小学定冠词和不定冠词练习题15423

冠词冠词分为不定冠词（ a, an ），定冠词（ the），和零冠词。i. 不定冠词的用法：1 指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofa plane is a machine that can fly.2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指a boy is waiting for you.3 表示“每一”相当于every ，onewe study eight hours a day.4 表示“相同”相当于the samewe are nearly of an age.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与5某名人有类似性质的人或事a mr. smith came to visit you when you were out that boy is rather a lei feng.6用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time用于 quite, rather, many, half,7what, such之后this room is rather a big one.8用于 so(as, too, how)+形容词之后she is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.ii. 定冠词的用法：1 表示某一类人或物the horse is a useful animal.2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the pacific ocean表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的3人或事would you mind opening the door?4 用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the greens, the wangs1用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级7前he is the taller of the two children.用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛8的名词前the united states, the communist party of china, the french9用于表示发明物的单数名词前the compass was invented in china.在逢十的复数数词之前， 指世纪的某个年10代in the 1990 s11用于表示单位的名词前i hired the car by the hour.用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时12间的词组前he patted me on the shoulder.iii. 零冠词的用法：专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地1名等名词前beijing university, jack, china, love, air名词前有 this, my, whose, some, no,2each, every等限制i want this book, not that one. /whose purse is this?3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前march, sunday, national day, spring4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前lincoln was made president of america.5 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前he likes playing football/chess.6 与 by 连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land7 以 and 连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前horses are useful animals.2冠词重点知识归纳及讲解（一）概说 1冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：1） 定 冠 词 the 2）不定冠词 a/an定冠词 the 通常读作 ，在元音前读作 i，特别强调或单念时读作i:。不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an 这个形式， 读作n；在其他情况下则使用a，读作。2冠词的基本意义不定冠词 a/an 与数词 one 同源，表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。例如：she is a nurse.她是个护士。he is an englishman, with an irish wife.他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子。定冠词 the，与 this 同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一（几）个特定的人或东西，有时可译作“这个（些）”或“那个（些”。）例如：that s the book you want.这就是你要的那本书。who s the young man over there?那边那个年轻人是谁？但在很多情况下，“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。例如：put it on the table.把它放在桌上。shut the door, please.请把门关上。33特指和泛指一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种情况，请比较下面的句子：a gentleman is asking to see you.有位先生要求见你。（泛指）ask the gentleman to come in.请那位先生进来。（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时则有三种情况：1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。例如：she sent me a postcard她寄给我一张明信片。2） 在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用some, any这类词。例如：these are new words.这些是生词。she sent me some flowers.她送给我一些花。 3）在不可数名词前多不加什么，有时也可加some, any等。例如：its lovely weather.天气真好。do you want any sugar in your tea?你茶里要放点糖吗？give us some help.给我们一些帮助。（二）不定冠词的基本用法 1泛指某一类人或事物中的一个，代表某一类别（不一定译为“一” ） 如： his father is a doctor.他父亲是医生。2. 代表某一类人或事物，相当于 any （+名词）（不必译为“一，”但必须用 a，表示类别）如： a horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。3. 指某人或某物（不是指某一类） ，但不具体说明何人或何物（一般译为“一”）如： this book was written by a worker.这本书是一位工人写的。44. 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有 one 强烈（一般译为“一）”如： wait a moment.等一下。5. 表示单位，相当于“每”的意思如： we have three meals a day.我们每日吃三餐。6. 用于某此固定词组中例如：a few, a little, a bit (of), a lot of等。（三）定冠词的基本用法1. 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物如： give me the book.把那本书给我。2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物如： where is the doctor?医生在哪儿？3. 再次提到上文提到过的人或事物如： i bought a dictionary yesterday. the dictionary is at home. 昨天我买了一本词典。词典在家里。 