初中英语常用动词归纳

,中学英语时态,一般现在时,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 常用时间状语 ： usually,sometimes,in spring, every day,in the morning 动词构成 ：动词原型. work 动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成 ： dont+动原 doesnt+动原 一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语+动原+其它？ Yes,I do. Does+主语+动原+其它？ No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问举例 ：What do you often do on Sunday?,一般现在时的用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 I leavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 Theearthmovesaroundthesun. ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3)表示格言或警句中。 Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。 4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Idontwantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup. Iamdoingmyhomeworknow. 注意： start,leave,go,come等的一般现在时可表示按 规定要发生的未来动作，如列车将离开。,( ) 1 -_ they often _ these old men? -Yes, they_. A. Do; help; are B. Are; helping; are C. Do; help; do D. Are; helped; are,( ) 2 They usually _ TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches ( ) 3The sun _ in the east and_ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set,练习,C,A,C,现在进行时 用法：说话时正在进行的动作,前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语 ：now,these days 动词构成 ： am/is/are+现在分词(-ing) am/is/are working否定构成 ： am/is/are+not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+ 其它？Yes,I am(he is.) No,they arent特殊疑问举例：What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there?注意：go, come, leave, arrive, return, die等的进行时可表示即将要发生的动作.有时表示即将发生的动作。,现在进行时的基本用法：a.表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you. b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.c.表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩. You are always changing your mind.,( ) 1 _ you _ your homework now? A. Do; doing B. Are; doing C. Were; doing D. Does; do ( ) 2 _ your mother _ shopping at the moment? A. Are; doing B. Is; doing C. Is; taking D. Are; taking ( ) 3 _ the children _ the radio? A. Is; listening B. Is; listening to C. Are; listening to D. Are; listening,练习,B,B,c,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成: 1,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词以work为例:will/shall work am/is/are going to work am/is/are(about) to work am/is/are coming/leaving,一般将来时,否定构成：will/shall not am/is/are not特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow? When are we going to have a class meeting?备注：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。,一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first. Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。 c. 有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 3)be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用,一,( ) 1 Look at the clouds. _. A. Its going to rain B. Itll be raining C. It will be rained D. If it rains( ) 2There_ two English films next week. A. is going to be B. are going to have C. will have D. are going to be( ) 3 There is going to_ a volleyball match on our school playground. The match is going to_ at six this evening. A. have; be B. be; have C. be; be D. have; have,练习,A,D,B,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation(解放)，when 等引导的含过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed） 如：worked/used to work否定构成：didnt+动原 如:didnt work/used not(didnt use) to work一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ 特殊疑问句举例：What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注：He has opened the door. （表示过去“开门”的动作对现在的影响是门还开着）He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),一般过去时,一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 Wheredidyougojustnow? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet. WhenevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.,( ) 1 _ here and ask him about it yesterday? A. Did you come B. Would you not go C. You didnt come D. Arent you go( ) 2 _ he _ a good time last Sunday? A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have( ) 3 The students hardly studied the English language, _ they? A. did B. didnt C. were D. werent,练习,A,D,D,用法: 1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作， 强调对现在的影响. 2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：already, just, never, before, recently,in the past few years,ever,so far,since+过去的点时间,for+段时间动词构成：have/has+过去分词(-ed) have/has worked否定构成：have/has not+过去分词一般疑问构成： Have/Has+主语+过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：What have you done recently? How long has he lived in Beijing?备注：暂时性动词不能与for, since,How long等 表示段时间 的短语同时使用。,现在完成时,现在完成时的基本用法：1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词:already(用于肯定句)、yet(用于否定句)、ever、never、just、before等。I have already seen the film.Has she finished cooking yet？2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。标志词：for+一段时间，since+点时间，since+一段时间+ago, since+从句 for five years Miss zhao has taught maths since 2005 since five years ago,3.瞬间动词：一时的动作，不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。begin. go. come. leave. buy. arrive. give. find. join. die.,比较过去时与现在完成时 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,( ) 1 _ you _ the novel that I lent you last week? A. Did; finish B. Have; finished C. Are; finished D. Do; finish ( ) 2 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977. A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came ( ) 3 They are late. The film _ for five minutes. A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. began,A,A,C,用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time, at ten oclock yesterday或when引导的从句动词构成： was/were+现在分词(-ing)否定构成： was/were not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答举例: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？ Yes,I was No,I wasnt特殊疑问句举例： What were you dong this time yesterday? Where was he standing when the teacher came in?,过去进行时,( ) 1 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday? A. Did; watch B. Are, watching C. Were; watching D. Do; watch( ) 2 The scientist_ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday. A. was taking B. would take C. took D. was taken( ) 3 What _ from nine to ten last night? A. did yo