综英3-Unit2--The-Company-Man.ppt

Unit2 TheCompanyManEllenGoodman TeachingSchedule 1 1Pre readingquestions1 2WordsandExpressions1 3TextStudy2 1TextStudy2 2Sum upofthetext3 1Exercises Whatisaworkaholic Aworkaholicisapersonaddictedtowork Thisaddictionmaybepleasurabletothevictimoritmaybeburdensomeandtroubling Workaholismisbelievedtobeadisease akintoobsessivecompulsivedisorder Thecauseofworkaholismisthatprofessionalachievementsaretiedupwithself image Groupwork discussionWhatpressuresdoyouthinkarecompanystaffunder Nameafewofthem 1 Pressurefromwork notenoughrest endlessworktofulfillevenonholidays 2 Pressurefromcompetitionofnewstaff competentnewcomersinthecompanybringaboutgreatpressureforthepresentones 3 Pressureofone sownfurtherdevelopment thesecausepressureandmakessomewhite collarworkersworried Someevenrechargethemselveswhileworking 4 Pressurefromfeeling unsatisfyingproblemsinfamily Somearefacedwithdivorce marriage remarry Alltheseimposepressures becausetheymakeitdifficulttoconcentrateonone swork 5 Pressurefrominterpersonalrelationship officephilosophy 1 Workwhileyouworkplaywhileyouplay thisisthewaytobecheerfulandgay 2 Neverputofftheworktilltomorrowwhatyoucanputofftoday 今日事 今日毕 3 AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy 只会用功不玩耍 聪明孩子也变傻 expressions 4 Worksmarter notharder 更有技巧地工作 而不是更努力地工作5 Workhasabitterrootbutsweetfruit Germanproverb工作虽苦 果实却甘 德国谚语6 Manyhandsmakelightwork 众人拾柴火焰高 人多好办事 7 Workmakestheworkman 熟能生巧 TypeA TypeBPersonality FriedmanandRosenman 1959 conductedstudiesonthelinkbetweenstressandheartdisease OneoftheoutcomeswasthediscoveryofTypeAandTypeBpersonalities TypeA stressjunkies Characteristics impatient excessivelytime conscious insecureabouttheirstatus highlycompetitive hostileandaggressive andincapableofrelaxation Highlyachievingworkaholicswho withmulti tasksatoncedrivethemselveswithdeadlines andareunhappyaboutthesmallestofdelays ItisassumedthatTypeApeopletendtohavemoreriskofheartdiseasethanTypeBpeople TypeB Youprobablyknowpeoplewhojustseemedtoberelaxedpeoplewhodon tgetangryoften theyarepatientandeasy going thesearethecharacteristicsofaTypeB TypeOTypeOBloodpeoplearesaidtosetthemoodforagroupandtotakeontheroleofcreatingharmonyamongitsmembers Theirimageisoneoftakingiteasy ofbeingpeacefulandcarefree Theyarealsothoughttobebig heartedandbenevolent andtheytendtospendmoneyonothersgenerously Pre readingQuestions Doyouliketobea whitecollar inthefuture Howdoyouthinkofthiskindoflife Howimportantdoyouthinkworkistoaperson Howtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandleisure Whatdoyouthinkisanideallife WordsandExpressions 1 workaholicn alcoholic marijuanaholicDoyouknowanyworkaholicaroundyou Deathfromoverwork knownas karoshi hassteadilyincreasedsincetheHealthMinistryfirstrecognizedthephenomenonin1987 过度工作造成的死亡 即 过劳死 从1987年日本厚生省首次认定这一现象开始 一直在稳步增长 Fordeathsnotdesignatedkaroshi thefamilygetsnexttonothing 如果死亡不被认定是过劳死 受害者的家庭得不到任何东西 OriginWayneOates aprofessorofpsychologyofreligionatSouthernBaptistTheologicalSeminary However itwastheappearanceofOates sbookConfessionsofaWorkaholicin1971thatpropelledthattermandpromptedmanywriterstostartusingthesuffixes aholic holic or oholictodescribe all consumingobsessions notallofthemsoserious Someproverbsaboutwork 1 Workwhileyouworkplaywhileyouplaythisisthewaytobecheerfulandgay2 Neverputofftheworktilltomorrowwhatyoucanputofftoday 今日事 今日毕3 AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy 只会用功不玩耍 聪明孩子也变傻4 Worksmarter notharder 更有技巧地工作 而不是更努力地工作 5 Workhasabitterrootbutsweetfruit Germanproverb工作虽苦 果实却甘 德国谚语6 Manyhandsmakelightwork 众人拾柴火焰高 