大学综合英语第二单元答案

基础英语第二单元答案Unit 2 The Fun They Had Page 26I. AII. 1. T; 2. F; 3. T; 4. F; 5. T.III. 1. A real book is a very old book in which stories are printed on yellow and crinkly pages.2. They must be using telebooks, as is mentioned in the text.3. She hates school because she has been doing worse and worse in her tests of geography.4. She was disappointed because she had been hoping they would take the teacher away altogether.5. It gave Margie an arithmetic lesson on the addition of proper fractions.6. The schools in Margies day give classes by computer, assigning homework by computer software programs while students in the old days went to school to attend their lessons given by human teachers, experiencing interaction, friendliness and team spirit instead of taking lessons alone at home as Tommy and Margie do.IV. 1. Her mother asked the County Inspector to come over.2. The mechanical teacher worked out the mark very quickly.3. Tommy looked at Margie with an air which suggested he knew far better about school than others.,4. A teacher has to make necessary changes about what to teach and how to teach so as to meet the different needs of different pupils.I. Vocabulary Analysis1. Phrase practice1. be through with = have sth. finished 完成-have finished reading2. look over ones shoulder = by looking from behind ones shoulder 透过某人肩上看-by looking from behind his shoulder3. be good for = is capable of providing4. sent for = sent a message asking for the assistance of5. take apart =dissemble 拆开；粗暴对待-disassembled the mechanical teacher.4. be prepared to = like/ want to 想要做-didnt like / want toII.1. in no time;2. crinkly;3. scornful;4. neighborhood;5. awfully;6. adjusting;7. tuck;8. nonchalantly;9. punched;10. fit.III. Word comparison1.entitle: to give a title to a booktag: if you tag something, you attach something to it or mark it so that it can be identified laterhead: if a page is headed with a particular name, title, image, etc. it has it on the toplabel: to use a word or phrase to describe someone or something, but often unfairly or incorrectly2.scornful: if you are scornful of someone or something, you show contempt for themproud: feeling pleased about something that you have done or something that you own, or about someone or something you are involved with or insorrowful: very sadafraid: if you are afraid of someone or afraid to do something, you are frightened because you think that something very unpleasant is going to happen to you3.technical: a technical language is the one that is difficult for most people to understand because it is connected with one particular subject or used in one particular jobmechanical: describing machines or their partse.g. The plane appeared to have crashed because of a mechanical problem.sentimental: relating to or involving feelings such as pity or love, especially for things in the pastlogical: seeming reasonable and sensible 4.code: a set of rules which are accepted as general principles, or a set of written rules which state how people in a particular organization or country should behavediscipline: the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behavior, and punishing them when they do not key: the part of a plan, action, etc, that will make it possible for it to succeedprinciple: a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works5.number: to give a number to something that is part of an ordered set or listcalculate: to judge the number or amount of something by using the information that you already have, and adding, multiplying, subtracting or dividing numbersfigure: to calculate an amountestimate: If you estimate a quantity or value, you make an approximate judgment or calculation of it.6.score: the number of points, goals, etc. achieved in a game or competitionpoint: one of the marks or numbers that shows your score in a game or sportmark: a point that is given for a correct answer or for doing something well in an exam or competition number: one of a series of symbols used in counting, which is used to mark a particular example of something 7.superior: used to describe someone who believes that they are better than other people and acts in such a waylofty: if you say that someone behaves in a lofty way, you are criticizing them for behaving in a proud and rather unpleasant way, as if they think they are very importantstupid: if you say that someone or something is stupid, you mean that they show a lack of good judgment or intelligence and they are not sensible at all advanced: modern and well developed8.smart: intelligent or sensiblewise: a wise person is able to use their experience and knowledge in order to make sensible decisions and judgmentsintelligent: being able to learn and understand things easilymodern: made or done using the most recent designs or methodsIV.1. a. funny; b. interesting; c. interesting; d. funny.2. a. silent; b. silent; c. still; d. still.3. a. dispute; b. arguing; c. disputing; d. arguing.4. a. usual; b. usual; c. Regular; d. regular.V. Synonym / AntonymGive synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. Today Tommy found a real book.Synonyms: actual, genuine, true2. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed toon a screen, you know.Antonyms: moving, movable, mobile, restless,3. They turned the pages, which were yellow and crinkly, and it was awfully funny to read words that stood still instead of moving the way they were supposed to on a screen, you know.Synonyms: rough, coarse, uneven4. Margie always hated school, but now she hated it more than ever.Antonyms: like, love, enjoy5. Margie was scornful.Synonyms: disdainful, contemptuous6. Tommy looked at her with very superior eyes.Antonyms: inferior, subordinate, secondary7. “Maybe,” he said nonchalantly.Synonyms: indifferently, coldly, coolly, casually, offhandedly8. Little girls learned better if they learned at regular hours.Antonyms: irregular, uncertain, random4. Word derivation Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in brackets.1. Its quite pointless to ask him again. Hell never agree. (point) point (n.) 点，要点，尖端，细节，目标pointless (adj.) 不尖的，钝的，不得要领的pointy (adj.) 非常尖的，有明显尖状突出部分的2. No, this is not the original; its a good reproduction, though. (produce) produce （v.）生产，提出，引起，生产product (n.) 产品，成果production (n.) 生产，产品，产量，作品，成果productivity (n.) 生产率，生产能力productive (adj.) 能生产的，有生产价值的，多产的reproduce (v.) 复制，再生，生殖reproduction (n.) 复制品，复制，繁殖，生殖3. Wed better go by train. The car is too unreliable for such a long journey. (rely) rely(v.)依赖，依靠reliable (adj.) 可靠地，可信的reliability (n.) 可靠性unreliable (adj.) 不可靠的unreliability (n.) 不可靠性，不安全性4. Thanks to your generosity we have now collected the money we need. (generous) generous （adj.）慷慨的，宽宏大量的，丰盛的，味浓的generousness (n.) 慷慨，宽大，丰富，肥沃generosity (n.) 慷慨，大方5. Jenny has sent me a very apologetic letter explaining why she didnt do what she had promised. (apology) apology (n.) 道歉；勉强的替代物apologize (v.) 道歉，谢罪apologetical (adj.) 辩解的apologetic (adj.) 道歉的，认错的，赔罪的6. You must realize that such disobedience cannot be tolerated. (obey) obey (v.) 服从，听从，顺从obedient (adj.) 服从的，顺从的obedience (n.) 服从，顺从disobedient (adj.) 不服从的，不顺从的disobedience (n.) 不服从，违抗7. I have never worked for such a considerate employer; I think all the other employees have the same opinion (employ) employ （v.）雇佣，使用employee (n.) 雇员employment (n.) 职业，雇佣，使用employer (n.) 雇主employless (adj.) 失业的，无业的unemployment (n.) 失业率，失业人数unemploy (v.) 解雇，使失业8. Without your encouragement he would never have been able to do it. (courage) courage (n.) 勇敢，胆量courageous (adj.) 勇敢的discourage (v.) 使气馁，阻碍discouraged (adj.) 泄气的，沮丧的encouragement (n.) 鼓劲discouragement (n.) 挫折II. Grammar Exercises1. Generic reference and specific reference of a/an, theWe usually use “the” when we talk about things that are unique: the sun, the sky, etc, and about things that are context specific and are known by both the speaker and the listener. If we want to describe a particular instance of these we can use “a/an”.e.g. I could see the plane (context specific, both the speaker and the listener know about the plane that is mentioned) high up in the sky (unique). When I woke up there was a bright blue sky (an instance).2. Go to school or go to the schoolA/an, the and zero articles can all be used in set collocations or fixed collocations and idioms. Caution that collocations with different choices of articles can mean differently.e.g. A man is standing in the front of the house. (The man is in the house.) A tree is standing in front of the house. (The tree is outside the house.) I go to school every day. (=I go to the school to study every day.) I went to the school today. (=Today I went to some place and that place was a school.)I.1. the; the2. a;3. a; /;4. a;5. the;6. /; the;7. The; the /;8. the; the;9. a; a; a;10. a; a; a.II.1. /; /; /;2. /;3. the; /;4. the; /;5. /; /;6. The;7. the;8. the; the;9. the; /;10. /.III.1. Light; 2. a noise; 3. very good weather; 4. bad luck; 5. president; 6. The vegetables; 7. war; 8. All the books; 9. coffee; 10. poetry.IV.1. /; 2. the; 3. /; 4. the; 5. the; 6. /; 7. /; 8. the.V.1. A Briton falls to his death on the Matterhorn.2. An Olympic silver medalist dies in a crash.3. Callaghan recalls the British Ambassador from Chile.4. The army ends the chaos in the capital.5. A college student wins the first prize.III. Translation exercisesI.1. 