论文中英文摘要.doc

附件6论文中英文摘要作者姓名：杜雄 论文题目：电力谐波有源补偿新方法的研究作者简介：杜雄，男，1979年10月出生，2003年3月师从于重庆大学周雒维教授，于2005年12月获博士学位。中 文 摘 要电力谐波污染对电力系统稳定、安全、经济运行造成巨大威胁，是影响输变电安全的重要因素之一，电力谐波抑制的研究已成为世界各国的研究重点。有源治理技术是目前电力谐波治理的发展趋势和研究热点。但在现有功率器件发展水平下，有源补偿装置的容量和补偿性能等方面仍有待进一步提高，限制了其在实际工程领域中的应用，导致实验室研究多，实际投运装置少。本论文在国家自然科学基金“单周控制在电力谐波治理中的理论和应用研究(60172009)”，教育部春晖计划“双频控制单相有源电力滤波器的研究”和重庆大学优秀博士论文风险基金“电力谐波有源补偿新方法的研究”等项目的资助下，以提高电力谐波有源补偿装置的容量和性能为目的，提出了双频变换器理论及系列拓扑结构，并重点研究其在有源电力滤波、功率因数校正等电力谐波治理领域中的应用；同时，还提出了三相整流桥直流侧有源电力滤波技术；并对在电力谐波治理中采用的单周控制方法进行了深入研究。论文研究工作主要可以分为以下三个部分。第一部分：双频变换器理论及其应用研究目前在电力谐波治理等一些大功率电力电子应用领域，不仅要求输出功率大，转换效率高，而且要求输出电压电流波形质量好、动态响应速度快。因而提高变换器的效率与性能、容量已成为电力电子领域的矛盾。现有文献中解决这一矛盾的方法主要是采用多变换器组合运行(包括并联运行以及多电平结构)，目前多变换器组合运行中易产生环流、均流、均压，可靠性降低，控制复杂等问题。针对多变换器组合运行中存在的问题，论文的第一部分从变换器理论的角度，提出了一种全新的双频变换器拓扑结构，将高、低两种频率的开关单元有机地统一到一个变换器中，低频部分处理输出功率，高频部分用于提高变换器的稳态和动态性能。从变换器的基本拓扑结构出发，研究了基本双频变换器，并采用拓扑推演的思想，研究出了各种导出型的双频电路结构，形成完整的一簇双频变换器拓扑系列。因为双频变换器是一独立变换器，所以不存在变换器组合运行中的环流、均流、均压等问题，可以在改善系统性能的同时，提高效率，增大功率处理能力。虽然双频变换器是针对电力谐波治理而提出的，在论文中也对双频变换器在有源电力滤波、功率因数校正中得到了很好的应用，但该电路结构同样可以适用于电机驱动、新能源发电、低压大电流电压调整模块等领域。双频变换器为大功率高性能应用领域提供了一种新的解决思路1.提出了基本双频DC-DC变换器系列拓扑结构。首先提出了双频Buck变换器，通过建立其数学模型，从频域和时域的角度证明了双频Buck变换器的稳态和动态性能与单个高频变换器相同，而其效率与单个低频变换器相近。讨论了双频Buck变换器的参数对系统性能的影响及其参数设计原则。提出了双频开关电感3端网络，并利用三端网络的旋转，推演出了基本双频DC-DC变换器。以双频Buck变换器为对象的实验结果表明，效率为95%左右，与工作在高频状态下的单频Buck变换器89%相比，效率提高6个百分点；而二者的稳态和动态输出性能相当。2采用单相桥式变换器的拓扑结构推演方法，提出了Buck型和Boost型2类双频单相桥式变换器，共6种拓扑结构，将双频变换器从能量单向流动的基本双频DC-DC变换器推广到可以工作在电压电流4个象限的能量双向流动的单相桥式结构。同时针对双频单相桥式Boost型变换器在有源电力滤波器中的应用，以及双频单相桥式Buck型变换器在单相逆变器和开关功率放大器中的应用进行了深入研究。3.提出了双频半桥单元，将双频变换器从单相桥式结构推广到三相桥式结构。与前面提出的基本双频DC-DC变换器、单相桥式双频变换器一起形成了一簇比较完整的双频变换器系列拓扑结构。对双频三相桥式变换器在三相功率因数校正、三相有源电力滤波器中的应用进行了理论和实验研究。建立了Boost型双频三相PFC的dq轴系小信号模型，讨论了双频三相APF的参数设计原则。（本部分研究内容提出的双频变换器理论，申请人和导师合作分别于2006、2005年申请成功国家自然科学基金项目“高效率高性能双频变换器理论及其控制”(50677071)、教育部博士点基金项目“双频变换器理论及其应用”(200611012)和重庆市自然科学重点基金项目“新型高效电能变换技术理论及控制研究”(2005BA6017)，发表相关论文9篇。可参考代表性文献：杜雄等，罗全明. 一类基本双频DC-DC变换器，电工技术学报，2006，21(5)，pp:24-28；周雒维，杜雄等，中国电机工程学报，2006，26(6)，pp:68-72；杜雄等，双频三相功率因数校正，中国电机工程学报， 2006，26(11)，pp:109-114。）第二部分：三相整流桥直流侧有源电力滤波技术电力系统中大量使用的三相整流桥装置是产生谐波的主要来源，为了抑制这类谐波，目前普遍采用的三相功率因数校正需要处理全部负载功率，限制了其实际应用；三相有源电力滤波器在电压电流四个象限运行，需要较多的高频功率开关器件，主电路成本高，控制电路复杂，限制了其实用化。本论文第二部分针对工业中大量使用的三相整流桥这一特定谐波源，将有源电力滤波器移到整流桥的直流侧，提出了在三相整流桥直流侧进行有源电力滤波，实现交流侧输入电流谐波治理的新概念。所提出的直流侧有源电力滤波器只需工作在电压电流2个象限，只处理部分功率，减少了高频有源开关数量，降低补偿容量和成本。1.提出了三相直流侧有源电力滤波器的拓扑结构和控制策略，并对该新型直流侧有源电力滤波器的工作原理和控制方法进行了详细的理论分析和实验研究。对同样的整流桥负载进行谐波补偿，论文所提出的三相直流侧有源电力滤波与传统的三相交流侧有源电力滤波器相比，三相直流侧APF具有更小的补偿容量、开关应力，以及更好的补偿效果。定量的分析结果表明：直流侧APF的补偿容量仅为交流侧APF的69.6%，开关应力仅为交流侧APF的24.3%。2.为了进一步减少所提出的直流侧有源电力滤波器中的有源开关数量，用无源元件取代了三个低频双向开关，提出了又一种结构更加简单的谐波注入式的三相整流桥直流侧有源电力滤波器，该结构在进一步减少有源开关数量、降低成本方面具有更大的优势。（本部分提出的三相整流桥直流侧有源电力滤波技术由申请人于2005年申请并获得国家自然科学青年基金项目“三相整流桥直流侧有源电力滤波原理及关键技术研究”(50507020)，并于2006年申请发明专利2件，发表相关论文6篇，该新思想引起国内外同行的极大关注，并开展了专题性报道和跟踪性研究，据不完全统计相关发表论文被引用了30多次。可参考代表性文献：杜雄等，一种改进的单周控制直流侧有源电力滤波器及其稳态和动态研究，中国电机工程学报，2003，23(7)，pp:12-17；杜雄等，直流侧APF主电路参数与补偿性能的关系，中国电机工程学报，2004，24(11)，pp:39-42；杜雄等，一种采用阻抗耦合的三相整流桥有源电力滤波电路，发明专利申请，受理号：200610095395.3，2006.12.31；周雒维，杜雄等. 三相整流桥直流测并联型有源电力滤波器，发明专利申请，受理号：200610095312.0，2006.12.19。）第三部分： 改进的单周控制方法及其在电力谐波治理中的应用20世纪90年代由Smedley和Cuk教授提出而发展起来的单周控制是一种新型电力电子非线性控制方法。由于其控制电路简单，控制效果好，在电力谐波治理领域中的功率因数校正器和有源电力滤波器的控制中得到了广泛运用。虽然单周控制相比其他控制方式而言具有很多优点，但由于其提出和应用的时间较短，所以其理论体系还不是很完善。本部分研究内容针对单周控制在电力谐波治理中的应用，存在的一些共性问题进行了研究。1. 针对三相PFC中积分时间常数的影响，分别讨论了三积分器实现方案与单积分器实现方案中积分时间常数变化对功率因数校正效果的影响，并从开关电压应力和系统稳定性的角度讨论了积分时间常数的确定原则。