人多好办事 7 Workmakestheworkman 熟能生巧 holic golfaholic footballaholic basketball oholic bingoholic beerholic alcoholic ice creamaholic hashaholic forhashish ormariholic formarijuana tobaccoholicbook oholic gambler oholic movieoholic teleholic orphone oholic What holicareyou 2 conceivablyinconceivable unimaginableItishardlyconceivablethatthefive year oldboycancalculateasfastasacomputer Conceivably interestratescouldriseveryhighindeed WordsandExpressions 3 executiven Apresidentofacompanyisanexecutive CEO ChiefExecutiveOfficer首席执行官 总裁CFO COO anexecutivebranch行政部门首席财务官 ChiefFinancialOfficer 首席运营官 ChiefOperatingOfficer execute 1 Agovernmentexecutesthedecisionsoftherulingparty fml toputintoeffect carryout2 Thevictim srelativesexpectedtoexecutethemurder toputtodeath especiallybycarryingoutalawfulsentence 4 surviveThecompanymanissurvivedbyhiswife Helen whoisforty eightyearsold Thewifesurvivedherhusbandby10years 译 据说四川有个学校的学生在大地震中无一伤亡 ItissaidthatallthestudentsinaschoolsurvivedthemajorearthquakehappeninginSichuan WordsandExpressions 5 boardv n Theoldmanisverykindandboardsfivestudentsfrompoverty strickenfamilies Weonlyboardthereonceinawhile Theboardofdirectorswillmakethefinaldecision Nowit stimetogetonboard WordsandExpressions 6 widown 寡妇widower鳏夫7 deceasedthedeceasedwife father8 lineupAreyouinfullexpectationofthegreatlineupofperformersonthecomingNationalDay thegreatparade Backgroundinformation 2 EllenGoodmanisanAmericanoriginal Herabundanttalents intellect wit style newsjudgment setherapart HerPulitzerPrizewinningcommentaryappearsinmorethan375newspapers EllenGoodman 1941 Backgroundinformation Profession journalistandcolumnistAchievements 1980PulitzerPrizeforcommentaryWriteforNewsweek theDetroitFreePress andtheBostonGlobe Works TurningPoints 1979 ClosetoHome 1979 AtLarge 1981 Backgroundinformation 5 PulitzerPrizeAnyofseveralawardsestablishedbyJosephPulitzerandconferred 赠予 annuallyforaccomplishmentinvariousfieldsofAmericanjournalism literature andmusic Canyousummarizethetext Thetexttalksaboutacompanymanwhodevotedallhisthoughtsandenergytoworkandeverythingelsesecondarytothatandtheendmightbeconsideredtragicallyheroic heworkedhimselftodeath Theessaytriestodescribehowacompanymandevotedhislifetohisworkandwhatroleheplayedinhisfamily Itendsinasatiricalwaybywhichreaderscanlearnthatitwasthecompetitivesocietythatdetermineshisattitudetowardsworkandcausedhisdeath TextStructure Para1 introductionPara2 6 reportshowdevotedthemanwastohiswork Para7 13 describesPhil sroleinhisfamily Para14 16 reportsthecompanypresident sinquiryforhissuccessor TextAnalysis Thepassagecanbedividedintofourparts PartOne Paragraph1 Thisisintroductorypartofthetext Thefirstsentenceprovidetheinformationabout who what how and when Finally suggeststhedoomedendingoftheworkaholic Precisely synonymsareexactly accurately definitely emphasizeshisdevotiontowork ashediedonaSunday adaywhenpeoplearesupposedtotakearest PartTwo Paragraphs2 6 Thispartreportshowdevotedthemanwastohiswork Unlikemostessayswhichusuallymakeitclearwhothecharacterisattheverybeginning thisessaybeginswiththepronoun He Readersonlygettoknowthefirstnameofthedeceased nothisfullname This ontheonehand ismeanttogetthefactthatworkaholicismhasbecomeacommonphenomenon Thedeceasedwasonlyoneofthemanyworkaholicswhoburythemselvesintheirworkandforgetallabouttheirindividuality PartThree Para 7 13 ThispartdescribesPhil sroleinhisfamily Athome thewifehaslostherhusbandtohisworkformanyyears Andhiseldestsontriedtoknowwhathisfatherwaslikefromhisneighbors Hisdaughterfoundnothingtotalkwithhimandhisyoungestsonhadverylittletosharewithhim