玛吉的爷爷曾经说过，小时候他的爷爷告诉他，过去故事都是印刷在纸上的。2他们翻阅那些旧得泛黄、皱巴巴的书页。阅读那些一动不动的单词真是好玩极了，那些词并没有像我们平时看到的那样在屏幕上滚动。3这个机器老师一直在接二连三地让她做地理测验，但她越做越糟糕。结果她的母亲伤心地摇摇头，请来了县视察员。4玛吉希望他无法将机器重新组装起来，但他还是成功了。过了个把小时，机器又好了，硕大的黑色机器，其丑无比，有个大大的屏幕，所有的课程和问题全都显示在上面。II1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨天抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期3天的友好访问。（Head）Yesterday a government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa and began a three-day friendly visit to the country.2. 看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。(awfully funny)It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills.3. 计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在屏幕上显示出来。(show on a screen)4. 张利的母亲前天突然病倒，他赶紧派人请来医生。(send for)Zhang Lis mother fell ill the day before yesterday; he sent for a doctor immediately.5. He failed in the college entrance examination last year, but he did not feel disappointed. Instead, he continued to study hard, passed the examination successfully and became a student in a famous university this year.6. There are many English words that this middle school student cannot pronounce correctly.7. 在这个信息爆炸的时代，我们必须不断努力更新知识，才能适应工作的需要。（become adjusted to） In this era of information explosion, we have to make constant efforts to renew our knowledge. Only thus can we become adjusted to the requirement of our work.8. 那男孩把衬衫塞到裤腰里，将皮包夹在腋下，看上去俨然一副老板样。(tuck) With his shirt tucked into the top of his trousers and a leather bag under his arm, the boy looked just like a boss.9. Although she is only eight years old, the little girl is already very good at calculating fractions. No wonder her parents feel proud of her.10. All the neighborhood have heard of the news, but you havent. Dont you think it is strange?VI. Writing Practice Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices1Run-on SentencesA run-on sentence is a sentence that actually has two or more sentences combined into one without a punctuation mark or a sentence connector. Run-on Sentences can rarely be understood on first reading, and they are never acceptable in standard written English.Example:Run-on: The cat jumped from step to step it gracefully landed with each jump.Correct: The cat jumped from step to step; it gracefully landed with each jump.Generally, run-on sentences can be corrected in the following ways:Run-on: Our foreign policy is not well defined it confuses many countries.Correct:A. Add a coordinating conjunction.Our foreign policy is not well defined and it confuses many countries.B. Add a subordinating conjunction.Since our foreign policy is not well defined, it confuses many countries.C. Add a full stop and capitalize the beginning of the latter sentence.Our foreign policy is not well defined. It confuses many countries.D. Add a semicolon.Our foreign policy is not well defined; it confuses many countries. 2Comma SplicesA comma splice is one of the common errors that inexperienced writers makeseparating independent clauses by only a comma and a conjunctive adverb or a transitional phrase. Conjunctive adverbs include such words as furthermore, however, and moreover; transitional phrases are expressions such as in fact and for example.Example:Comma splice: Learning a new language is like learning to swim, it takes a lot of practice.Correct: Learning a new language is like learning to swim and it takes a lot of practice.Like the run-on sentences, a comma splice can be corrected in the following ways：Run-on: The examination was finally over, Becky felt free to enjoy herself once more.Correct:A. Keep the comma and add a coordinating conjunction.The examination was finally over, and Becky felt free to enjoy herself once more.B. Keep the comma and add a subordinating conjunction.Since the examination was finally over, Becky felt free to enjoy herself once more.C. Replace the comma with a full stop and capitalize the beginning of the latter sentence.The examination was finally over. Becky felt free to enjoy herself once more.D. Replace the comma with a semicolon.The examination was finally over; Becky felt free to enjoy herself once more.Correct the following run-on sentences or comma splices in the ways suggested above.1. It is reported that graduate students salaries are not as high as expected, some cannot earn as much as university students.It is reported that graduate students salaries are not as high as