第四章---路由

神州数码SAN网络认证培训课程系列DC BCFP 第四章 路由 Routing RoutingOverview FabricRoutingislogicusedbyaswitchtopassframesfromthesourcedomaintowardthedestinationdomainFC FCRoutingisperformedbyaFibreChannelrouter topassframesfromasourcedeviceinonefabrictowardadestinationdeviceinanotherfabricwithoutmergingthefabricsThismodulefocusesonFabricShortestPathFirst FSPF routingThereisaweb basedtrainingmoduleonFC FCrouting FabricTerminology Inter switchLinks ISLs E Port to E PortlinksCommunicatesusingClassFserviceWillbesegmentediflinkparametersareincompatiblePrincipalSwitchSelectedwhenthefabricinitializes beforeroutingisestablishedManagestheassignmentofuniquedomainIDsProvidestimesynchronizationtoallotherswitchesinthefabricPrincipalISLISLusedtocommunicatebetweenthePrincipalSwitchandotherswitchesinthefabric RoutingTerminology Over subscriptionThepossiblecontentionforbandwidthbydevicesthroughanISLCongestionTheactualcontentionforbandwidthbydevicesthroughanISLISLover subscriptionratioByportcountEasiertocalculate lessaccurate ofDeviceports tothe ofE Ports expressedas15 1 7 1 3 1BybandwidthMoredifficulttocalculate moreaccurate SumofHBAbandwidths tothe SumofISLbandwidths expressedas7 1 3 1LocalityReducingtransmissionlatencybyphysicallyplacinghostsandstoragethatcommunicatefrequentlysuchthatnorouting sameswitch orminimalrouting adjacentswitches isrequiredEasiertomanageinsmallSANsthanlargeorgrowingSANsEasiertomanageinDirectors EightVirtualChannels queues areusedperISLUsedtosolvetrafficcongestionbyinterleavingframesVC0 ClassF LinkControlFramesVC1 ClassTwo ACKSandF RJT Framereject LinkControlVC2thruVC5 DataFramesVC6 MulticastTrafficVC7 BroadcastTraffic OriginalVirtualChannels Pre Condor2 GoldenEye2 SwitchPort VC0VC1VC2VC3VC4VC5VC6VC7 ISL SwitchPort SwitchPort VC0VC1VC2VC3VC4VC5VC6VC7 8Gbit secSwitchandDirectorVirtualChannelModel Condor2 GoldenEye2based DomainID4 DomainID3 DomainID2 DomainID6 DomainID5 DomainID1 PrincipalISL ISL Switch4isthePrincipalSwitch PrincipalISLsareupstreamanddownstream Upstream noneDownstream ports1 7 Upstream port2Downstream ports5 7 Upstream port6Downstream none Upstream port0Downstream none Upstream port0Downstream port5 Upstream port6Downstream none PrincipalSwitchPath SetthepreferredPrincipalSwitchpriorityusingfabricprincipal f 1 v4 xandlater fforcesafabricrebuildafterenablingonaswitchTheselectionprocessisChecktheprioritysettingonallswitchesIfonlyoneisset itbecomesthePrincipalSwitchIfmorethanoneisset theswitchwiththelowestWWNofthesewillbethePrincipalSwitchIfpriorityisequal theswitchwiththelowestWWNbecomesPrincipalSwitchBrocadegenerallyrecommendsthatwhenusingaCore Edgetopology aswitchinthecorebedesignatedasthepreferredPrincipalSwitch particularlyiftheswitchisaSilkWormDirectorRSL SWT121 root fabricshowSwitchIDWorldwideNameEnetIPAddrFCIPAddrName 2 fffc0210 00 00 60 69 80 04 5e10 255 255 1210 0 0 0 RSL SWT121 129 fffc8110 00 00 60 69 80 05 1c10 255 255 1290 0 0 0 RSL SWT129 153 fffc9910 00 00 60 69 50 0d d610 255 255 1530 0 0 0 RSL SWT153 157 fffc9d10 00 00 60 69 51 2d 5710 255 255 1570 0 0 0 RSL SWT157 PrincipalSwitchCommands FSPF FabricShortestPathFirst AuthoredbyBrocadeandnowaFC SW 2standardCalculatesminimumcostpathfromswitch to switchDownloadsroutetablestotheASICsASICroutesswitch to switchframesusinglowestcumulativecostsofallavailabletraversedlinksPathvs