Tohischildren heseemslikeastranger PartFour Paragraph14 16 AfterthecauseofPhil sdeathbeingrestated theauthorgoesontoreportthecompanypresident sinquiryforhissuccessor Byputtingcontradictoryactionsorideastogethersuchas workhimself at3 00a m Sundaymorning OnSundays Philworeasportsjackettotheoffice he hisson wentaroundtheneighborhoodresearchinghisfather theauthorcreatestheimagineofaworkaholic whoworkedondayswhenotherswerehavingtheirholidaysandwhofailedtobeaqualifiedhusbandandfatherwhilebeingsuccessfulinhiscareer Comprehensionquestions 1 1 whatismeantbythesentence shewouldbewelltakencareof inParagraph8 Key ItmeansthatthecompanyPhilworkedforwouldprovidesomefinancialhelpforhiswifesoastorelieveherofanypossibleworriesaboutfinance Comprehensionquestions 2 2 whyisthephrase dearlybeloved repeatedwhenreferringtohischildreninParagraph9 Key createasarcasticeffectforhisrelationshipwithhischildrenwasfarfrombeingcloseandintimateandhedevotedtoolittletohischildren Comprehensionquestions 3 3 WhatdoyouthinkistherelationshiplikebetweenPhilandthethreechildren Key RefertoParagraphs9 12 failingfatherHiseldestson knowinglittleabouthimHisdaughter nothingtosaywhenstayingalongwithhim Hisyoungerson remarkedbitterlythathisfatherandheonlyboardedatthehome distantandestranged Comprehensionquestions 4 4 whatistheimplicationoftheending Key ItimpliesthestoryofPhilseesnoend Hewillsoonbereplacedbyanequallyhardworkingguywhomayfollowinginhisstepsandrepeatthesametragedy Bossesarealwaysonthelookoutforworkaholicsandtheyareneverinshortsupply Theendingisfullofsarcasmandbitterness Comprehensionquestions 5 5 Doyouthinkitisasheerwasteoflifetodiesoyoungforworkingsohard WhatcanyoulearnfromthestoryofPhil TextStudy Paragraph1 CanyoutellotherEnglishwordswhichhavethesameideaof precisely synonyms exactly accurately definitelyWhatinformationcanyougetfromthe1stparagraph Whatdotheadverbs finallyandprecisely suggest finally suggeststhedoomedendingofaworkaholic precisely suggestshisdevotiontowork ashediedonaSunday adaywhenpeoplearesupposedtorest 2 oneofsixvice presidents 汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以 副 字 英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况 可选择vice associate assistant deputy等词 相应而言 vice使用面较广 副总统 或大学副校长 vicepresident 副主席 或系副主任 vicechairman 副总理 vicepremier WordsandExpressions Paragraphs2 6 副部长 viceminister 副省长 vicegovernor 副市长 vicemayor 副领事 viceconsul 副校长 中小学 viceprincipal 2 行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔的 副 职称往往用不同的词表达 最为常用的英语词是associate 副教授 associateprofessor 副研究员 associateresearchfellow 副主编 associatemanagingeditor 副审判长 associatejudge 副主任医师 associateseniordoctor 3 有些英语职位头衔 如manager headmaster 其副职头衔可冠以assistant 副总经理 assistant deputygeneralmanager assistant deputymanagingdirector 大堂副理 宾馆 assistantmanager 4 以director表示的职位的副职常以deputydirector表示 此外 secretary mayor dean等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy 副秘书长 deputysecretary general 副书记 deputysecretary 副市长 deputymayor 副院长 deputydean adv inamannerthatcanbeimaginedorbelieved e g Ifwepersistinworkingthathard conceivablywe llharvestapromisingprogressinthefuture conceivablee g 难以想象这么小的孩子能跑这么快 Itishardlyconceivablethatsuchasmall littlekidcanrunsofast 她千方百计地赚钱 Sheearnedmoneybyeveryconceivablemeans 3 conceivably overweight weighingmorethanisnormal necessary orallowed especiallyhavingmorebodyweightthanisconsiderednormalorhealthyforone sageorbuild Compare fat obese fleshy stout 壮士的 pudgy 矮胖的 plump chubby 圆胖的 Themostneutraltermisoverweight 1 Fat isthemostusualanddirectadjectivetodescribepeoplewithexcessflesh