该结论不仅适用于三相PFC，而且适用于三相APF等具有多个单周控制方程的场合。2. 通过对单周控制三相PFC控制方程推导过程的分析，发现并分析了三相PFC中的相移问题，提出了相应的解决方案。3提出了一种无死区效应的死区设置方案，改变了传统的对死区效应进行补偿的思路，从根本上消除了死区效应，并结合单周控制在三相APF中予以实现。该死区设置方案在所有的PWM桥式变换器中都可以应用，具有很强的工程应用前景。（本部分研究工作是国家自然科学基金项目“单周控制在电力谐波治理中的理论和应用研究”(60172009)的重要组成部分，发表相关论文8篇。可参考代表性文献：杜雄等. 单周控制三相PFC中积分时间常数的影响，中国电机工程学报，2006，26(9)，pp:120-125。）关键词： 电力谐波，有源电力滤波器，功率因数校正，双频变换器，单周控制Study on New Methods of Active Power Harmonic SuppressionDu XiongABSTRACTPower harmonic pollution is a large threat for power system running steadily, safely and economically, and one of the important factors that affect the safety of transmitting and transforming power. Thus, the research on power harmonic suppression has become the focus around the world. Active compensation technology is the trends and research focus of power harmonic suppression. However, the capacity, compensation performanceand other aspects ofactive compensation devices have yet been further improved under the existing development level of power devices, which restricts its application in the field of the practical project and leads to more studies in thelaboratory and fewer devices in field running. This dissertation is funded bythe National Natural Science Foundation project Theory and application research on one cycle control for the powerharmonic suppression(60,172,009), the Chunhui Plans of Education Ministry Research on single-phase APF with double-frequency control , and Chongqing University outstanding doctoral dissertation risk fund Study on new methods of active power harmonic suppression. A series of the circuit structures for double-frequency converter are proposedto improve the capacity and performance of the power harmonic active suppression device. And the application of double-frequency in the field of active power filter, power factor correction, and otherpower harmonictreatment is accentuated. Meanwhile, three-phase DC side active power filter technology for three-phase rectifier bridge is also proposed and one-cycle control method adopted in the power harmonic treatment is studied deeply.The research can be divided into the following three parts.Part I: Theory and application of power converters with double frequencyNot only the high output power and the high conversion efficiency, but also the good quality of the output voltage and current waveforms and the rapid dynamic response speedare required in the power electronics application field of power harmonicsuppression and other high power. Thereby improving converter efficiency,performance and capacity have become contradictions in the field of power electronics. The multi-converter combined operating(including parallel and multi-level structure) is mainly adopted in the existing literature solving that problem, which can easily bring out circulating current, current sharing, voltage sharing，the low reliability, complex control and other problems.A topology structure of power converter with double-frequency is presented in Part I according to the converter theoretical perspective for the problems in the multi-converter combined operating, which unify the high and low frequency switching units into one converter. The low frequency unit processes the output power, while the high frequency unit improves the stable and dynamicperformance of the converter. The basic double-frequency