华为常用新命令及基础实验.doc

常 用 计 算 机 命 令 PCA login: root ；使用root用户 password: linux ；口令是linux# shutdown -h now ；关机# init 0 ；关机# logout# login# ifconfig ；显示IP地址# ifconfig eth0 netmask ；设置IP地址# ifconfig eht0 netmask down ; 删除IP地址# route add 0.0.0.0 gw # route del 0.0.0.0 gw # route add default gw ；设置网关# route del default gw ；删除网关# route ；显示网关# ping # telnet ；建议telnet之前先ping一下华 为 交 换 机 命 令Quidwaysuper password 修改特权用户密码Quidwaysysname 交换机命名 Quidwayinterface ethernet 0/1 进入接口视图Quidwayinterface vlan x 进入接口视图Quidway-Vlan-interfacexip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0Quidwayip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2 静态路由网关Quidwayuser-interface vty 0 4S3026-ui-vty0-4authentication-mode passwordS3026-ui-vty0-4set authentication-mode password simple 222S3026-ui-vty0-4user privilege level 3Quidway-Ethernet0/1duplex half|full|auto 配置端口双工工作状态Quidway-Ethernet0/1speed 10|100|auto 配置端口工作速率Quidway-Ethernet0/1flow-control 配置端口流控Quidway-Ethernet0/1mdi across|auto|normal 配置端口MDI/MDIX状态平接或扭接Quidway-Ethernet0/1port link-type trunk|access|hybrid 设置接口工作模式Quidway-Ethernet0/1shutdown 关闭/重起接口Quidway-Ethernet0/2quit 退出系统视图Quidwayvlan 3 创建/删除一个VLAN/进入VLAN模式Quidway-vlan3port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4 在当前VLAN增加/删除以太网接口Quidway-Ethernet0/2port access vlan 3 将当前接口加入到指定VLANQuidway-Ethernet0/2port trunk permit vlan ID|All 设trunk允许的VLANQuidway-Ethernet0/2port trunk pvid vlan 3 设置trunk端口的PVIDQuidwaymonitor-port 指定和清除镜像端口Quidwayport mirror 指定和清除被镜像端口Quidwayport mirror int_list observing-port int_type int_num 指定镜像和被镜像Quidwaydescription string 指定VLAN描述字符Quidwaydescription 删除VLAN描述字符Quidwaydisplay vlan vlan_id 查看VLAN设置Quidwaystp enable|disable 开启/关闭生成树,默认关闭Quidwaystp priority 4096 设置交换机的优先级Quidwaystp root primary|secondary 设置交换机为根或根的备份Quidway-Ethernet0/1stp cost 200 设置交换机端口的花费SwitchA-vlanxisolate-user-vlan enable 设置主vlanSwitchAIsolate-user-vlan secondary 设置主vlan包括的子vlanQuidway-Ethernet0/2port hybrid pvid vlan 设置vlan的pvidQuidway-Ethernet0/2port hybrid pvid 删除vlan的pvidQuidway-Ethernet0/2port hybrid vlan vlan_id_list untagged 设置无标识的vlan 如果包的vlan id与PVId一致，则去掉vlan信息. 默认PVID=1。所以设置PVID为所属vlan id, 设置可以互通的vlan为untagged.华 为 路 由 器 命 令Quidwaydisplay version 显示版本信息Quidwaydisplay current-configuration 显示当前配置Quidwaydisplay interfaces 显示接口信息Quidwaydisplay ip route 显示路由信息Quidwaysysname aabbcc 更改主机名Quidwaysuper passwrod 123456 设置口令 Quidwayinterface serial0 进入接口Quidway-serial0ip address Quidway-serial0undo shutdown 激活端口Quidwaylink-protocol hdlc 绑定hdlc协议Quidwayuser-interface vty 0 4Quidway-ui-vty0-4authentication-mode passwordQuidway-ui-vty0-4set authentication-mode password simple 222Quidway-ui-vty0-4user privilege level 3Quidway-ui-vty0-4quit Quidwaydebugging hdlc all serial0 显示所有信息Quidwaydebugging hdlc event serial0 调试事件信息Quidwaydebugging hdlc packet serial0 显示包的信息静态路由：Quidwayip route-static interface number|nexthopvaluereject|blackhole 例如：Quidwayip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2Quidwayip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2Quidwayip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2Quidwayip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2动态路由：QuidwayripQuidwayrip workQuidwayrip inputQuidwayrip outputQuidway-ripnetwork 1.0.0.0 ;可以allQuidway-ripnetwork 2.0.0.0Quidway-rippeer ip-address Quidway-ripsummary Quidwayrip version 1Quidwayrip version 2 multicastQuidway-Ethernet0rip split-horizon ;水平分隔Quidwayrouter id A.B.C.D 配置路由器的IDQuidwayospf enable 启动OSPF协议Quidway-ospfimport-route direct 引入直联路由Quidway-Serial0ospf enable area 配置OSPF区域实验一 基本命令实验添加一个交换机，一个计算机，双击交换机，进入终端配置：systempassword:Quidwaysysname S3026 交换机命名S3026super password 111 修改特权用户密码S3026user-interface vty 0 4S3026-ui-vty0-4authentication-mode passwordS3026-ui-vty0-4set authentication-mode password simple 222S3026-ui-vty0-4user privilege level 3S3026-ui-vty0-4quitS3026quitsyspassword:111S3026display currect-configS3026dis currS3026vlan 2S3026-vlan2port ethernet0/2S3026-vlan2port e0/4 to et0/6S3026-vlan2quitS3026dis vlanS3026int e0/3S3026-Ethernet1port access