butitisnotpolite e g Thatguyisnotmerelyoverweightbututterlyfat 2 Obese fmlormedical ofpeople veryfat Doctorsuseobesetodescribepeoplewhoaresooverweightthattheyareunhealthy e g Obesepatientsareadvisedtochangetheirdiet 3 Stout issometimesusedasapolitetermtodescribefatness Itindicatesoverallheavinessofthebody 身体胖得匀称 e g Evenslimgirlscanbecomestouthousewives 4 Pudgy infml meansshortandfat e g Hispudgyfingerslookreallyfunny 5 Tobepolite wecanuse plump appliestoaslightorattractivefullnessoffigure e g EverybodylovesRita theplump rosylittlegirl 6 Chubby indicatespleasantroundnessinbabiesandcheeks e g achubbytoddler chubbycheeks Exercises 1 Itisimpolitetodescribepeoplewithexcessfleshusing but isokay forit sneutral 2 Doctorssuggestpeoplehavelessfastfood inordernottobe 3 Therewasatimewhenthe figurecaughton 4 The kidhasfunny fingers pudgy chubby plump stout obese overweight fat TextStudy Theobituarydidn tsaythat 2 Itsaid hediedof Ithinkthatwasit but knewitinstantly dieof diefrom3 HewasaperfectTypeA aclassic typical TextStudy Paragraphs2 6 4 onone sdayoff We llhave7daysoffsoon 5 andoneofthethreewhomightconceivably havemovedtothetopspot Whyissubjunctivemoodusedhere 6 Whyisn tthenameofthedeceasedmentionedattheverybeginning Ononehand itismeanttogetthereadersinvolvedinfindingoutwhoisbeingdiscussed ontheother itsuggeststhataworkaholicburieshimselfinhisworksomuchthatheforgetsallabouthisindividuality 7 unless ofcourse youthinkaboutamonthlygolfgamethatway 8 ToPhil itwaswork 9 Whattypeofmanwasthedeceasedfromtheparagraphs Tellasmanyfactsasyoucan 10 Whatwastheman spositioninthecompany 11 Whatcanyoulearnfromparagraph5 Saturdayisadayforhimtochangetoacasualwear Paragraphs7 13 surviveby tolivelongerthan tooutliveEg Myfathersurvivedmymotherby10years marketable easytosell attractivetocustomersoremployers 可销售的 有销路的e g Therearemanymarketableproductsthere Itisagoodideatolistyourmarketableskillsbeforeheadingforthejobfair TextStudy Acompanyfriendsaid Iknowhowmuchyouwillmisshim Andsheanswered Ialreadyhave Missinghimalltheseyears Doyoumissyourfamilywhileyouarestudyinghere Don tmissthechanceofferedbythecompany Doyouknowtheimpliedmeaningof Ialreadyhave Howtounderstandthesentence Acompanyfriendsaid Iknowhowmuchyouwillmisshim Andsheanswered Ialreadyhave PunShemeanttosaythatPhilwassoengrossedinworkthatheneglectedhisfamily Shehadalreadylosthimtohisworkformanyyears TextStudy Paragraphs7 13 3 Shewouldbe welltakencareof His dearlybeloved eldest Hewastheonewhotriedtograbathisfather andtriedtomeanenoughtohimtokeepthemanathome Telltheimpliedideasoftheseexpressions sarcasticeffectfarfromcloseandintimatedevotingtoolittle4 stayedupnightsworryingabouttheboy Doyouoftenstayupnightsdoingyourwork paraphrase doingenoughoddjobstostayingrassandfood doingenoughtemporaryjobstostayaliveondrugandfood odd1 Whatanodddesk We veneverseenit strange2 1 3 5and7areoddnumbers ofnumbers thatcannotbedividedbytwo noteven3 Twenty oddyearslater youwillbe usuplaceddirectlyafteranumber alittlemorethanoddjobssmalljobsofvarioustypes usudoneforotherpeoplegrabat seize desperately grabatsb sth attemptto seizesb stheagerlyordesperately 他伸手去拽男孩 还是没防到他摔倒 Hegrabbedattheboy butcouldnotsavehimfromfalling 竭力找借口避免干不好的工作 fig grabbingatanyexcusetoavoidanunpleasanttask 7 thefifty one yearolddeceasedhadmeantmuch dead deceased departed late inanimatedead常表语 指 死的 deceased指人 最近死的 多用于法律 departed指 最近死的 多用于宗教 是委婉语 仅指死者 late 已故的 多用于刚死的人 inanimate意为 没有生命的 没有生气的 Exercises 1 Thetigerhasbeen foratleasttwodaysaccordingtotheexpert 2 The manleftnowillorlegacy 3 Inafuneral thepriestpraysforthe 4 