建筑学专业英文词汇

建筑专业英文词汇1建筑面积 construction 2建筑用地 building land 3容积率 volume ratio4绿地率green rate5室外透视效果图outdoor perspective renderings 6室内透视效果图interior perspective renderings 7一层平面layer plan8二层平面second floor flat 9剖面section10 正北面 is north11 正南面 is south12 正东面 is east13 总平面图 general plan14 构图分析 composition analysis 15 设计理念 design ：16 设计说明 design notes:17 图纸 drawing18. 主入口大门 /岗亭(车行&人行 ) main entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )19. 次入口 /岗亭 (车行&人行) 2nd entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle& pedestrian )20. 商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr.21. 水景water feature22. 小型露天剧场mini amphi-theatre23. 迎宾景观 -1 welcoming feature-124. 观景木台timber deck (viewing)25. 竹园bamboo garden26. 漫步广场walkway plaza27. 露天咖啡廊out door cafe28. 巨大迎宾水景-2 grand welcoming feature-229. 木桥timber bridge30. 石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台rockscape waterfalls grotto/ viewing terrace31. 吊桥hanging bridge32. 休憩台地 (低处) lounging terrace (lower )33. 休憩台地 (高处) lounging terrace (upper )34. 特色踏步feature stepping stone35. 野趣小溪river wild36. 儿童乐园childrens playground 37 旱冰道slide38. 羽毛球场badminton court39. 旱景dry landscape40wood and metal fences木头和金属栅栏41aesthetic considerations审美方面的考虑42climate zones气候带43collected rainwater收集起来的雨水44cold寒带45ecological impact生态影响46exotic plant species外来植物物种47garden pool花园游泳池48landscape planning景观规划49natural resources自然资源50monolithic pavement整体路面，整体铺装51package plants丛生植物52plants, herbaceous草本的植物53private garden私家花园54regional commercial地区性商业55recycled water循环水56 区域规划分析图；district planning analyse drawing 57 总平面图； overall plangeneral layout ;site plan ;siteplan58 交通组织分析图；traffic organization analyse drawing 59 建筑平面图； architechtural plan60 建筑立面图； architechtural elevation drawing 61 建筑剖面图： architechtural section drawing62 建筑内部流线分析图；architechrural interior flown line analyse drawing 63 鸟瞰图 aerial view65 流线图 circulation drawing；streamline chart 66 透视图 : rendering67 外观及主要功能区的透视图outlooking and key functional districts scenograph68 正立面透视图the scenograph of vertical plane目录a. design basis设计依据b. design stage设计阶段c. climate condition气象条件d. general room name常用房间名称e. roofing & ceiling屋面及天棚f. wall(cladding)墙体 (外墙板 )g. floor & trench地面及地沟h. doors、 glass 、windows & ironmongery(hardware)门、玻璃、窗及五金件i. staircase、landing & lift(elevator)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. building material words and phrases建筑材料词汇及短语【 bricks and tiles砖和瓦】【lime, sand and stone灰、砂和石】【cement, mortar and concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【facing and plastering materials饰面及粉刷材料】【asphalt (bitumen) and asbestos沥青和石棉】【timber木材】【metallic materials金属材料】【non-ferrous metal有色金属】【anti-corrosion materials防腐蚀材料】【building hardware建筑五金】【paint油漆】k. other architectural terms其它建筑术语【discipline专业】【conventional terms一般通用名词】【architectural physics建筑物理】【name of professional role职务名称】【drafting制图】a. design basis设计依据计划建议书planning proposals 设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data原始资料original data设计进度schedule of designb. stage of design设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study 初步设计 preliminary design 基础设计 basic design详细设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图as built drawingc. climate condition气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大 (平均 )风速 maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大 (平均 )降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane 台风typhoon 旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period 冰冻线frost line 冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure 相对湿度relative humidityd. general room name常用房间名称办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室 (正式 ) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间h.v.a.c room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area 会计室accountant room 秘书室secretary room 电气室electrical room 控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear 前室antecabinet (ante.) 生产区production area 马达控制中心mcc多功能用房utility room 化验室laboratory room 经理室manager room 披 屋(阁楼 ) penthouse 警卫室guard housee. roofing and ceiling屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy 屋脊roof ridge 坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(r.w.p)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水 interior drainage 外排水 exterior drainage 滴 水 drip屋面排水roof drainage 找平层leveling course 卷材屋面built-up roofing 天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板 (窗帘盒 ) cornicef. wall (cladding)墙体(外墙板 )砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall 内墙internal (interior) wall 填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (d.p.c)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint 沉降缝 settlement joint 抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚 (基座 ) plinthg. floor and trench地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth 炉渣夯实 tamped cinder 填 土 filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (r.c slab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做 2坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trenchh. doors,glass,windows & ironmongery(hardware)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door 旋转门revolving door 玻璃门glazed door 密闭门air-tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door防火门fire door(大门上的 )小门 wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主 ) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window 空腹钢窗hollow steel window 固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页 (铰链 ) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge闭门器 door closer 地弹簧 floor closer 插 销 bolt门锁door lock拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass 夹丝玻璃wire