converter is studied based on the basic topology structure of the converter. A variety of derived double-frequency converter structures are developed by the converter topology deducing method, and a list of double-frequency converters are formed. The double-frequency converter is an independent converter, so there is no circulating current, current sharing, voltage sharing and other problems, which can improve the system performance, while enhance efficiency and increase the power handling capability. The double-frequency converter for power harmonic suppression is proposed, which is used well in the active power filter and PFC, but the same circuit structure can be applied in motor drive, new energy generation, low voltage high current voltage regulation modules and other fields. The double-frequency converters supply a new idea for the high-performance application fields.Firstly, a series of the topology structures about the basic DC-DC converter with double-frequency are proposed .The Buck converter with double-frequency is firstly proposed, which of the stable state and dynamic state performances same as a single high-frequency converter are proved from the frequency-domain and time-domain perspective through the establishment of the mathematical model and the efficiency is similar to a single low-frequency converter .The impact of the parameters to the system performance and the design principles of the parameters for the double-frequency Buck converter are discussed. A double-frequency switching inductor three-terminal network is brought out, which of the rotation is used to deduce the basic double-frequency DC-DC converter. The experimental results with double-frequency Buck converter targeting show the efficiency is about 95%, which is higher six percentage points than a single-frequency Buck converter working in the high-frequency state.Secondly, double-frequency single-phase bridge converters of the Buck and Boost types are proposed, a total of six-topology structures, using the method of topology deduction for the single-phase bridge converter. The basic double-frequency DC-DC converter where power flows in one direction can be extended to the single-phase bridge structure where power flows in bi- directions working in the voltage and current four quadrants. Double-frequency single-phase bridge Boost converter in the application of APF, and double-frequency single-phase bridge Buck converter in the applications of a single-phase inverter and switching power amplifier are researched.Thirdly, the double-frequency half-bridge unit is proposed and the single-phase bridge structure of the double-frequency converter is extended to the three-phase bridge structure, which with the basic double-frequency DC-DC converter, the single-phase bridge double-frequency converter together forms a complete series of the double-frequency converter topology structures.Double-frequency three-phase bridge converter in three phase power factor correction, three-phase active power filter are studied theoretically and experimentally. The dq coordination small-signal model of a three-phase dual-frequency Boost PFC is established and the parameter design principles of the double frequency three-phase APF are discussed.