高考听力常见固定搭配和俚语

高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。（1） 餐馆场景：order点菜serve上菜change零钱keep the change!不用找零钱了 ! tip小费treat请客 （ this is my treat!我请客!）go dutchaa 制 （let s go fifty fifty.）steak牛排cheese 奶酪sandwich三明治bacon腌 肉 soup汤plain water自来水（西餐中洗手用的）doughnut甜甜圈appetizer开胃物dessert 甜品，水果（作为正餐的最后一道） go out for dinner / dinner out出去吃饭snack bar小吃街;大排挡hamburger汉 堡 包 coke可 口 可 乐 french fries炸薯条dining hall餐厅；食堂coffee shop咖啡店restaurant餐馆cafeteria自助餐厅canteen食堂buffet自助餐（2） 邮局场景：stamp邮 票 envelope信封package / parcel包裹overweight超重extra postage额外邮资send / post / deliver a letter / mail寄 /发信express mail快件airmail航空信件surface mail陆地邮寄open an account开一个帐户（3） 图书馆场景：library card借书证borrow借入lend借 出 keep保留renew更新bookshelf书架novel小说science fiction科幻小说magazine杂志periodical期刊reference book参考书librarian图书管理员 pay a fine交罚款（4） 医院及健康场景：aspirin阿司匹林（止痛药） regular doctor私人医生emergence department急诊室icu（= intensive care unit）特护病房treatment治疗手段take one s temperature测量体温blood pressure血压medicine药pills / tablets药丸/药片heart attack心脏病cold / flu流感have/catch a cold患上感冒pain疼痛headache头痛stomach-ache胃痛backache背痛sore-throat喉咙痛cough咳嗽fever发烧what s up?你好吗？（多用于男生之间）how is it going?= how are you?你好吗？ /怎么样？im fine. / i feel good/terrific. / i couldnt be better. / nothing is very wrong with me.好。i am not feeling good. / i feel terrible/horrible/awful. / i am not myself these days.不好。（注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。）（5） 电话场景：operator接线员extensionsixtwotwosix,please.请转6226 。the line is bad/ busy / engaged.电话占线it kept a busy line.电话占线long distance call长途电话collect call对方付费的电话put through接通电话hold on / up稍等，别挂断hold the line, please.稍等，别挂断call/telephone/ring/phonesb.给某人打电话give sb. a call/ ring给某人打电话ill call back later / again.我稍后再打过来 ill ring him/ her up again.我稍后再打给他/她i couldn t get through.我打不通sorry, i m afraid you have the wrong number.抱歉，你打错了（6） 酒店场景：make a reservation预定房间reception desk接 待 处 check in入住check out结帐single room单间suite 套间do you have areservationsir?有空房间吗?have you got any vacant room?有空房间吗?is there any room available here?有空房间吗?all the room are occupied.房 间 已 满 。 how much do you charge for that?要多少钱？meals included.包括饮食。smoking or no smoking?可以吸烟的还是不能吸烟的？（7） 超速场景：speeding超速may i see your license, please?我能看一下你的驾照吗？you will be fined by $20.你将被罚款 20 美元。（8） 购物场景：store杂货店department store百货商场shopping center购物中心商品信息： size color; style; pricewhat color/size/kind do you want?商品论贵贱： expensive昂贵的, cheap便宜的价格论高低： high, low bargain 便宜货popular / fashionable流行的in fashion流行，时尚out of fashion过时的brand品牌counter柜台pay in cash用现金支付pay in check用支票支付credit card信用卡shop assistant商店营业员out of stock脱销/缺货in stock有货（9） 天气场景：cloudy阴天overcast多云thunder打雷strong/ high wind大风tornado龙卷风typhoon台风storm风暴blizzard 暴风雨downpour 倾盆大雨shower阵 雨 clear up天空放晴put away clothes下雨收衣服weather in london / seattle意指不好的天气weather in california意指好天气it rains cats and dogs.（=the rain is pouring.）下着倾盆大雨。经常和天气相联系的情况：vacation( 度假)和 flight（航班）（be delayed/cancelled by the bad weather）因为坏天气被取消了（10） ）机场场景：flight航班welcome on board欢迎登机bound for飞往方向去的check in办理登机手续behind schedule晚点take off起飞land 降落can i help you ？