glass 透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃 (磨砂玻璃 ) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass 着色玻璃pigmented glass 玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glassi. staircase, landing & lift (elevator)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder 直爬梯vertical ladder 踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/ 货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaftj. building material words and phrases建筑材料词汇及短语bricks and tiles砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick 地板砖flooring tile 缸砖clinkery brick 马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement sheet lime, sand and stone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite 水磨石terrazzo 卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand 中砂medium sand 细砂fine sandcement, mortar and concrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥 (普通硅酸盐水泥) portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆 (混合砂浆 ) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete 泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete 炉渣混凝土 cinder concretefacing and plastering materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰lath and plasterasphalt(bitumen) and asbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic 沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum 石棉板asbestos sheet石棉纤维asbestos fiber timber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage 翘曲warping 原木log圆木round timber 方木square timber 板材plank木条batten 板条lath 木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak 榴木willow 榆木elm 杉木cedar 柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐处理的木材preservative-treated lumber胶合板plywood三( 五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bamboometallic materials金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbbar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel 型钢steel section (shape) 槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢i-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange i-beam丁( 之)字钢t-bar (z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steel shape热轧hot-rolled 冷轧cold-rolled 冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar 光圆钢筋plain round bar 钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe 焊接钢管welded steel pipe 黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire 钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel non-ferrous metal有色金属金 gold白金platinum铜 copper 黄铜brass 青铜bronze银 silver铝 aluminum铅 leadanti-corrosion materials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯pvc (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester 橡胶内衬rubber lining 氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆 epoxy resin paint 氧化锌底漆 zinc oxide primer 防锈漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint 耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint 水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆 resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin building hardware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt 高强螺栓high strength bolt 预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer paint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil 稀释剂thinner 焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, chinese wood oil红丹red lead 铅油lead oil 腻子puttyk. other architectural terms其它建筑术语discipline专业建筑architecture 土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风h.v.a.c (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting 电讯telecommunication 仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power 工艺process technology 管道pipingconventional terms一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style 民用建筑civil architecture 城市建筑urban architecture 农村建筑rural architecture 农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building 重工业的heavy industrial 轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type 模数制modular system 单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion 防潮dump-proof 防水water-proof 防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume 人流量pedestrian volume 透视图perspective drawing 建筑模型building modelarchitectural physics建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting光强light intensity侧光side light 顶光top light 眩光glaze方位角azimuth 辐射radiation 对流convection 传导conduction 遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature恒湿constant humidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proofname of professional role职务名称项目经理project manager (pm)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer 机械工程师mechanical engineer 计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer 专家specialist, expert 制图员draftsman技术员technician drafting制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards and specification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale平面示意图schematic plan of.平剖面图sectional plan of.留孔平面图plan of provision of holes剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation 背立面back elevation 详图detail drawings 典型节点typical detail 节点号detail no.首页front page图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram 流程示意图flow diagram 标准图standard drawing布置图layout of .地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial no.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line 虚线dotted line 实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line轴线axis等高线contour line 中心线center line 双曲线hyperbola 抛物线parabola切线tangent line尺寸线dimension line园形round 环形annular 方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形triangle 五角形pentagon 六角形hexagon 八角形octagon 梯形trapezoid 圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面para