vlan 2S3026-Ethernet1quitS3026dis vlanS3026dis currS3026interface vlan 1 进入接口视图S3026-Vlan-interface1ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0S3026-Vlan-interface1quitS3026ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2S3026ip default-gateway 10.65.1.2S3026dis currS3026save双击小电脑：login:rootpassword:linuxrootPCA root#ifconfig eth0 10.65.1.1 netmask 255.255.0.0rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.2rootPCA root#telnet 10.65.1.2实验二 基 本 VLAN 设 置SwitchAvlan 2SwitchA-vlan2port e0/3 to e0/4 SwitchAvlan 3SwitchA-vlan3port e0/5 to e0/6 SwitchBvlan 2SwitchB-vlan2port e0/3 to e0/4 SwitchBvlan 3SwitchB-vlan3port e0/5 to e0/6 设置计算机的IP为：PCA:10.65.1.1 PCB:10.65.1.2 PCC:10.65.1.3 PCD:10.65.1.4rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.1 通rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.2 不通rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.3 不通rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.4 不通将PCA改接到SwitchA E0/2, PCC改接到SwitchB E0/2rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.3 通(这时都在vlan 1)再改回来:S3026Ainterface ethernet 0/8S3026A-Ethernet0/8port link-type trunkS3026A-Ethernet0/8port trunk permit vlan allS3026Binterface ethernet 0/1S3026B-Ethernet0/1port link-type trunkS3026B-Ethernet0/1port trunk permit vlan allrootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.3 通rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.4 不通rootPCB root#ping 10.65.1.4 通即：PCA和PCC同在vlan 2 是通的。PCB和PCD同在vlan 3是通的。PCA和PCB是不通的。同理PCC和PCD也是不通的。S3026Cinterface ethernet 0/1S3026C-Ethernet0/1port link-type trunkS3026C-Ethernet0/1port trunk permit vlan allS3026Cinterface ethernet 0/8S3026C-Ethernet0/8port link-type trunkS3026C-Ethernet0/8port trunk permit vlan allrootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.3 通rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.4 不通实验三 配置primary VLAN和secondary VLANSwitchAvlan 2SwitchA-vlan2port ethernet 0/5 to ethernet 0/6 SwitchAvlan 3SwitchA-vlan3port ethernet 0/7 to ethernet 0/8 SwitchAvlan 5SwitchA-vlan5port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4 SwitchA-vlan5isolate-user-vlan enable ;vlan5是主vlanSwitchA-vlan5quitSwitchAisolate-user-vlan 5 secondary 2,3 ;vlan2,3是子vlanSwitchBvlan 2SwitchB-vlan2port ethernet 0/5 to ethernet 0/6SwitchBvlan 3SwitchB-vlan3port ethernet 0/7 to ethernet 0/8SwitchAvlan 4SwitchB-vlan4port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4SwitchB-vlan4isolate-user-vlan enable ;vlan4是主vlanSwitchB-vlan4quitSwitchBisolate-user-vlan 4 secondary 2,3 ;vlan2,3是子vlan实验四 静态路由实验PCA:10.65.1.1 PCB:10.66.1.1 PCC:10.68.1.1 PCD:10.69.1.1RouterAinterface ethernet0RouterA-Ethernet0ip addrress 10.65.1.2 255.255.0.0RouterA-Ethernet0undo shutdownRouterA-Ethernet0int e1RouterA-Ethernet1ip addrress 10.66.1.2 255.255.0.0RouterA-Ethernet1undo shutdownRouterA-Ethernet1int s1RouterA-Serial1ip addrress 10.67.1.2 255.255.0.0RouterA-Serial1undo shutdownRouterA-Serial1clock rate 64000RouterA-Serial1quitRouterAip routingRouterAdis currRouterBinterface ethernet0RouterB-Ethernet0ip addrress 10.68.1.2 255.255.0.0RouterB-Ethernet0undo shutdownRouterB-Ethernet0int e1RouterB-Ethernet1ip addrress 10.69.1.2 255.255.0.0RouterB-Ethernet1undo shutdownRouterB-Ethernet1int s0RouterB-Serial0ip addrress 10.67.1.1 255.255.0.0RouterB-Serial0undo shutdownRouterB-Serial0quitRouterBip routingRouterBdis currrootPCA root#ifconfig eth0 10.65.1.1 netmask 255.255.0.0rootPCA root#route add default gw 10.65.1.2rootPCA root#ping 10.65.1.2 通rootPCA root#ping 10.66.1.2 通rootPCA root#ping 10.67.1.2 通rootPCA root#ping 10.68.1.2 不通rootPCA root#ping 10.69.1.2 不通RouterAip route-static 10.69.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.67.1.1rootPCA root#ping 10.69.1.1 通下面再加入一个路由器Router C:RouterB-Serial0undo ip addrress 10.67.1.1 255.255.0.0RouterB-Serial0ip addrress 10.70.1.1 255.255.0.0RouterCinterface serial0RouterC-Serial0ip addrress 10.67.1.1 255.255.0.0RouterC-Serial0undo shutdownRouterC-Serial0clock rate 64000RouterC-Serial0int s1RouterC-Serial1ip addrress 10.70.1.1 25