= what can i do for you?广泛用于商店、饭店、旅馆、邮局、办事处等场所，作为对顾客的招呼语。其本义是：要我帮忙吗 ? 我可以帮你吗 ?我能替你做点什么吗 ?但具体含义要视场合而定。如果在商店can i help you?你要买点什么 ?如果在餐馆can i help yon?你要吃点什么吗 ?如果在邮局can i help yon?你要邮寄什么 ?高考听力常见固定搭配aa couple of两三个a great deal非常（用来修饰比较级）a matter of time时间问题，例: it s just a matter of time.这只是个时间问题。a million times很多次a sheet of paper一张纸a waste of money/time/energy钱/时间/精力的浪费add up加起来，总计after all毕竟，终究，到底，终于agree with同意，适合alarm clock闹 钟 anything but并不; 恰恰不例： he was anything but a fool.他并不是个傻瓜all along一直，始终小时不停as a matter of fact 事 实 上as far as i know 据我所知as long as 只 要as soon as 一 就as soon as possible尽快ask for要求;要求找ask somebody for a ride请求搭车not at all一点也不，根本不at least至少at the most至多，顶多apply for申请at somebody s service愿意为某人效劳aroundtheclock整天不间断，一天24bbe about to do正要做be absent from school缺课，没上学be accustomed to习惯于be behind in在方面落后be bound for去地方例: the train is bound for beijing。这列火车去北京。be capable of有能力做be in luck有运气，幸运be in the dark蒙在鼓里，不知道be known to为所熟知be on a diet正在节食 be prepared for准备好做be responsible for对负责任be sick of对感到厌恶be suitable for适合做be supposed to应该be up to somebody由某人来决定be used to对习 惯 了 before long不 久 ， 很 快 behind the time(s)落后于时代believe it or not信不信由你belong to属于birthday present生日礼物bit by bit逐步地，慢慢地black coffee黑咖啡 (不加糖，也不加奶的咖啡)box office售票处break down坏了，出故障break up分手(夫妻或者情人之间 )bus fare公共汽车票钱bus station汽车站(一般指发车站或终点站;总站)bus tour乘公共汽车旅行by air乘飞机by all means当然by and by不久以后by oneself自己一个人，单独ccall on somebody拜访某人camping trip露营can t help doing避免不了 ; 忍不住 cancel an appointment取消约会care for喜欢carry on继 续 下 去 carry out执行，履行catch up on赶上， 补上catch one s eyes吸引的目光，引人注意catch up with赶上change one s mind改变主意check out核实cheer up高兴起来chemistry lab化学实验室chocolate bar一块巧克力classical music古典音乐clean out清光，清理出去clean up大扫除，整理一下coffee break喝咖啡的休息时间come along进展; 一块来去come by参观，访问，拜访come in进来，到达，起作用come out出来; 出版come over过来，拜访come to one s mind想起 come up来临，发生come up with想出complain about抱怨cost a fortune花大价钱，价格很高count on依赖cut off电话线断了cut down on削减， 减少ddark side阴暗面day and night夜以继日day in and day out一天又一天deal with应付，处理decide on决 定 depend on依靠，依赖develop the film冲胶卷dial the number拨电话dine out出 去 吃 饭 dining car餐车dinner party晚宴do one s best尽自己最大的努力do one s hair做头发do somebody good对某人有益do the cooking作饭do the washing洗衣服do with用凑合do without没有也行don t mention it没什么可提的， 没关系的 drive someoneout of mind让某人发疯driver s license驾照drop in on somebody拜访某人dry off烘干due to 因为eeat out出去吃饭every now and then有时eat up吃光，占用every once in a while有时end up结果是every other每隔(be) enthusiastic about对有兴趣extra work额外作业，额外工作fface to face面对面fall asleep睡 着 了 far from离差的很远feel well身 体 好 figure out搞清楚fill one s place代替 fill out (a form)填(表) final exam期末考试financial aid助学金find out调查，搞清楚first class一流的，最好的fly by(时间)飞逝for fun为了好玩for nothing免费for oneself自己，亲自for sale出售for sure肯定，一定for years很多年，很长时间from now on从现在开始from time to time有时from top to bottom到处，从上到下ggain some weight胖了一些gas station加油站get. in order整 理 get a ride with搭的车get along相处get along with和相处不错get away出去get better康复get hold of抓住，抓到get out of从当中出来，不再做get out of bed起床get over摆脱get rid of处理掉get started on开 始 做 get through完成， 作完get tired of对厌 烦 get to找到，到达，赶到get to sleep睡觉get together聚会get up起床get used to习惯getin order将处理，整理give sb. a hand给某人帮忙，帮某人一把give sb. a ride让某人搭车give up放弃，不再作了 go ahead继续go all out全力以赴 go for a walk出去散步go on a diet开始节食go out for dinner出去吃饭go over复 习 go to sleep睡觉go up上升hhad better do sth.