4用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物如： the earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.地球比月亮大，但比太阳小。5. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前如： mr wang teaches the first class.王先生上第一节课。of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth.在所有的恒星中，太阳离地球最近。6. 用在单数可数名词，表示某一类人或事物如： the horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。57. 与下列专有名词连用1） 在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前如： the changjiang river, the great lake2） 在姓氏的复数名词前，表示夫妇二人或全家人如： the greens are sitting at the breakfast table.格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。8. 和某些形容词连用，表示一类人 如： the old老人 the young年轻人the rich富人 the poor穷人the sick病人 the dead死人9. 在一些习惯说法中the east (west, south, north)in the morning (afternoon, evening) on the left (right)in the endgo to the cinema（四）不用冠词的几种情况1在专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前如： have you ever been to shanghai?你到过上海吗？ we love science.我们爱好科学。 2在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前如： girls can be scientists.女孩子可以当科学家。3在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前如： it is hot in summer.夏天天气热。6its tuesday, august the 22nd.今天是八月二十二日，星期三。 have you had breakfast?你吃过早饭没有？ 4称呼语或表示头衔，职务的名词前如： what s the matter with you, mike?怎么啦，迈克？ he is headmaster of our school.他是我们学校的校长。5学科和球类运动的名称前如： we study english.我们学习英语。do you like to play football?你喜欢踢足球吗？6. 名词前已有用作定语的this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each等代词时， 不用冠词如： that is her bike. 那是她的自行车。each student in his class studies hard.这个班的每个学生都努力学习。7. 在某些固定词组的名词前如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed 等。小学定冠词和不定冠词练习题1. 在空格内填上 a 或 an1. ear2. actor3. hen4. toy5. university6. elephant7. hat8. umbrella9. rabbit10. idea11. hour12 honest boy13. interesting book14. easy question15. orange dress16 apple pie717 x-ray machine18. ice cream2. 用 a,an,the 或“/”填空1. washington is capital of united states of america. 2.there is ”a”on his paper.3. i ate apple .it s red apple.4. tall man over there is my boss. 5. earth moves aroundsun. 6.no news is good news.7.have you visitedgreat wall? 8.they often playfootball after school.9.children needlove andattention. 10.are there any birds insky?11. student in the third row istallest in our class.12. did you havebreakfast this morning? 13.mr.white will go totokyo byair.14.byway,do you knowold woman in glasses?3. 选择填空1. mom tells her little daughterold story every night.a. ab. /c. and. the2. computer on the table is susans.a. ab. anc. thed. /3. there ismap of the world onwall.map is mine.a. a, a, ab. a, the, thec. the, the, thed. the, the, a84. whites live onfloor.a. /, threeb. a, thirdc. the, thirdd.the, the third5. spring comes afterwinter.a. /, /b.the, /c.the, thed.a, the6.i boughtshoes yesterday.shoes are very beautiful.a. a, theb. a pair of, thec. the, thed. a pair, the pair 7.he wassoldier in the second world war.a. ab. anc. thed. / 8.she can playand.a. the tennis, the guitarb. tennis, guitarc. the tennis, guitard. tennis, the guitar9.i can seemoon andclouds in the sky.a. the, ab. a, ac. the, /d. the, the10. “c”is in “cat. ”“s”is in “sat. ”a. an, anb. an, ac. a, ad. a, an11. tian anmen square is inbeijing.a. /, /b. a, /c. the, /d. /, the12. can you tell menearest bookshop?go straight and turn right at third crossing, and you will see it.a. the, ab. the, thec. a, thed. the, /随堂监测 a 组i. 在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词，不需要的地方用“/”表示：91. this is old map. it is useful map.2. we have no classes in afternoon on saturday.3. spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers second.4. beijing is capital of china. it is beautiful city.5. roman was not built in day.6. chinese is quite difficult language for mike.7. many students will take active part in sports meet.8. there is interesting picture on wall.9. jenny found wallet lying on ground. wallet was mr. blacks.10. which is biggest, sun, moon, or earth?11. - which picture is more beautiful? - one on left, i think.12. - which is way tohospital?