竞走论文：十一届全运会男子20公里竞走运动员摆动技术的三维运动学研究.doc

竞走论文：十一届全运会男子20公里竞走运动员摆动技术的三维运动学研究【中文摘要】我国女子竞走项目曾多次获得世界冠军乃至奥运会金牌。1992年陈跃玲获得10公里竞走的奥运会金牌,填补了我国奥运史上田径金牌的空白;1999年第七届世锦赛,刘宏宇、王妍两名运动员包揽女子20公里竞走冠亚军,将中国队在这个项目上的优势地位尽显无疑;2000年王丽萍获得了20公里竞走的奥运会金牌,标志着我国女子竞走真正进入世界先进行列。相比之下,我国男子竞走项目成绩一直不佳。2009年之前我国男子竞走队在世锦赛上获得的最好成绩是第四名。柏林世锦赛中王浩以1小时19分06秒的个人最好成绩夺得20公里竞走银牌。王浩取得的这枚银牌是田径锦标赛开赛26年以来,我国男子竞走队获得的第一枚奖牌,是男子竞走队多年来不断努力的结果,标志着我国男子竞走水平上了一个新的台阶。本文的研究从属于田径管理中心的课题,课题组对2009年在山东济南举行的十一届全运会男子20公里竞走的比赛过程进行拍摄。研究选取代表目前我国男子竞走最高水平的六名优秀竞走运动员为测试对象,采用三维运动录像解析法、文献资料法、数理统计法对运动员的摆动技术、摆动与支撑技术的配合、摆动与双支撑技术的配合等方面进行运动学分析,得出以下结论:1.我国男子20公里竞走运动员的上肢摆动技术及上下肢摆动配合技术较为合理;下肢摆动技术有向低平摆动发展的趋势,但于世界水平运动员相比,后摆脚尖离地较高。2.我国男子20公里竞走运动员摆动与支撑配合技术基本符合竞走规范的要求,但是与世界水平运动员相比,在判罚尺度上不占优势。3.我国男子20公里竞走运动员分腿角小于世界水平,个别运动员摆动时机过早,摆动技术不够舒展,双支撑技术仍然是我国竞走技术的薄弱环节。4.我国男子20公里竞走优秀运动员步幅基本接近世界顶尖竞走选手,步频占有一定优势,技术上仍具有“高步频”的风格。【英文摘要】Our women walkers have won several World Championship and Olympic gold medals. Chen Yueling, won the womens 10km walking becoming the first Chinese athlete to strike gold in the Olympics history. Liu Hongyu and Wang Yan, the two shinning stars of Chinas race walking team won the gold and sliver medals in 1999 World Championship in Spain. At the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Wang Liping winning the gold medal in the womens 20km walk race marked woman walking to get to advanced ranks really. But mens race walking is not as good as womens. Wang Hao turned in personal best result of 1:19:06 and won the silver medal in 12th World Championships in Berlin. It is the first medal of mens race walking since the start year of World Championships 26 years ago. It is the result of continuous efforts of men race team, and the sign up a new level.As a part of Athletics Administrative Center project the paper makes a study of swing technique characteristics of six athletes participating in mens 20 kilometer race walking in Jinan National Games in 2009. They represent the top level of our country and their swing technique is investigated as research object. The Three-Dimensional Kinematic Analysis, Literature Survey and Mathematical Statistics are used to do analytical research on swing technique, coordination of swing and supporting technique, and coordination of swing and double supporting technique. The results show that:1. Arms swing and coordination of arms with legs swing basically meets technical requirement. Legs swing technology trends toward low swinging, but the distance from tiptoe to the ground is higher than the advanced world level2. Our man 20 km walkers coordination of swinging with supporting technology accords with the requirement, but has no longer competitive in penalty comparing with world level athletes.3. Our man 20 km walkers dividing leg Angles are less than the world level, individual athletes swinging was ahead of time and do not stretch. Double support technology is still weak.4. The step lengths of excellent national man walkers are close to the top level in the world. The prominent characteristic is the step frequency at a high rate.【关键词】竞走 摆动技术 三维运动学分析【英文关键词】Race Walking Swing Technique Three-dimensional Kinematic Research【目录】十一届全运会男子20公里竞走运动员摆动技术的三维运动学研究中文摘要4-5ABSTRACT51 前言6-131.1 选题依据6-91.1.1 选题背景6-71.1.2 研究意义7-91.1.3 选题目的91.2 文献综述9-131.2.1 竞走技术的发展9-101.2.2 竞走技术的风格10-111.2.3 竞走技术的研究现状11-131.2.4 竞走技术的摆动要求132 研究对象与研究方法13-172.1 研究对象13-142.2 研究方法14-172.2.1 文献资料法142.2.2 三维摄像测量法14-162.2.3 数理统计法16-173 研究结果与分析17-313.1 研究选取的指标及有关名词解释17-183.2 摆动技术的再认识18-203.2.1 时空阶段划分18-193.2.2 研究思路19-203.3 摆动技术的运动学分析20-263.3.1 上肢摆动技