综合英语4Lesson2解析.ppt

LessonTwo WordStudy PhrasesandExpressions WordBuilding Grammar LanguageStudy Contents WordStudy Wordlist aggressionallotascendchilleccentric6 inquire 7 mess8 moisten9 oblige10 shriek11 tense12 vicious WordStudy 1 aggression n a theactofinitiatinghostilitiesorinvasionb thepracticeorhabitoflaunchingattacksExamples Thestatementcondemnedthecountry sbrutalaggressionagainstitsneighbor Boysusuallyexpresstheiraggressionbyhittingeachother sofartheyhadshowednoaggressiontowardshim physical verbalaggression人身侵犯 口头侵犯 Wordformations Tobecontinuedonthenextpage Examples Baileybecameincreasinglyaggressiveinhisquestioningofthewitness 越来越咄咄逼人Today sexecutivesarehungry competitive andaggressive 雄心勃勃 竞争意识强 有进取精神anaggressivetumor迅速蔓延的肿瘤 a aggressive WordStudy a inclinedtobehaveinahostilefashionb assertive bold andenterprisingc fastgrowing tendingtospreadquickly WordStudy 2 allot v a toparcelout todistributeorapportionb toassignasaportion toallocateExamples Theyallottedaparking spacetoeachemployee Canwedotheworkwithinthetimetheyhaveallottedtous allocaterationsforaweek longcampingtripapportionthemoneyfairly Synonyms allocateapportionassign Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy assign allot apportion allocateTheseverbsmeantosetasideorgiveoutinportionsorshares assign allotrefertoarbitrarydistribution butneitherimpliesequalityorfairnessofdivision Examples Thehardestworkwasassignedtothestrongestlaborers Weallotahalfhouradayforrecreation Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy apportionistodivideaccordingtoprescribedrulesandimpliesfairdistributionallocateusuallymeanstosetsomethingapartfromalargerquantity asofmoney foraspecificpurposeorforaparticularpersonorgroup Examples Thefirstdutyofalegislatoristoapportionpenalties 立法者的第一项任务就是分配刑罚 Aportionofthebudgetwasallocatedfortheeducationofeachstudent WordStudy v a togoormoveupward toriseb toslopeupward tomoveupwarduponoralong toclimbc tosucceedto tooccupy 3 ascend n ascentscendancyascendant Wordformations Antonyms descenddescent Examples ThestairsintheFive Starhotelascendinagracefulcurve Theybeganslowlyascendingtherockface Theemperorascendedthekingdomwhenhewasonlyfive WordStudy n a amoderatebutpenetratingcoldnessb asensationofcoldness oftenaccompaniedbyshiveringandpalloroftheskinc asuddennumbingfearordread 4 chill Examples Thereisanoticeablechillintheairtoday Alittlechillrandownherback Thepopulationexperiencedachillatthethreatofaninvasion Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy Cf chill chilling chilled chillya Examples achill chillingwindTheeveningsaregettingchilly averychill chillyresponseachillingghoststoryabottleofchilledchampagne 冷飕飕的风夜晚冷得难受 不友好 冷淡的反应令人毛骨悚然的鬼故事一瓶冰镇香槟酒 WordStudy 5 eccentric a a departingfromarecognized conventional orestablishednormorpatternb deviatingfromacircularformorpath asinanellipticalorbit Examples Theoldladyhassomeeccentrichabits Mars Venusandtheotherplanetsmoveineccentricorbits 火星 金星及其他行星沿不正圆的轨道运行 oddoutlandishpeculiarqueerquaintstrange Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy oddoutlandishpeculiarqueerquaintstrange strange unfamiliar distant notcomfortable constrained notknownWhenhewokeup hewasinastrangeplace peculiar distinctfromallothers unusual uniqueThisfishhasapeculiartaste doyouthinkit sallright Languageispeculiartomankind odd deviatingfromwhatisordinary usual orexpectedIt soddthathehasn ttelephonedme anoddglove单只手套oddjob临时工作 Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy oddoutlandishpeculiarqueerquaintstrange queer markedlyfromthenorm Now mysuspicionisthattheuniverseisnotonlyqueererthanwesuppose butqueererthanwecansuppose 现在 我的怀疑是宇宙不但比我们所假想的要奇异 而且比我们能假想的还要奇异 J B S 霍尔丹 quaint pleasingorold fashionedpeculiaritythequaintstreetsofNewOrleansoutlandish alienorbizarrestrangenessTheyweredressedinaquaint outlandishfashion WordStudy 6 inquire v toseekinformationbyaskingaquestiontomakeaninquiryorinvestigationExamples I llinquireabouttheflights Sheinquiredaftermymother shealth Thedirectorinquiredofmeabout concerningourwork Weinquiredintohisstory andfounditwastrue Heinquiredforthebookinabookshop Wordformations n inquiryinquisitiona inquiringinquisitive Tobecontinuedonthenextpage WordStudy Fillingtheblankswiththeappropriateformsof inquire Havetheymadeany afterme Theobjectofscientific istodiscoverthelawsofnature Don tbeso I mnottellingyouwhatI vepromisednottosay An mindisveryvitalandvaluableinpursuingknowledge IknewI dfacean whenIgothome inquiriesinquiryinquisitiveinquiringinquisition WordStudy 7 mess n a acluttered untidy usuallydirtyconditionb aconfused troubling orembarrassingcondition Examples I llhavetoclearupallthemessinthisroom Thecopperindustrywasinamess Thisillnessmakesamessofmyholidayplans Shemesseduphernewdresswithredink Don tmesswithhimwhenheisangry 和他捣乱amessycourtcase一件难缠的官司 v messa messy Wordformations WordStudy 8 moisten v tomakeorbecomemoist Examples Moistenedbyrainanddew youngcropsgrowstrong 雨露滋润禾苗壮 Hiseyesweremoistwithtears Thesundriesthemoistureontheground n moisturea moist Wordformations WordStudy 9 oblige Examples Thelawobligesparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool Iamobligedtoyouforyourgracioushospitality Couldyouobligemebypostingthisletter Graceobligedthecompanywithasong v a toconstrainbyphysical legal social ormoralmeansb tomakeindebtedorgratefulc todoaserviceorfavorfor WordStudy 10 shriek n a ashrill oftenfranticcryb asoundsuggestiveofsuchacryv toshriek Examples Asuddenterribleshriekfrozethepassengertothespot Weheardtheshriekoftheengine swhistle Theywereallshriekingwithlaughter shriekoutawarning callcryscreamscreechshoutyell WordStudy a a tightlystretchedb inastateofmentalornervoustensionv n tenseExamples tensemusclesTheplayersweretenseatthestartofthegame Hedislikesoralexamsmostofall theyalwaystensehimup Just isfrequentlyusedwiththepresentperfecttense 11 tense Wordformations n tensiona tensile可拉长的 WordStudy Examples Itwasoneofthemostviciouscrimesofthecentury Shemadeupaviciousstoryaboutmetogeteven Theviciousdogoughttobeonaleash viciouscircle cycleofpoverty ignorance poverty 12 vicious 残暴的恶毒的凶猛的恶性循环 a a havingthenatureofvice evil immoral ordepravedb spiteful maliciousc disposedtoorcharacterizedbyviolentordestructivebehavior TheendofWordStudy List everynowandthen againtogiveone salibiinasplitsecondtomakearemarknot intheleast topopinandouttoputoutofone smindtostarttheballingrollingtotakeadvantageoftowalkinone ssleep PhrasesandExpressions Examples Everynowandthenashipcameintotheharbor Writemeapostcardeverynowandagain Everynowandthenhewipedhiseyeswithabigpocket handkerchief HeonlycomestoLondoneverynowandthen 1 Everynowandthen again PhrasesandExpressions onanumberofoccasions atregularintervals togiveaformalstatementorevidencethatapersonwasinanotherplaceatthetimeofacrimeExamples Hecouldn tgiveareliablealibisothepolicedidn treleasehim Haveyouanalibi 