国际旅游业竞争力的偏离份额分析——以江苏省为例

Shift shareAnalysisonInternationalTourismCompetitiveness ACaseofJiangsuProvince Shift shareAnalysisonInternationalTourismCompetitiveness 1MainideaShift shareanalysisisveryusefulinstudyingregionaleconomics Thisstudyusedittoanalyzingthespatialcompetitive nessofJiangsuprovinceincomparisonwithitsneighbors Thestudydataisfromtheinternationaltourismreceiptsfrom1995to2004 Then thestudycarriedoutfurtheranalysisbythecom parisonofbackgroundconditionsoftourismdevelopmentbetweenJiangsuanditskeycompetitor Zhejiang whichnotonlyprovedthefindingsoftheaboveanalyticalresultsbutalsoexplainedthelikelycausesofit VS 2Methods2 1Traditionalshift shareanalysisthenationalgrowtheffecttheindustry mixedeffect thenationalgrowtheffect theindustry mixedeffect thecompetitiveeffect regionalgrowth 2 2shift shareanalysisinthisstudyregionalgrowth thenationalsectoralshifteffect neighbor nationalsectoralshifteffect regional neighborsectoralshifteffect gi thegrowthofinternationaltourismreceiptsinthestudyregiongi thatintheneighboringregionsGi thenationalcounterparti thepeculiarsector thenationalsectoralshifteffect neighbor nationalsectoralshifteffect regional neighborsectoralshifteffect gi Gi gi gi Gi regionalgrowth gi 2 3thepracticableanalysisformulationinthisstudyRgt Rg0 Rg0 RGt RG0 1 Rg0 Rjt Rj0 RGt RG0 Rg0 Rgt Rg0 Rjt Rj0 Rgt Rg0 Rg0 RGt RG0 1 Rg0 Rjt Rj0 RGt RG0 Rg0 Rgt Rg0 Rjt Rj0 Rj0 internationaltourismreceiptsofneighboringregionatthebeginningRG0 nationRg0 thestudyregionRjt internationaltourismreceiptsofneighboringregionattheendperiodRGt nationRgt thestudyregion regionalgrowth nationalsectoralshifteffect Neighbor nationalsectoralshifteffect Regional neighborsectoralshifteffect Netshift 2 4studyareaanddataSixprovincesintheeasterncoastalChinaarechosenassamplesforthisstudy ThestudyareaincludesJiangsu thetargetregion anditsneighbor ingregions suchasShanghai Zhejiang Anhui ShandongandHenan Thestudyperiodspanstenyearsfrom1995to2004 Here JiangsuProvinceisthestudyunitwhileitsneighboringregionsareusedasbenchmarkareas Then thedataandanalysisfollows Rgt Rg0 1763 260 1503Rg0 RGt RG0 1 260 21031 8249 1 402 871503 402 87 1100 13 Zhejiang nation Rg0 Rjt Rj0 RGt RG0 260 1300 236 21031 8249 769 33Jiangsu Zhejiang Rg0 Rgt Rg0 Rjt Rj0 260 1763 260 1300 236 330 79 3Results3 1NationalsectoralshifteffectTheanalyticalresultsshowthatJiangsuhasanactualgrowthofUS 1503 44 106andapositivenetshift 1100 13 106 whichmeansthatitperformsbetterrelativetothewholecountryinthedevelopmentoftheinternationaltourismindustry 3 2Neighbor nationalsectoralshifteffectAlltheneighborsofJiangsuhavepositivevalue whichsuggeststhatthedevelop mentofinternationaltourismindustryisfasterthantheaverageofnationalgrowthinthestudyarea Particularly thegrowthofZhejiang 769 86 106 andAnhui 517 12 106 arewellinexcessofthatoftheothers 3 3competitiveeffectJiangsualsohaspositivecompetitiveeffectsoverallitsneighboringregions meaningthatitismorecompetitivelypositionedwithrespecttoitsneighbors However Zhejianghastheleastvalue 330 79 106 whichmeansZhejiangdeve lopsmuchproximatetoJiangsuininternationaltourismindustry Furthermore itcanbeinferredthatZhejiangisthemostimportantcompetitortoJiangsu Inconclusion Jiangsuhasgreatercompetitivenessintheinter nationaltourismindustry whileZhejiangprovincecanbeviewedasthemostimportantrivalforJiangsuamongalltheneighboringregionsbytheshift sharemodel Theshift sharemodelisveryuseful itcanreflectthespatiallycompetitivestate however itcannotgivethemechanismandex planationunderlyingit Inordertomakeitclear wewouldneedtocarryoutfurtheranalysisincomparisonwithlocalconditions Actually furtheranalysisofthebackgroundandconditionsinJiangsuandZhejiangcannotonlyempiricallyprovethefindingsoftheaboveshift shareanalyticalresults butalsolayafoundationformakingstrategiesforthedevelopmentofthetourismindustry 4Discussion4 1competitionanalysis VS 1 Similarlocationconditions 2 Sameculturemilieu BoththesetworegionsaresituatedattheChangjiangRiverestuaryandfacingwiththesea beingimportantbeltofeastemChina sreformandopeningup TheyarealsoclosetoanddependentonShanghai China sbiggestindustrialbaseandtradeport 3 Similartourismresourcesandcharacteristics 4 Similartourismdevelopmentimpetus 4 2strategydevelopmentRecommendations 1 Fromsupply sideperspectivecomesrecognitionoftheimportanceofthetourismproductpositioningincarryingoutdifferentiationandindividuationstrategiesduetosomanysimilaritiesinthetwoprovinces 2 Frommarket sideperspectivecomesre