[英语考试]新视野大学英语第一册第一课section b

新视野大学英语,读写教程 第一册,福建师范大学本科课程“优质教学和教案”项目,Unit Section B Key to Successful Online Learning,Reading Skill,Understanding of the Text,For fun,Test yourself,Content,Post-reading Activity,Reading Skill,Finding Out Word Meanings,The section deals with Reading Skills. In this section, we will introduce the important reading skills one by one. You should take care to read the explanation of each specific skill, which has been written in clear, easy-to-understand language. And well use Reading Passages B and C to let you see each skill applied to a particular passage.,Reading Skill,The particular reading skill introduced in this unit will help you to find word meanings through many different ways. In the text we list as many as 9 different ways of finding out a words meaning which you may not be familiar with.,Reading Skill,1）Some sentences set off(mark off) the definition for a difficult word by using punctuation (标点符号).,Example :,The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood, may be long or short, depending on the social and on societys definition.,Reading Skill,ExampleStill other people are not avoiding work; strictly speaking, they are merely procrastinating delaying their work.,2）Sometimes helping words, along with punctuation, provide important clues.,Reading Skill,3）Some sentences tell the opposite of what a new word means. From its opposite, you can figure out the meaning of the word.,ExampleIf we desire to get rid of the slovenliness of our English we can think carefully and clearly before expressing ourselves in it.,Reading Skill,4）Sometimes you can use your own experiences to figure out the definition of a word.,ExampleThey were puzzled to see that the tractor(拖拉机) was followed by about 200,000 women in a parading procession that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.ExplanationAccording to your own experience, “snake”means “move in a long winding line through central Rome（像蛇那样蜿蜒前进）,Reading Skill,5）Sentences before or after a sentence that has a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.,ExampleI had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the students. Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, ,Reading Skill,6）Some sentences are written just to give the definitions of the difficult wordswords that readers will need to know in order to understand what they are reading.,Examplethat I could communicate with many more people than before. Talking with people is one of my favorite activities.,Reading Skill,ExampleToday young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.,7）Because some sentences give examples for a new word, you can build a definition.,Reading Skill,Practice,8）Some sentences use a word you do know to help explain a word you do not know.,ExampleThe medical use of some drugs should be carefully regulated by doctors because they are addictive or habit-forming.,Reading Skill,9）Word part cluesstems(词干) and affixes(词缀) also help to find out word meaning.,Practice,ExampleWith many factors unforeseeable, there is no reason for us to show a sweeping optimism about our plan.,Understanding of the Text,home,Practice,1. expand（L.3）,Metals expand with heat and contract with cold.,v. 膨胀,金属热胀冷缩。,随着年龄的增大，孩子们的兴趣变得更加广泛。,As children grow older, they expand their interests.,v. 扩大，扩张,2.aware（L.3）,become / be aware of+n./ noun phrasebe aware +that clause,Im quite aware of how you feel about this problem.,我很清楚你对这个问题的感受。,I gradually became aware that there was someone in the room.,常用搭配：,我渐渐意识到房间里有人。,3. be open-minded about: keep ones mind open to 从心里乐于接受（L.7）,We are open-minded about any good suggestion associated with the English learning.,对任何与英语学习相关的好建议我们都乐于接受。,My parents are quite open-minded about this subject.,我父母亲对于这个问题相当开通。,Practice,Practice,4.reflect（L.12）,I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.,我仔细反省导致我失败的种种原因。,她觉得需要一些时间来考虑下一步该怎么办。,She felt she needed time to reflect upon what to do next.,reflect on / upon: think deeply about 考虑，认真思考,二者均表示“思索，思考”。think 是一般用语，指某人思考、探求某个问题，以便采取正确的行动。reflect 的语气较强，指某人很冷静，很认真的反复思考某个问题，特别是研究已经发生的事情。如：Think before you act. 先思而后行。On my way home, I reflected on how selfish I had been to act like that. 在回家的路上，我想我那样做是多么自私。,词语辨析： Think & reflect,5. critical（L.15）,It is / was critical that (should) do 做是非常重要的 在本句型中应用虚拟语气。be critical of sth: 对挑剔,跟上网络课程的进度是非常重要的。,It was critical that he (should) keep up with the flow of the online course.,常用搭配：,Dont be critical of him; he is a beginner.,不要对他挑剔，他是个初学者。,6.feel (un)comfortable doing sth.: 感到做某事（别扭）不别扭 (L.15),Because of her easy and sweet manners, many boys feel happy chatting with her.,由于她言谈举止大方而可爱，许多男生感到和她聊天很爽。,(可替代comfortable 的词有：uneasy, happy, content, pleased, delighted等),学生能自如地用英语表达自己的思想是非常重要的。,Practice,It is critical that students (should) feel easy expressing their own ideas in English.,The insight gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.,从这次经历中获得的顿悟赋予我的生活以新的含义。,give sb. (an) insight into sth. 使某人认识了 ( Unit1-A, Book),7. gain insight from sth. / sb.: 从某事中某人那里获得见识顿悟 (L.21),温故知新：,Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. 学习外语不仅使我懂得了艰苦努力的意义，而且使我认识了不同的文化，让我以一种全新的思维方式去看待事物。,8.arise（L.23）,Problems arise when parents and children want to watch different programs.,vi. appear,父母与孩子想看不同的节目时，问题就出现了。,词语辨析：arise & rise,Everyone knows that the sun _ in the east.,每个人都知道太阳会从东方升起。,上周出现了一些看是很难解决的问题。,Some new problems _ which seemed difficult to figure out last week.,面包的价格上涨了15%。,The price of bread has _ by 15%.,arise主要指某事的出现是由于其他事物的存在而产生，两者有密切的因果关系。rise 则指“上升，升起，增加，站起来”。,rises,risen,arose,9. likely（L.40）,Sb. / Sth. is likely to do sth. 某人某事可能做某事。It is / seems likely that (从句) 是可能的。,他可能再来西安时顺便看我们。,Its likely that he will call on us when he comes to Xian.= He is likely to call on us when he comes to Xian.,常用搭配：,likely a. “可能的”， 程度仅次于probable, 表示从表面迹象判断颇有可能，如赢得认同或产生结果等。 possible a. “可能的”， 程度仅次于likely, 只在一定的条件下用可行的方法办到某件事，或是某事物存在或发生的可能性 probable a. “很可能的”， 是这组词中可能性程度最大的词，肯定意味较浓，有足够的根据或理由使人相信。,词语辨析：likely, probable & possible,On the _ outcome of the contest, opinions of the audiences are unanimous. 对比赛的可能结果, 观众的意见是一致的。 His election is _, but not probable. 他的当选是可能的，但把握不大。 He is _ to do something wrong. 他有可能会干坏事。,probable,possible,likely,Practice,10.commit（L.41）,The government committed the special money to this project.,v. 使用，用于,政府给这项工程拨了专门的经费。,每天她都花两个小时上网。,She commits two hours to s