供用，给的 Is this apple for me? 这个苹果是给我的吗？ Here is a letter for your mother. 这儿有你妈妈的一封信。 2）就而言，对于来说 For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad. 午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。 For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。10.on TV/on the radio/on the computer/on the phone 在电视上/在收音机上/在电脑上/在电上电子产品上用介词on。11.every day 每天 She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。 everyday日常的 everyday English 日常英语12.after class 下课后 after school 放学后13. 辨析interesting与interested 1) interesting可作表语，指某人/事/物本身有趣；也可作定语修饰人或物 2) interested用于be/get/become interested in(对感兴趣)这一结构中。 He is interested in playing football.他对踢足球感兴趣。14.一般现在时 一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12. She is at home. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English. 1)动词be 肯定式否定式I am You areHe/She/It isWe/You/They areI am notYou are notHe/She/It is notWe/You/They are not疑问式和简略答语Am I? Yes, you are. No, you are not.Are we? Yes, we/you are. No, we/you are notAre you?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Are you?Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she/it? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it is not.Are they? Yes, they are. No, they are not. 2)动词do 肯定式否定式I likeYou likeHe/She/It likesWe/You/They likeI do not (dont) likeYou do not (dont) likeHe/She/It does not (doesnt) likesWe/You/They do not (dont) like疑问式和简略答语Do I like oranges? Yes, you do. No, you do not(dont)Do we like oranges? Yes, we/you do. No, we/you do not(dont)Do you like oranges? Yes, I do.No, I do not(dont)Do you like oranges? Yes, we do.No, we do not(dont)Does he/she/it like oranges? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it does not.Do they like oranges? Yes, they do.No, they do not(dont) 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词形式有以下几种变化：规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般动词在词尾加-s,在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音或元音后读/z/，在t后读/ts/，在d后读/dz/。helplikeswimlistenknowplaygetfindhelps /helps/likes /laiks/swims /swimz/listens /lisnz/knows /nz/plays /pleiz/gets /gets/finds /faindz/以字母s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词加-es, 读/iz/。如果动词原形词尾已有e，则加s。以o结尾的动词也加-es，读/z/。teachgoteachesgoes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先边y为i，再加-es，读/z/。studystudiesUnit 6 Do you like bananas?单词：hamburger, tomato, orange, ice-cream, salad, banana, strawberry, pear, milk, bread, birthday, dinner, week, food, sure, vegetable, habit, healthy, fat1. like 喜欢 1）like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物 2) like to do sth.喜欢/想要做某事（表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作） 3) like doing sth喜欢做某事（表习惯性的动作或爱好） 2. Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗。 可数名词可用复数表示一类人或事物3. 名词的分类 1）名词分为“专有名词”和“普通名词”两大类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称，如：Gina, China。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 2）普通名词又可分为下面四类：个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体。如pen, student, apple。集体名词：表示若干个体组成的集合体。如family, class。物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如water, broccoli等。抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、情感等。如work, happiness等。个体名词和集体名词都是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词都是不可数名词。 3）有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，但意义不同，要注意区分。glass C. 杯子 U 玻璃 orange C 橘子 U. 橘汁还有表示动物类的名词，表示动物时是可数名词，作为菜肴时是不可数名词。 chicken C 小鸡 U 鸡肉 fish C.鱼 U. 鱼肉salad, ice cream, food, fruit 作总称讲是不可数名词，作种类讲是可数名词 She likes hamburgers, salad and apples. a salad of tomato4. 许多1) lots of = a lot of 修饰可数或不可数名词。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water2）many修饰可数名词 many boys many bananas3）much修饰不可数名词 much water much broccoli5. ask sb about sth .询问某人关于某事 He asked me about the meeting.他问我关于运动会的一些情况。6. I dont want to be fat. 我不想变胖。 want to be “想要成为；想要变得”，动词be后接形容词或名词。 Unit 7 How much are these socks?单词：socks, T-shirt, shorts, sweater, bag, hat, trouser, shoe, jacket, skirt, much, clothes, store, price, a pair of 1. 询问价格 1） How much is +单数商品？ How much are + 复数商品？ Its + 钱 Theyre + 钱 2） Whats the price of + 商品？ Its + 钱 2. how many/how much 询问数量how many + 可数名词，how much + 不可数名词3. socks袜子, shoes鞋, shorts裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品，一般以复数形式出现，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of （一双、一副或一对）连用作主语时，谓语动词要与pair在数上一致。4. 英美等西方国家的货币单位像dollar（美元）、cent（美分）、pound（英镑）、penny（便士）等有单复数变化。我国的货币单位元（yuan）、角（jiao）、分（fen）单复数一样。 表示货币等度量衡单位的词在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 5. Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？ 此句是主动提供帮助时的服务用语。它的翻译随着场所的不同而不同。在饭店：你想吃点什么？在商店：你想买点什么？ 肯定回答：Yes, please. 否定回答：No, thanks. ()与Can I help you?同义的常用表达还有：What can I do for you?/ May I help you?/Is there anything I can do for you?6. want sth 想要某物 want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 7. It looks nice.它看起来很漂亮。Look“看起来；看上去”，连系动词，后接形容词作表语。8. Ill take it.我买了。9.表感谢的用语：Thank you / Thank you very much / Thanks / Thanks a lot / Many thanks.回答感谢的用语：Thats all right / Thats OK. Not at all. Youre welcome.10. on sale 出售；廉价出售 for sale待售 11.We sell all our clothes at very good prices.