经典课件高中英语定语从句.ppt

WelcomeToOurClass TheAttributiveclause Grammar TeachingAims LearnthebasicconceptsaboutattributiveClause2 Learnhowtochoosethecorrectrelativepronounsandproverbs Underlinetheattributiveclauses Don tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned Treasurethethingsthatyoucan tget Don tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory 曾经拥有的 不要忘记 不能得到的 更要珍惜 属于自己的 不要放弃 已经失去的 留作回忆 在复合句中 修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 充当 使用 形容词 Don tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyou 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks 先行词 关系副词 定语从句 被定语从句限定的词是 引导定语从句的词叫做 或 先行词 关系代词 关系副词 关系词的作用 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用 连接定语从句和主句 2 替代前面的先行词 3 在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分 连接 替代 做成分 relativepronoun who whom which that as whose 定语从句三步法 1 找出先行词2 看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能 作什么成分 主语 宾语 定语或状语 3 选择合适的关系词 考点一 that和which 以下情况 引导词用that 不用which 1 先行词为不定代词everything little much all anything nothing none few时 3 先行词前有形容词最高级 序数词修饰时 先行词被all any every little much no some theonly thevery thelast修饰时 2 先行词同时指人和指物时 4 在以which who为疑问词的特殊疑问句中 1 Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool A whichB thatC itD whom2 Thereisnodictionary youcanfind A thatB whichC whereD inthat 3 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A itB C whichD that 4 Whichwasthehotel wasrecommendedtoyou A whereB whichC thatD it 先行词为人和物的组合 先行词被all little much every no 等修饰时 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰 先行词前有序数词 thefirst 形容词最高级 thebest thelast thevery theonly等时 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词不要再用who which 而用that 考点二 以下情况只能用which引导定语从句 1 引导非限制性定语从句时 其先行词可是一个词 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分 3 句子中同时有两个定语从句 其中一个已经用了that引导时 2 先行词是物 紧接在介词后面时 介词 关系代词 定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用 缺少也不会影响全句的理解 在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开 Thehouse whichIboughtlastyear hasalovelygarden HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant whichgreatlyupsetsme 注意 整个主句作为先行词 谓语动词用第三人称单数 Theschool heoncestudiedisveryfamous 介词 关系代词引导的定语从句 注意 1 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用 如 lookfor lookafter takecareof等Thisisthewatch which that Iamlookingfor 2 若介词放在关系代词前 关系代词指物时只能用which 指人时只能用whomThemanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend Theschool heoncestudiedinisveryfamous Theman whom youtalkedwithismyfriend that which inwhich where 考点三 关系代词as的用法 一 as引导限制性定语从句主句中thesame as such so修饰先行词 as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语 有 如 似 正像 的含义主要结构有 thesame as as as such as so as Don ttrustsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface 指人 作主语 Wehavearrivedatthesameconclusionastheyhave 指物 作宾语 Thisisthesamepen Ilostyesterday A asB thatC theoneD A B D 比较 thesamepenasIlost thesamepenthatIlost 很像 不一定就是 就是我不见的那支笔 thesame as表示同一类人或物 thesame that指同一个人或物 二 引导非限制性定语从句 as引导非限制性定语从句 指代整个主句内容 从句可置于句首 句中或句尾Aseveryoneknows Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory Theearth asweknow movesroundthesun Tomworkshardandiswillingtohelpothers asweallknow 非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时 常用as做主语besaid known announced reported mentioned expected discussedGrammar ashasbeensaidbefore isnotasetofdeadrules Asisknowntoall TaiwanispartofChina 注意 which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后 Tomsuddenlyfellill whichmadeussad 考点四 whose用法 既可以修饰指人也可以修饰指物的先行词 关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格 例 DoyouknowanyonewhosefamilyisinXi an Thehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisempty DoyouknowanyonethefamilyofwhomisinXi an DoyouknowanyoneofwhomthefamilyisinXi an whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhich whom ofwhich whomthe 名词 注意 of不具有所属关系时 不能用whose Shewouldliketoreadthenovelofwhichagreatnumberofpeoplehaveheard 考点五 way后面的定语从句 way后面的定语从句作状语的引导词有 inwhich that或不填 如 Irecognizedhe sfromAustraliafromtheway hespeaks inwhich that 不填 填上合适的关系词并分析原因 1 Theway heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand 2 Theway heexplainedtouswasquitesimple that which 不填 that inwhich 不填 缺状语 缺宾语 缺少主语或宾语 引导词用that which 不填 缺宾语时 主语宾语都不缺 引导词用that inwhich 不填 Relativeadverb when where why time place reason 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 关系副词 介词 关系代词why forwhichwhere in at onwhichwhen during on in which 介词同先行词搭配 Thisisthehouseinwhich whereIlivedlastyear Thisisthereasonforwhich whyhewaslateforschool That sthedayonwhich whenImethiminthestreet Summary 先行词充当 或 则用关系代词 先行词充当 则用关系副词 that who whom which as whose where when why 主语 宾语 定语 状语 1 I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether 2 I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether 3 Iwenttotheplace Iworkedtenyearsago 4 Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago when inwhich which where inwhich 几种易混的情况 及物动词 及物动词 which 5 Thisisthereason hewaslate 6 Thisisthereason hegave why forwhich that which 及物动词 1 a Isawsometrees andtheleavesof wereblackwithdisease b Isawsometrees theleavesof wereblackwithdisease 2 a Theprofessorisalittleman onthenoseof thereisapairofglasses b Theprofessorisalittleman andonthenoseof thereisapairofglasses 解题点拨 是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键 them whom which him 高考考点 易混句型 定语从句与并列句 定语从句练习 Tom fatherworksasamanagerismybestfriend A whoseB thatC whoD where2 weexpected theweatherturnedouttobeverygoodA whatB whichC thatD as 3 Pleasetakethesecondchair isoverthere A whereB whichC whoD that 4 Idon tlike youspeaktoher A thewayB thewayinthatC thewaywhichD thewayofwhich5 Doyouknowtheman A thatIspokeB IspoketoC towhoIspokeD whomIspoke 6 Thisisoneofthebestfilmsthisyear A whichhasbeenshownB thathavebeenshownC thathaveshownD havebeenshown7 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows mostof hadn tbeencleanedfortenyears A theseB thoseC thatD which 专题专练 1 Doyouthinksuchaplace youspeakofisworthvisiting HepromisedtocometoseemeonpurposeonSunday Idoubtverymuch Thereisalakenearourschoolyard depthisoutofyourexpectation Doyouhaveanythinginmind you dlikeforsupper Well anythingisOkforme 5 Thehousein heusedtolivehasturnedintoalibrary as which whose that which thelake s 6 Studentsinourschool mostof arefromthesouthofChina enjoyriceverymuch 7 Canyouthinkofasituation thisidiomisused 8 isof