美国1960年青年反战运动

Thesocialmovementsin1960s ThecivilrightsmovementTheyouthmovement anti warmovementThewomen sliberationmovements Whydidthesocialmovementbegin In1960s manyAmericanmenworkedhardtoachievetheirdream TheybelievedtheywerelivingtheAmericanDream Howeverthreegroups Afo American youngpeopleandwomen weredissatisfiedwiththeirlives TheyhadadifferentideaofwhattheAmericansDreamis Backgrounds Asthe1960sprogressed widespreadtensionsdevelopedinAmericansocietythattendedtoflowalonggenerationallinesregardingthewarinVietnam racerelations sexualmores women srights traditionalmodesofauthority andamaterialistinterpretationoftheAmericanDream White middle classyouth whomadeupthebulkofthecounterculture hadsufficientleisuretimetoturntheirattentiontosocialissues Thesesocialissuesincludedsupportforcivilrights women srights andgayrightsmovements andarejectionoftheVietnamWar HippiesbecamethelargestcounterculturalgroupintheUnitedStates Thecounterculturealsohadaccesstoamediaeagertopresenttheirconcernstoawiderpublic Anti warmovement Anti warmovement TheconflictinVietnamresultedinover55 000Americandeathsandproducdalarge scaleantiwarmovementintheUnitedStates Studentsbecameapowerfulanddisruptiveforceanduniversitycampusessparkedanationaldebateoverthewar Asthemovement sidealsspreadbeyondcollegecampuses doubtsaboutthewaralsobegantoappearwithintheadministrationitself AmassmovementbeganrisinginoppositiontotheVietnamWar endinginthemassiveMoratoriumprotestsin1969 aswellasthemovementofresistancetoconscription theDraft forthewar Details Theantiwarmovementwasinitiallybasedontheolder1950sPeacemovement heavilyinfluencedbytheAmericanCommunistParty Butbythemid 1960sitoutgrewthisandbecameabroad basedmassmovementcenteredinuniversitiesandchurches Ifyou reoldenoughtodieforyourcountry you reoldenoughtovote Manyoftheyouthinvolvedinthepoliticsofthemovementsdistancedthemselvesfromthe hippies Theyouthanti war Hell no wewon tgo anti wardemonstratorschanted refusinggovernmentorderstobedraftedintothearmyandfightinVietnam letitallhangout youngpeopleadvisedeachother defyingtheirparents whocontrolledtheiremotionsandtriedtokeeppersonalmattersfrombecomingpublic Introduction Inoctober1964 aCORE theCongressofRacialEquallity organizersatatasmalltableonasidewalkatthecampusoftheUniversityofCalifornia distributinginformationandcollectingmoney Thecampuspoliceanduniversitydeancametohistableinforminghimthatwhathewasdoingwasagainstuniversitypolice Thenhewasarrested Arrestallofus thestudentsspontaneouslysurroundedagainstthepolice Later FreeSpeechMovement beganwithsuccess course Theanti warmovementbecamemoreorganizedasaloosecoalitionofmanyorganizationsandleaderswasformedunderaseriesof MobilizationCommitteestoEndtheWarinVietnam Theorganizationsincludedchurchgroups SNCC thestudentnonviolentCoordinating SDS StudentsforaDemocraticSociety Theirdirectactionstrategiesincludedteach insoncampuses protestmarchesandrallies andattacksonfederalofficestodestroydraftrecords Changes TheHippiescalledthemselvesthe lovegeneration Happinessbecametheironlygoalintheirlife Theirmusicwasdifferentfromanyothermusic andthewordstheysangsoundedrebeilioustoolderpeople Theyworelonghair strangeandcolorfulclothesandmanyoftheyuseddrugs Theywentinhugenumberstorockmusicconcerts Manystudentswere droppingout ofschool Othersleftthecountrytoavoidthearmy Moveon Onekindofprotestwascalleda sit in OthertermsheardintheUnitedStatesincluded theDraft draftdodger conscientiousobjector and Vietnamvet AstheUSgovernmentsentmoretroopstoVietnamandthenumberofwardeathgrew publicfeelingagainstgovernmentpolicygrewsostrongthatPresidentJohnsondecidednottorunforre electionin1968 Stopnow infuence By1991 morethan60 ofpeopleintheUSthoughtthewarinVietnamwaswrongandwantedthewartoend in1973 theUSsignedapeacetreaty Thesocialmovementofthe1960shadastrongeffectonthewaypeoplethinkandact andcausedchangesinmanylaws howevermanyofthesameproblemstheyhopedtosolvearestillmajorproblemsinUSsociety MUSIC WoodstockRockFestival Peace equality anti war BlowinginTheWind BobDylan lyrics HowmanyroadsmustamanwalkdownBeforeyoucallhimamanHowmanyseasmustawhitedovesailBeforeshesleepsinthesandHowmanytimesmustthecannonballsflyBeforethey reforeverbannedTheanswer myfriend isblowinginthewind GivePeaceAChanceIdot twannabeasoldierJohnLennon Movies Countercultureofthe1960s InUS thecountercultureofthe1960sbecameidentifiedwiththerejectionofconventionalsocialnormsofthe1950s Countercultureyouthrejectedtheculturalstandardsoftheirparents especiallywithrespecttoracialsegregationandinitialwidespreadsupportfortheVietnamWar Countercultureofthe1960sFlowerPowerBus ItbeganintheUnitedStatesasareactionagainsttheconservatismandsocialconformityofthe1950s andtheUSgovernment sextensivemilitaryinterventioninVietnam Thesegroupscreatedamovementtowardliberationinsociety includingthesexualrevolution questioningauthorityandgovernment anddemandingmorefreedomsandrightsforwomenandminorities TheUndergroundPress awidespread eclecticcollectionofnewspapersservedasaunifyingmediumforthecounterculture Themovementwasalsomarkedbythefirstwidespread sociallyaccepteddruguse includingLSDandmarijuana andpsychedelicmusic Iteventuallywanedforseveralreasons mainstreamAmerica sdisdainforunrepentanthedonismandconspicuousdruguse thetroublescausedbytheseexcesses thedeathofmanynotablecounterculturalfigures theendoftheVietnamWar andtheendofCivilRightsprotestsfollowingpassageofremediallegislation Thecounterculturecontinuestoinfluencesocialmovements artandsocietyingeneral Lesbian gay bisexual transgendercounterculture TheLesbian Gay Bisexual Transgendercommunity commonlyabbreviatedasthe LGBT community appeared fitsthedefinitionofacounterculturalmovementas aculturalgroupwhosevaluesandnormsofbehaviorruncountertothoseofthesocialmainstreamoftheday MattachineSociety Bytheearly1960s openlygaypoliticalorganizationssuchastheMattachineSocietywereformallyprotestingabusivetreatmenttoward