我们卖的所有服装价格都很优惠。 at very good prices 以合理/优惠的价格12.for的用法 1）供用，给的 Is this apple for me?这个苹果是给我的吗？ Here is a letter for your mother. 这儿有你妈妈的一封信。 2）就而言，对于来说 For lunch, I like hamburgers and salad. 午饭我喜欢汉堡和沙拉。 For girls, we have T-shirts in all colors.女孩子们可以买到各种颜色的T恤衫。13. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物 buy my mother a sweater = buy a sweater for my mother给我妈妈买了件毛衣 sth若是代词，只能用buy sth. for sb. buy it for him14. have a look at = look at看一看Unit 8 When is your birthday?1. months: 月份： January 一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月2. 基数词变序数词口诀： 基变序，有规律，词尾大多加上th。 一、二、三，特殊记，first, second, third; 八去t，九去e，ve要用f替 （eighteighth, nineninth, fivefifth, twelvetwelfth） 遇到整十来结尾，一定将y变ie再加th; (twentytwentieth, thirtythirtieth) 若是碰上几十几，只变个位就可以 (twenty-one-twenty-first, thirty-fourthirty-fourth)3. date of birth（出生日期）= birthday4. Happy birthday! 生日快乐！5. When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候？=Whats the date of your birth?6. at / on / in 表时间“在” 1）at 通常表在某个点时间。at 8:00 在8:00 at 9:25 在9:25 2) on通常表在某一天或某一天的上/下午、晚上。on September 1st 在9月1日 on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的上午 3）in表在某一周/月/季节/年/世纪等。in 1979 在1979年 in September 在9月份 in spring在春天 表时间at on in4) 固定词组 at dawn在黎明at noon在中午 at night在晚上 at sunrise在黎明/日出时at Christmas在圣诞节 at lunch time在吃中饭时 at this / that time在这/那时 at the age of 20在20岁时 on weekend(s)在周末 in the morning / afternoon / evening在上午/下午/晚上7. have a good time = enjoy oneself（oneself要随主语的变化而变化） = have fun They are having a good time. = They are enjoying themselves.= They are having fun. 他们正玩得高兴。Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.单词：P.E.，art, science, music, math, Chinese, geography, history, subject, free, cool, lesson, hour, useful1. Whats your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么？=What subject do you like best? My favorite subject is math. 我最喜欢的学科是数学。= I like math best. 1)Whats your favorite? = Whatdo you like best? My favorite is . =I like best.2) favorite前一定要用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格一起来修饰后面的名词。不可根据汉语意思而用人称代词如I, He 等。Whats Ginas favorite subject? Gina最喜欢的学科是什么？ Her favorite subject is math. 她最喜欢的学科是数学。 3）favorite(美)亦可拼为favourite(英) 4）favorite n. 最喜欢的人或物（复数形式是favorites） These clothes are my favorites.这些衣服是我最喜欢的。 Which color is your favorite? 哪种颜色是你最喜爱的？2. Why do you like math? 你为什么喜欢数学？ Because its interesting. 因为它很有趣。3. Hows your day? 今天过得如何？ Its OK.还行。 Great! 棒极了！4. have + 学科：上某一学科的课。 have English 上英语课 have a class / lesson 上课 have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭 have a soccer game 举行足球比赛5. Thats for sure.的确如此。6. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于做某事7. interesting / funny Interesting“有意思的；有吸引力的”，指引起理性的或智慧的兴趣。Funny“逗乐的；有趣的；使人快乐的”，强调“滑稽可笑的” 8. from to “从到”，用来表述时间、地点等范围。 from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五 from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到上海9. for + 一段时间：表（某个动作）持续了多长时间。 I played with him for two hours. 我和他玩了两个小时。练习 一、单项选择（ ）1.I am good atpictures. Id likean art teacher.A. draw， to be B .draw ，being C drawing ，to be D drawing ，being（ ）2.There isdesk in the room.old book is on it.A. a， A B. a， An C. An，a D. an，A（ ）3. your father usually come home after work?.At about 6:30.A. How is B. How does C. When does D. When is（ ）4.My mother usuallyat 6:00a.m in the morning.A. gets up B. get up C. get to D. gets to（ ）5.My parentsto go out at night.A. not want B. not wants C. doesnt want D. dont want（ ）6.do you play computer games?. Once a weekA. How B. How often C. How old D. How many（ ）7.Tomgoes to school by bus because his school is very close to his home.A. always B. seldom C. often D. sometimes（ ）8.My brother enjoysbasketball and he lovesguitar，too.A. playing，playing the B. playing，play theC. to play，playing D. playing the，playing（ ）9your sistersports ?No，sheA. Do，like，dont B. Does，likes，doesntC. Does，like，doesnt D. Do，like，do（ ）10.he doesnt have breakfast，he feels hungry.A. Because，so B./，so C. /，because D. So，/二、语法选择X Kb 1.C oMy English teacher， Miss Smith is26exciting teacher. Everyone likes 27very much. She works very hard,28she is often very tired. Her home is about 10 kilometers29school. She gets up30six oclock every day, and has a quick31.Then she32school. First, she walks to the bus station. It takes about ten minutes.33the early bus takes her to school. The bus usually takes about 25 minutes. How long does it34her to school? Do you know?35Minutes.( )26. A a B the C an D/( )27. A she B her C hers D him( )28. A and B but C so D for( )29. A on B in C for D from( )30. A at B on C in D of( )31. A lunch B breakfast C supper D dinner( )32. A goes B go C goes to D go to( )33. A First B Then C Last D Than( )34. A take B takes C taking D is taking( )35. A twenty-five B Ten C Thirty-five D Forty-five三、完形填空Jim comes from America. Now he studies in No.5 Middle School in Beijing every morning he 36No. 21 bus to school .He has four classes in the morning and two in the 37. He speaks English very well .He o