RoutePathsEachISLhasametriccostbaseduponbandwidthCumulativecostbaseduponsumofallcostsofalltraversedISLsRoutesPathsselectedforroutingdatabasearetheoneswiththeminimalcost FSFPRoutingPolicies Theroutingpolicyisunidirectionalandresponsibleforselectingaroutebasedononeoftwouser selectedroutingpoliciesExchange basedRoutingPort basedRoutingEachswitchhasitsownroutingpolicyDifferentpoliciescanexistinthesamefabric2Gbit secASICroutingishandledbytheFabricShortestPathFirst FSPF protocolandusesonlytheport basedroutingpolicy4 8Gbit secASICsusetheFSPFprotocolandeitherport basedroutingorexchange basedroutingExchange Basedisdefault FSPFExample Domain3 Domain1 Domain2 5 2 6 1 1 7 11 500 500 500 500 6 FSPFdefaultlinkcosts1000at1Gbit sec500at2Gbit sec500at4Gbit sec1 Port BasedRoutingPolicy TheLinkStatealgorithm FSPF calculatesthecostofeachlinkanddeterminesthelowestcostpathwithineachswitchWithineachswitch theinputportfromthesourceisassignedtoanoutputporttowardthedestination aroute Routesareallocatedviaround robinassignmentChosenroutesareuseduntiloneofthedevicesinthefabricgoesofflineorthefabricchangesChangesinfabric whenDynamicLoadSharingisenabled causeFSPFtorecalculatetheroutesandmayreassigntheoutputporttobetterdistributedevicesacrossequalcostroutesDynamicLoadSharing DLS andIn OrderDelivery IOD options2Gbit secASICssupportonlytheport basedroutingpolicy4Gbit secand8Gbit secASICssupportport basedroutingandexchange basedrouting PortBasedRouting Roundrobinallocatesaroutefromshortestequivalentpathsbasedonlinkcost FSPFdefaultlinkcosts1000at1Gbit sec500at2Gbit sec500at4Gbit sec1 PortBasedRouting cont SourceIDanddestinationdomainareusedtoallocateroutesDevicesareround robinallocatedtoavailableequalcostroutesItispossibletohavecongestion iftoomanyhighI Orequiringdevicesareallocatedtoasingleroute Bandwidth 2 1 2 2 2 9Gbit sec 10PathsEstablishedThroughtheFabric 4 1Gbps 1 1Gbps 2 2Gbps 3 5Gbps 10 2Gbps 8 2Gbps 7 5Gbps 6 2Gbps 5 5Gbps 9 1Gbps S1toallDx S3toallDx S5toallDx S7toallDx S9toallDx S2toallDx S4toallDx S6toallDx S8toallDx S10toallDx PTGROUP s Bandwidth 1 5 5 5 1 3 5Gbit sec PTGROUP s Source Destination Two4Gbit secISLsSx SourceIDDx Destinationdomain Port BasedRoutingandDLS DLSallocatesaroutefromshortestequivalentpathsbasedonlinkcostandbandwidth MoreTrafficonbiggerbandwidthlink 9devicesneedtoshare2PathsestablishedthroughtheFabric BlackPathisa8Gbit secISLw 500metriccostBluePathisa4Gbit secISLw 500metriccostRatioforDLSDistributionis2 1 48 port routing over trunks2 png Exchange basedRouting FramesinanexchangeareidentifiedbycommoncharacteristicscalledframeparametersExchangeframeparametersinclude SID DID OXID Withthispolicy thepathchosenforaningressframeisbasedon FCaddressofthesourcefabricdevice SID forthisframeFCaddressofthedestinationfabricdevice DID forthisframeFCOriginatorExchangeID OXID forthisframeExchange Basedroutinghastwooptions0 APSharedLinkPolicy11 APDedicatedLinkPolicy2 1 2 3 Exchange BasedRoutingandDLS DLSallocatesaroutefromshortestequivalentpathsbasedonlinkcostandbandwidth Exchange basedRouting cont Theexchange basedroutingpolicyusesaninternalhashtoallocateaparticularSID DID OXIDexchangetoanISLExchangesareallocatedproportionaltothebandwidthavailableoneachoftheroutesAllsequencesofframeswithinaSID DID andOXIDexchangewilltraverseanassignedISL S1OX1toD1 S3OX1toD2 S2OX1toD2 S4OX1toD3 S1OX2toD1 