你能证明不在犯罪现场吗 2 Togiveone salibi PhrasesandExpressions Moreexamples immediatelyinamomentatonceinaninstantatawordinasecondrightawayinablinkatshortnoticeinatwinklingofaneyeinstantlyinonebreathinstantaneouslyinthesamebreath 3 inasplitsecond PhrasesandExpressions 一瞬间 霎那间 PhrasesandExpressions 4 tomakearemarktomakeastatementorcommet Examples Theykeptmakingremarksaboutus SophiamadenoremarkastoGerald slietoher Hemadeanunpleasantcommentaboutmyfriend Hemadeaflatteringstatementaboutherclothes Glass exposedbeams andantiquesallcombinetomakeastrongdecorativestatement 将玻璃 裸露的柱子和古董结合在一起制造出强烈的装饰效果 Examples Iamnotintheleastafraidofhisthreats Idon tmindintheleast atleast 至少 无论如何Iwaitedatleastanhour Youmightatleastanswer leastofall 尤其不Nobodycared leastofallthemanager notleast 相当重要Tradehasbeenbad notleastbecauseofincreasedcosts 5 not intheleastnot atall PhrasesandExpressions tomakebriefvisitandthenleavesuddenlyExamples She salwayspoppinginandout 她总是来去匆匆 I vejustpoppedintosayhello I mafraidshe sjustpoppedoutforafewminutes Ourneighborpoppedinforshortcall Iamjustpoppingroundtotheshop poproundwhenyougettimePopdowntotheshopsandgetabottleofmilk 6 topopinandout PhrasesandExpressions 进来出去进来去一下短暂拜访匆匆去 Translation tomakeoneforgetsomething 7 toputoutofone smind Phraseswith mind PhrasesandExpressions Example Youhavetotrytoputyourpastsufferingoutofyourmindandmakeafreshstart Tobecontinuedonthenextpage Phraseswith mind PhrasesandExpressions beinone emindbeintwomindsbeonone smindbeoutofone smindbearinmindgiveone smindtogooutofone smindkeepone smindontake offone smind tostarttheconversation activity 8 tostarttheballrolling PhrasesandExpressions ball phrases OtherPhrases gettheballrolling keeptheballrolling 使 活动 讨论等 不中断havetheballatone sfeet有希望一蹴而就ontheball内行 在行Thatbankerisreallyontheball 那位银行家的确很在行 playball 与with连用 合作 toputingooduse toavailoneselfofprofitselfishlyby 9 Totakeadvantageof PhrasesandExpressions Examples Weshouldtakeadvantageofalleducationalopportunities She ssusinghercharmtotrytotakeadvantageofhim Cf makeuseof Shewasmakingfulluseofheropportunity Example Childrenwhowalkintheirsleepusuallyoutgrowthehabit 梦游的孩子通常在长大后会改掉这个习惯 10 towalkinone ssleep PhrasesandExpressions TheendofPhrasesandExpressions towalkaroundwhileasleep cryoneselftosleep哭着睡着了get gotosleep睡着 入睡inasound beautifulsleep睡得正熟 香last longsleep长眠puttosleep使睡着 WordBuilding List Derivativesof form Derivativesof scribe Affix ruptSuffix mit WordBuilding conformdeformmisinformperformreformtransformformationformat scribe fromLateLatin scr e towrite 写 记下 WordBuilding ascribedescribeinscribeprescribesubscribetranscribe 归因于 归咎于描写 记述 形容记下指示 规定 开药订阅 签署转录 WordBuilding erupt rupt fromLatin rumpere tobreak abruptbankrupteruptcorruptdisruptinterruptrupture 突然 陡峭的破产喷出 爆发腐烂 堕落使中断 使破裂打断 中断破裂 裂开 Suffix mit Latinsuffix tosend呈交 放开admit ad to向 对 WordBuilding admitcommitemitremittransmit ThisistheendofWordBuilding Grammar Tobecontinuedonthenextpage ParentheticalElements Beforegoingintohisroomhemadeanoldremarkwhich inthecircumstances isworthrepeating Prepositionalphraseasaparentheticalexpressiontoaddsomeexplanationsofthesituation Parentheticalelementsareoftenusedastransitionalandexplanatoryexpressionsorafterthoughts MoreExamples Grammar Tobecontinuedonthenextpage ManystudentschooseSaturdayforsportsorsocialactivities Sunday ontheotherhand seemstobethebeststudydayformanystudents transitional Economics especiallyatanadvancedlevel iscloselyrelatedtomathematic