(The content of the part is about double-frequency converter theory. The author and his supervisor cooperated and applied successfully a NSF project The theory and control of the highly efficient high-performance dual-frequency converter(50,677,071), a education ministry Ph.D program project “The theory and application of double-frequency converter” (200,611,012), and a Chongqing NSF key project Research on theory and control of new efficient energy conversion(2005BA6017) respectively in 2006, 2005, and 9 papers were published.)Part II: DC side active power filter technology for three-phase rectifierThe harmonic pollution of three-phase diode rectifiers is a main harmonic source for grid. For the harmonic elimination of three-phase diode rectifier, three-phase PWM rectifier is a popular choice. But nearly all of the topologies handle all of the output power. As a result, the switching device has to be fully rated and its application is limited by power losses. The popular shunt active power filter works in four-quadrant, but the control is complicated and the number of switching devices is relatively large.The second part of this dissertation will focus on the research of new harmonic suppression technology especially for this three-phase rectifier load. A new active filter concept is proposed in this part, which is DC side active power filer technology. The DC side APF paralleled at the DC side of rectifier but it can realize the AC input current harmonic compensation. Because of the active filter is on the DC side, the input voltage of this filter is always positive, so the DC active filter works in two-quadrant and the number of high frequency switching devices is reduced, and the ration and cost will also be reduced.Firstly, the topology and control method of parallel three-phase DC side APF are proposed, and detail analysis of its operation is given, also with experiment results. With the same rectifier load, comparing the three-phase DC side APF with the conventional three-phase AC side APF, the former has smaller compensation capacity, switch stress and better compensation effect. The rating is about 70% of the AC side one and the switch stress is only 24.3% of the AC side APF.Secondly, in order to further reduce the number of active switch amount, the three bi-directional switches are replaced by passive components. A simpler topology of three-phase DC side APF with harmonic injection is proposed. This proposed topology has the merit in further reducing switch number and reducing the cost.(The research results of this part has led a successful NSF project proposal “The research of principle and key technologies on three-phase DC side active power filer for rectifier”(50,507,020) for young investigator in 2005, produced two patents on pending and 6 publications.)Part III：The improved one cycle control and its application in power harmonic suppressionOne cycle control is a novel nonlinear power electronics control method proposed by Prof. Smedley and Cuk in 1990s. It is widely applied in power factor correction and active power filer for power harmonic suppression by its virtue of simple control circuit and excellent dynamics. Even one cycle control takes some advantages of other control method, but it is not so perfect for its relative short research and application period.The research work of this part focus on the common problems existed in one-cycle control method for active power harmonic supp