Thestoryisaboutthe hero 5 Their conversationisaboutthe stone late inanimate departed deceased dead inanimate TextStudy Paragraphs7 13 5 DidPhil schildrenknowhimwell Howdoyouknow 6 meanmuchtosomeone bemissed andhardtoreplace Explain 7 looksomeoneintheeyeOwendidsomethingwrong Hedidnotdaretolookhisfatherintheeye 8 readherbitternessIcanreadyourmindlikeabook Shereadadifferentmeaninginwhathehadsaid 译 他可是个令人难以理解的人 He sapersonhardtoread 9 straightenout straightensthoutTosettleorresolvesth toremovedifficultiesfromsthe g e g Weneedsomeonecapableofstraighteningoutalltheconfusion straightensbout infml toremovedoubtorignoranceinone sminde g Traditionallyateacherisexpectedtostraightenpuzzledstudentsout Iwasthenmuddledabouttheregistrationprocedures Luckily shecameintimetostraightenmeout 我当时正被登记手续搞得稀里糊涂 可巧她来得正好 帮我摆平了 他的经营情况糟糕透了 要整顿好需要花很多时间 Hisbusinessareinaterriblemess theywilltakeagestostraightenout Straightout Itoldhimstraightoutthathewastalkingnonsense TextStudy Paragraphs14 16 ahear attacknatural aperson bynature issuitedforaheartattacknaturaln apersonwhohasthenaturaltendencyofdoingsth eg He sanaturalforthepost pickout译 你能从这张老照片里认出你妈妈吗 Canyoupickoutyourmotherfromtheoldpicture inquiryn arequestforhelporinformation aninvestigationHowtosay 问询处 office informationofficeDon thesitatetocheckwithourworkersattheinquirydesk officewhenindoubtv demand require claim request 1 demand表示强烈要求 若主语是人 包含依据权利要求 若主语是物 含义为需求或要求 可直接接宾语 2 require虽然有时可以与demand换用 但require的确切含义应当是对所要求的事要绝对服从 有时这种要求带有法律的或规章的强迫性 3 claim要求承认自己对某物的所有权 4 request指 通过正式手续或非常有礼貌 客气地请求 常用于 恐怕对方由于种种原因不能答应 的场合 Exercises 1 Theboss thatMaryfinishtheprojectbeforenextMonday 2 Youaresincerely tobepresentatthegathering 3 Everycitizenmay theprotectionofthelaw 4 Studentsare toattendclasses claim requested demanded required Para 14 ahear attacknaturalapersonwhohasthetendencytosufferaheart attack n personconsideredideallysuitedforarole ajob anactivity etce g Theblackareregardedasnaturalsforsports Hedoesn tspendmuchtimeinlearningplayingviolin forheseemstobeanaturalforit 4 Whatdoestheending Who sbeenworkingthehardest imply Thisquestionshowsthatbeinghard workingisthedecidingfactorindeterminingwhetheronewillbepromoted Fromthis wecanlearnthatitwasthissocialvalueofthecompetitivesocietythatdeterminedPhil sattitudetowardsworkandcausedhisdeath TextStudy Paragraphs14 16 5 Howmanytimesis hefinallyworkedhimselftodeath atprecisely3 00a m Sundaymorning repeatedintheessay Whyisitrepeated Threetimes Byrepeatingthesentence theauthortellsusthepersonalityofthemanandsuggeststhatthemanisdestinedtobeexhausted RhetoricalAnalysis Incolloquialstyle Goodmandepictsironicallythelifeofaworkaholicandhisfamily Whatdevicesareadoptedtomakeherwritingmoreeffective RepetitionParallelismVariationoflengthofsentencesFindsomeexamplesfromthetextforeach Developtheideasbyemployingfacts Themandevotedallhistimeandenergytohiswork Hewassomewhatremotefromhischildren Translationexercises 50年代出生的人一般都是工作狂 而且以工作为荣 workaholic 课外活动有助于促进学生的社交活动 增进同学间的相互了解 extracurricular 高考前我们经常熬夜复习功课 stayup Phil的追悼会刚结束 总裁就开始寻找一个要像他一样玩命工作的人来替代他 replace 她长得很高 很漂亮 我想你一眼就能认出她来 pickout 没有足够的衣食 这些穷人难以度过即将到来的寒冬 survive Answer Peoplebornin1950 saregenerallyworkaholicsandmoreover theytakeprideinworkinghard Extracurricularactivitiesnotonlycontributetopromotingthesociallifeofstudentsbuthelpthemunderstandeachotherbetter Weoftenstayedupreviewingourclassbeforethenationalcollegeentranceexamination OnlyafterthefuneralforPhildidthepresidentbegintolookforamanwhoisworkingashardashim toreplacehim Sheisaverytallandbeautifulgirl Youwon thaveanytroublepickingher