最好干某事hand in交上去hand out分发hang up挂上（电话）have a good time玩的很愉快have enough of受 够 了 have had to 必须做have much on one s mind心头 有很 多事情have trouble doing做有困难had better do sth.最好干某事hand in交上去hand out分发hang up挂上（电话）have a good time玩的很愉快have enough of受 够 了 have had to 必须做have much on one s mind心头 有很 多事情have trouble doing做有困难iif only要是.就好了 in a bad mood心情不好in a blue mood心情不好in a terrible mood心情极糟in a good mood心情好in no good mood没有心情做in a little while一会之后in a minute一会之后 in advance提前in case万一，说不定in common共同点in good shape处于很好的状态， 身体很好in high spirits心情很好in low spirits心情不好in memory of为纪念 in no time马上，很快in spite of尽管in time及时赶上insist on坚持instead of而没有，而不kkeep an eye on小心，关注keep in shape保持健康keep on继续坚持keep it between the two of us这只是你我之间的事情keep up坚持下去llaw school法学院lay off裁员，解雇leavealone将放在一边，别理 (某人) leave for去地方line up排队little by little慢慢的，逐步的living room起居室long distance call长途电话look forward to盼望look into调查look over检查look up查字典look up to尊敬look well身体看上去不错lose some weight减肥lunch time午饭时间mmajor in 以为专业make fun of 取笑，嘲弄make no difference没有区别，一样make some difference有区别， 有用make sense有意义，有道理make sure搞清楚，保证make up one s mind下定决心 most of all 最重要的是move out搬出去nnext to 在附近；次于 no matter how无论如何no matter what无论什么no matter where 无论那里no problem没问题no soonerthan一就no way不可能no wonder难怪now that既然(因为)ooff campus在校外on campus在校园on account of 因 为on business出差on foot步行on one s way to在去的路上on purpose故意on sale减价销售on the corner在街角on the whole总体来讲on time按时，准时 one in a million百里挑一out of breath上气不接下气out of one s mind发疯 out of shape身体不好 out of stock没有存货了out of the question不可能ppart-time job兼职工作pay a visit参观pay attention to注意力集中于pay off有回报，还清pick up接某人，买，学，好转，提速point of view观点pop music流行音乐price tag 标价签put down 放下来put off 推 迟put on 播放，穿上，上演put out 扑 灭put up 建 立rright away立刻，马上run out of用完，用光rush hour交通高峰期ssee off送别sell out卖掉，卖光send out发 出 send out出 发 set up建立，准备show sb. around带领某人参观show up出现，出席，参加sick of 对厌烦 sleeping bag睡袋slow down减速，慢下来snack bar快 餐 店 so far到目前为止sore throat嗓子疼spare time自由时间stay up熬夜step by step逐步的，慢慢来switch off关掉ttake a break休息一下take a look at看一下take a picture of拍照片take a walk散步take a while需要一会take along带上take care of照顾，照料take down记下来take sth. into account将某事考虑进去take it easy没着急，放松take one s place代替某人的位置take over代替the line is busy电话占线 the more, the better越多越好the other day几天前the sooner, the better越快越好try on试穿turn down关小声音，拒绝turn off关掉(电器等)turn on打开(电器等)turn out结果是，集合，出动uunder the weather身体不舒服used to do sth.过去常常做某事wwait for等待wait in line排队wear out穿 坏 ( 衣 物 ) weather forecast天气预报what a shame!真遗憾！word by word逐渐地，慢慢地work on从事，不断工作 work out解决，进展，证明work overtime加班work schedule工作日程yyou bet当然！you said it.你说对了！高考听力常见俚语1. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush一鸟在手，胜似二鸟在林2. a blank slate干净的黑板（新的一页，新的开始）3. a bone to pick可挑剔的骨头（争端，不满）4. a cat nap打个盹儿5. a ouch potato躺椅上的马铃薯（懒鬼）6. a headache头痛（麻烦事）7. a knock out击倒（美得让人倾倒）8. a load off my mind心头大石落地9. a pain in the neck脖子疼（苦事）10. a piece of cake一块蛋糕（小菜一碟，易事一件）11. a shot in the dark盲目射击（瞎猜）12. a sinking ship正在下沉的船13. a slap in the face脸上挨了一耳光（公然受辱）14. a social butterfly社交蝴蝶（善于交际，会应酬的人）15. a thorn in someones side腰上的荆棘（芒刺在背）16. a turn coat反穿皮袄的人（叛徒）17. a weight off my shoulders放下肩头重担18. an ace up my sleeve袖里的王牌19. ants in ones pants裤裆里有蚂蚁（坐立不安）20. back in the saddle重上马鞍（重整旗鼓）21. back on track重上轨道（改过自新）22. backfire 逆火（弄巧成拙，适得其反）23. ball and chain铁球铁链，甜蜜的枷（老婆）24. beat a dead horse鞭打死马令其奔驰（徒劳）25. beaten by the ugly stick被丑杖打过（生得难看）26. bet your life把命赌上（绝对错了）27. better half我的另一半28. big headed大脑袋（傲慢，自大）29. bigger fish to fry有更大的鱼要炸（有更重要的事要办）30. bite the bullet咬子弹（强忍痛苦）31. birds of a feather flock together羽毛相同的鸟总飞成一群（物以类聚）32. blow up in you face在眼前爆炸（事情完全弄砸了）33. break a let 折断一条腿（表演真实，演出成功）34. break the ice 破冰（打破僵局）35. brown nose 讨好，谄媚36. bull in a china shop 瓷器店里的蛮牛（笨拙的人，动辄弄坏东西的人）37. burst your bubble 扎破泡泡（打破人的幻想，煞风景）38. bury ones head in the sand 把头埋在沙里（自欺欺人）39. butterfliesin my stomach 肚里有只蝴蝶（心里紧张，七上八下）40. buy the farm 买下农场（归道山，死了）41. cash in my chips 兑换筹码（睡觉，就寝）42. circle the wagons 把篷车围成一圈（严阵以待）43. clean up ones act自我检点，自我改进44. come down in sheets整片整片地下（倾盆大雨）45. cross the line跨过线（做得太过分了）46. cross that bridge when we come to it到了桥头就过桥（船到桥头自然直）47. cut to the chase抄捷径去追猎物（不绕圈子，开门见山，单刀直入）48. daily grind例行苦事，每天得干的苦工49. days are numbered来日无多50. dead center正当中51. dead-end street死路，死巷子52. domino effect骨牌效应53. down to the wire最后关头54. down under南边（常指面半球的澳洲）55. downhill from here从此都是下坡路（自此每况愈下）56. drop the ball掉了球（失职）57. empty nest空巢（儿女长大离家）58. get hitched拴起来（结婚）59. get off on the wrong foot起步便错（第一印象不佳）60. get the ball rolling让球滚起来（动起手来）61. goose bumps鸡皮疙瘩62. hit the road上路63. hold your horses勒住你的马（慢来）64. hang somebody out to dry把晾起来了（把坑苦了）65. in ones back pocket在某人裤子后口袋里（是某人的囊中之物）66. in the dark在黑暗中（茫然，什么也不知道）67. in the spotlight站在聚光灯圈里（出风头）68. its greek to me希腊文（天书）69. joined at the hip连体婴（死党，从不分开的两个人）70. jump the gun枪未响先偷跑（抢先）71. kick the bucket踢水桶（翘辫子）72. kill two birds with one stone一 箭双雕，一举两得73. last straw最后一根稻草74. left a bitter taste in ones mouth留下满嘴苦味（留下不愉快的回忆）75. light a fire under your butt在屁股下点一把火（促其行动）76. light at the end of the tunnel隧道末端的光（一线希望）77. light at the end of the tunnel 隧道末端的光（一线希望）78. like shootingfish in a barrel 桶里射鱼（瓮中捉鳖）79. ling winded 长舌，碎嘴80. monday morning quarterback星期一早晨的四分卫（马后炮）81. my old man 我的老头（我父亲）82. out of the pan and into the fire 跳出锅里，掉进火里（每况愈下）83. plenty of other fish in the sea 海里的鱼多得很（天涯何处无芳草）84. poker face 扑克面孔（喜怒不形于色）85. pop the question 提出大问题（求婚）86. pot calling the kettle black锅嫌壶黑（五十步笑百步）87. punch your lights out揍得你两眼发黑88. put all of ones eggs in one basket鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里（孤注一掷）89. put ones foot in ones mouth把脚丫放进嘴里（说错话了）90. rob the cradle劫摇篮（老牛吃嫩草）91. skate on thin ice在薄冰上滑冰（如履薄冰，身历险境）92. skeleton in ones closet壁橱里的骷髅（不可告人的事）93. skin and bones皮包骨94. sleep