- go down this road and turn left onsecond crossing.13. more, better.14. turners are sitting at breakfast table.15. joe hill was fighter for working class.16. when was peoples republic of china founded?17. in china first english textbooks were published in late nineteenth century.18. after breakfast he went to school on foot.19. huanghe river lies in north of china.20. he likes playing football. his sister likes playing piano.ii. 单项选择：101. 上学a. go to schoolb. go to the schoolc. go to a school2.住院a, in the hospitalb. in a hospitalc. in hospital3.此刻a. at the momentb. at a momentc. at moment4.在课堂上a. in classb. in a classc. in the class5. 在地球上a. on earthb. on an earthc. on the earth6. 步行a. on footb. on the footc. on feet7. 吃饭a. at a tableb. at the tablec. at table8. 乘公共汽车a. take busb. by busc. by the bus9. 在家a. at the homeb. at a homec. at home10. 在工作a. at workb. at the workc. at works11. 跳高a. jump highb. high jumpc. the high jump12. 坐飞机11a. by airb. by the airc. on air13.乘火车a. by the trainb. by trainc. on train14.在校学习a. in the schoolb. in schoolc. in schools15.睡觉a. go to bedb. go to the bedc. go to a bed16.感冒a. have a coldb. have the coldc. have cold17.乘船a. by shipb. on shipc. by a ship18.玩得痛快a. have good timesb. have a good timec. have good times19.事实上a. in the factb. in factsc. in fact21.从早到晚a. from morning to the eveningb. from morning to eveningc. from a morning to an evening随堂监测 b 组选择填空1. there is old woman in the car.a. /b. thec. ad. an122. shanghai is in east of china.a. /b. anc. thed. a3. bill is english teacher. he likes playing football.a. a, theb. an, thec. a, /d. /, /4. the museum is quite far. it will take you half hour to go there by bus.a. an, /b. an, ac. a, /d. /, /5. the story is interesting. that means it is interesting story.a. an, theb. the, a.c. /, and. /, a6. let s go for walk, shall we?a. ab. anc. thed. /7. this is interesting story-book and it is also useful one.a. a, ab. an, anc. an, ad. a, an8. woman over there is popular teacher in our school.a. a, anb. the, ac. the , thed. a, the9. they passed our school day before yesterday.a. anb. onec. ad. the10. australia is english-speaking country.a. ab. anc. thed. /11. don t play basketball here. its dangerous.a. ab. anc. /d. the12. this is apple. it s big apple.a. an, ab. a, thec. a, and. an, the13. - have you seen bag? i left it here just now.13- is it one on the chair near the door?a. a, ab. the, thec. a, thed. the, a14. i have blue coat.a. ab. anc. thed. some15. this is orange. orange is on the table.a. a, theb. an, thec. an, and. the, an16. have you had breakfast?a. ab. anc. thed. /17. he wonderedwhenthe doctor couldfinish operation. a.ab. anc. thed. any18. after supper, he stayed at home and played violin.a. the, theb. /, thec. /, ad. /, /19. there is apple on the plate.a. ab. anc. thed. /20. he said that he got “c”in the test.a. ab. anc. thed. /21. new bridge has been built over huangpu river.a. the, ab. a, /c. a, thed. an, an22. english is useful language in world.a. an, theb. a, thec. the, thed. an, an23. in the word“cariage ”“r”is lost.a. theb. anc. ad. /24. with the help of his teacher he studied hard and got “a”in the test.14a. ab. anc. thed. one25. i have two dogs. black one is two years old and yellow one is three years old.a. a, ab. the, ac. the, thed. a. the26. li dan can play piano very well.a. /b. ac. and. the27. what interesting film it is! i like film very much.a. a, theb. a, ac. an, thed. the, /28. tall man over there is our english teacher.a. a, theb. the, ac. a, and. the, /小学英语冠词的用法提高专题精讲及同步练习冠词虽小，只有a，an 和 the 三个，但却是历年各地考试必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空中出现。从命题意图看，以考查不定冠词a 和 an 的用法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。同时考查冠词的各种不同用法。-考查重点冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a 和 an 的用法，定冠词 the 的用法和零冠词的用法等。 其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是历年中考试题考查的热点，也是今后的考查方向。一.冠词概述冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，15但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那，“”这些，“”那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用二.a 和 an 的区别不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式， a 用于辅音 (不是辅音字母 )开头的词前， an 用于元音 (不是元音字母 )开头的词前。