S2OX2toD2 S3OX2toD2 EachSIDDIDOXIDcouldhavemultiplesequencesofframesmultiplexedoverassignedISL S4OX2toD3 PTGROUP s PTGROUP s Exchange1 Exchange2 Exchange3 Exchangen Two4Gbit secISLsSn SourceIDOXn OriginatorExchangeIDDn DestinationdeviceID Exchange BasedRoutingandDLS DLSallocatesaroutefromshortestequivalentpathsbasedonlinkcostandbandwidth usedforRatioforDLSDistribution AsingledevicesharestwoequalcostPathsestablishedthroughtheFabric BlackPathisa8Gbit secISLBluePathisa4Gbit secISLRatioforDLSDistributionis2 1 48 port based routing3 png RoutingPolicySelection Theaptpolicy1commandisusedtochangeroutingpoliciesonSilkWorm4Gbit secswitchesswitch admin aptpolicyCurrentPolicy 33 DefaultPolicy1 PortBasedRoutingPolicy3 ExchangeBasedRoutingPolicySwitchmustbedisabledbeforeusingaptpolicywithanoperandtosetadifferentpolicyswitch admin switchdisable aptpolicy1Policyupdatedsuccessfully DisplayRoutingInformationOverview Pathsandlinkconnectionscanbeverifiedusingswitchshow fcping andpathinfoTheFSPFprotocoldeterminesroutingonalocalbasisFabrictopologyinformationisknownateveryswitch displayedwithurouteshow topologyshow otherroutehelpcommandsNoglobal edge to edgeroutingtableismaintainedForalistingofroute relatedcommandsuseroutehelp fcpingCommand UsedinFibreChannelnetworkstoverifyconnectivitySendsaFibreChannelExtendedLinkService ELS EchorequesttotwoN Ports NL Ports sourceanddestination Sourceanddestinationportidentifierscanbespecifiedas24 bitFibreChanneladdress 0 x0a0100 PortWorldWideNamesNodeWorldWideNamesCanusethiscommandtoperformazoningcheckbetweenthesourceanddestinationWhenadevicedoesnotrespondtotheELSEchorequest furtherdebuggingisnecessarytounderstandthepathstatusIfthisisduetothedevicenotsupportingthisELSEchorequest themessagereturnedmaynotpointdirectlytothesourceordestinationdevice DonotassumethatthedeviceisnotFCconnecteduntilyouhavelookedattheresultsfrompathinfoandnsallshow fcpingExample SendsFibreChannelExtendedLinkService ELS Echorequeststoapairofports Thischeckszoningandlinkconnectivity Examplefromsource1todestination4using24 bitaddressportidentifier PID Domain20 Domain10 1 3 4 5 2 6 1 7 9 10 1 2 4 6 5 8 SW10 admin fcping0 x0a01000 x1400e2 pathinfo YoucandisplayroutingandstatisticsinformationbetweenasourceportandadestinationportwiththepathinfocommandGathersinformationonaspecificdatapath nottheentirefabricCantracktheforwardpathorthereversepathCanspecifyasequenceofdomain portpairsthroughwhichthepathmustpass maynotbethesamepathastheroute Foreachhop candisplaythefollowinginformation Routingdata Hopcount inputport switchdomainIDandname outputport bandwidthofoutputISL linkcostBasicstatisticsdata Bytes second oftimewithzeroTxcreditsExtendedstatistics Frames second totalwords frames anderrorsIfexchanged basedpolicyisineffect subsequentexchangesmightnottakethesamepathasdisplayedinthepathinfooutput pathinfo cont Examplepathinfooutputshowingforwardandreversepathsfromlocaldomain20todomain10rsl1 st11 b5100 1 admin pathinfo10 rTargetportisEmbeddedHopInPortDomainID Name OutPortBWCost 0E20 rsl1 st11 b5100 1 816G5001810 rsl1 st11 b300 1 E Reversepath2E10 rsl1 st11 b300 1 816G5003820 rsl1 st11 b5100 1 E topologyshowv4 x v5 x v6 x rsl1 st11 b5100 1 admin topologyshow2domainsinthefabric LocalDomainID 20Domain 10Metric 500Name rsl1 st11 b300 1PathCount 2Hops 1OutPort 8InPorts 0TotalBandwidth 8 000Gb