例如： a boy ， a university ， a european country；an hour ，an honour ，an island ，an elephant ，an umbrella三.不定冠词的用法1. 泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any ，这是不定冠词a/an 的基本用法。2. 泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。3. 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有 one 强烈。4. 表示“每一，”相当于 every.例如， i go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5. 用在序数词前， 表示“又一，”“再一。”例如，i have three books. i want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6. 用在某些固定词组中： a lot(of) 许多，大量； after a while过一会儿四.定冠词的用法1. 特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：open the window，please. 请打开窗户。3. 指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：i have a car. the car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。4. 指世界上独一无二的事物。例如： which is bigger ， the sun or the earth？哪一个大，太阳还是地球？165. 用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如：the first lesson is the easiest one in this book.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the great wall长城， the united states美国7. 用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor 穷人,the blind盲人8 用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩。”例如： the greens格林一家或格林夫妻俩9. 用在方位词前。例如 :on the left在左边， in the middle of在中间10. 用在乐器名称前。例如：she plays the piano every day.她每天弹钢琴。11. 用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如： the black sea黑海， the yangzi river长江12. 用在某些固定词组中： all the same仍然； all the time一直； at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way 顺便说； do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服； in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上； in the open air在户外，在野外五.零冠词的用法1. 在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，class two 二班， tian an men square天安门广场，water 水2. 可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my ，your ，his ，her等)、指示代词 (this/these ，that/those) 、不定代词 (some ，any 等)及所有格限制时。例如 my book( 正)； my the book( 误)3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如， they are teachers.他们是老师。tigers like meat. 老虎喜欢吃肉174. 在星期，月份，季节，节日前。例如：on sunday在周日， in march 在三月， in spring在春天， on women s day 在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：he joined the army in the spring of 1982.他在 1982 年春季参军。 )5. 在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：tom 汤姆， mum 妈妈6. 在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：i have lunch at school every day.特例： 当 football ，basketball指具体的某个球时， 其前可以用冠词： i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。 where s the football ？那只足球在哪儿？ (指足球，并非“球类运动”)7. 在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：no.25 middle school8. 某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1) 与 by 连用的交通工具名称前： by bus 乘公共汽车； by car 乘汽车； by bike 骑/坐自行车；by train 乘火车；by air/plane 乘飞机；by sea/ship 乘船，但 take a bus ，in a boat ，on the bike 前需用冠词(2) 名词词组： day and night 日日夜夜； brother and sister 兄弟姐妹 ;hour after hour 时时刻刻； here and there 到处(3) 介词词组： at home 在家； in surprise惊奇地； at noon 在中午;on foot 步行； at night 在晚上； on duty 值日； at work 在工作； on time 准时； for example例如； in class 在上课； on show 展览； in bed 在床上(4) go 短语： go home 回家； go to bed 上床睡觉； go to school 去上学； go to work去上班； go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼六.用与不用冠词的差异in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里go to sea出海/go to the sea去海边18on earth 究竟/on the earth在地球上，在世上in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面take place发生/take the place(of)代替at table 进餐/at the table在桌子旁by sea 乘船/by the sea在海边in future 从今以后，将来 /in the future未来go to school(church)上学(做礼拜)/go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去on horseback骑着马/on the horseback在马背上two of us我们当中的两人 /the two of us我们两人 (共计两人 )out of question毫无疑问 /out of the question不可能的，办不到的next year明年/the next year第二年a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家 (一个人 )/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)七、例题剖析例 1.he gave my sister useful book yesterday.a. anb. ac. /d. the【答案】 b useful 的第一个音素为 ju故选 b。例 2.my brother is honest boy ， so he has many friends.a. ab. anc. thed. /【答案】 b honest的第一个音素为元音。例 3.more college graduates would like to work inwest part of country next year.a. the; theb. /; /c. /; thed